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Topic: Vocoder

	Linux // What is a vocoder
		A vocoder is a sound effect that can make a human voice sound synthetic.
		Perhaps you remember the german group Kraftwerk which used a lot of vocoder effects in their songs ("We are the robots" for example).
		A vocoder aims to replace the carrier of your voice with another carrier from another source.
	www.sirlab.de /linux/descr_vocoder.html (0 words)

	A Phase Vocoder in Matlab
		The Phase Vocoder [FlanG66, Dols86, LaroD99] is an algorithm for timescale modification of audio.
		The only complication to the algorithm is that the phases associated with each bin in the modified spectrogram image have to be 'fixed up' to maintain the dphase/dtime of the original, thereby ensuring the correct alignment of successive windows in the overlap-add reconstruction.
		I first wrote a phase vocoder in 1990 which eventually became the 'pvoc' unit generator in Csound.
	www.ee.columbia.edu /~dpwe/resources/matlab/pvoc (816 words)

	Vocoder Manual
		The EMS Vocoder (voice-coder) is a 22-channel vocoder that has been specifically designed to process speech and other sounds in a variety of new and interesting ways.
		The Vocoder is a signal processing device, and therefore it requires a signal input to obtain an output.
		On previous Vocoders, switch 4 was a sync switch which synchronised the VCO to the fundamental of the input speech signal.
	members.tripod.com /werdav/vocbaema.htm (4052 words)

	Vocoders and speech synthesis doepfer A129 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A vocoder is a complete analyzer (129/1) synthesizer (129/2) system that breaks down -analyzes- a vocal or other audio signal into a series of adjacent frequency bands, and then uses the amplitudes of the frequency bands to build up -synthesize- a signal that is similar in certain respects.
		As said in the vocoder introduction, the vocoder needs two input signals: a speech element which serves as the raw material for the tonal shaping, and is patched into the analysis section; and a carrier signal, which is patched via the instrument input into the synthesis section.
		Since the A-129 is a modular vocoder, and the connections between the analysis and synthesis section are external, using patch-leads, You have the possibility of connecting the frequency bands of the analysis and synthesis sections arbitrarily.
	www.analogue.org /network/vocoder.htm (1335 words)

	PAiA - Vocoder - Studio Series
		The PAiA Vocoder, designed by Craig Anderton, is truly a price/performance breakthrough in classical analog designs.
		But that's only the beginning of applications for this versatile spectral cross-modulator which impresses the timbre of one sound source to directly onto the pitch of a second source.
		Vocoder Kit includes circuit board all electronic parts, switches, jacks controls, knobs and manual.
	www.paia.com /vocoder.asp (0 words)

	Vocoder plug-ins for computer music systems
		This is one demo that packs a punch, and I would recommend that you give it a serious look.
		A quick and easy vocoder that uses a unique carrier impulse resonator.
		This device creates rich and vibrant vocoder effects with ease and speed.
	www.vocoder-plugins.com (132 words)

	Create Digital Music » vocoder
		Vocoding is capable of a broad range of sounds, from the traditional “robot talking” effects to unique, organic-sounding synth and drum effects.
		Like many commonly-used techniques for synthesis and processing (and qualifying as both), vocoder effects can be cliched — but they can also be used to great effect.
		Before today’s vocoders, there was the voder, developed at Bell Labs as a sound compression mechanism.
	createdigitalmusic.com /tag/vocoder (449 words)

	How To Use A Vocoder In Ableton Live \| SonicTransfer.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Vocoders are used by almost every major electronic musician.
		A common vocoder problem is caused by routing your mic input to the carrier input and your synthesizer to the modulator input.
		The vocoder expects the modulator input to be panned hard left and the carrier input to be panned hard right.
	sonictransfer.com /vocoder-tutorial-ableton-live.shtml (1414 words)

	Cycling '74 \|\| The Phase Vocoder — Part I
		The infamous hardware vocoders of the 1960s and 1970s (as used, for example, by Wendy Carlos in the soundtrack of Kubrick's film "A Clockwork Orange") were based on this technology, and allowed the spectrum of one sound (in the Carlos example a synthesizer) to be controlled by that of another (a voice).
		The phase vocoder can, however, be considered a type of vocoder because the Fourier Transform returns a set of amplitude values for a set of frequency bands spaced evenly across the sound's spectrum, similar to the older vocoder's set of bandpass filters.
		Since the whole point of a phase vocoder is to perform time stretching and compression on an existing sound, we need to be able to access that sound directly via a buffer~ object and perform the FFT at any given playback speed and overlap.
	www.cycling74.com /story/2006/11/2/113327/823 (2622 words)

	SPACESYNTH.NET: Tutorial 3: Vocoder Heaven - Synthesizer Music For Space People
		Well, vocoder will solve that problem in the end, but I'd say it's good to be able to listen your voice atleast when syncing the vocal clips to the song, unless you can setup your sequencer to use vocoder in real-time.
		The vocoder is used to replace this component in your voice into a synth sound.
		Vocoder is a mono sound, so to mix it into the song requires some fx.
	www.spacesynth.net /Article/Tutorial3-VocoderHeaven (2059 words)

	MAM VF11 Vocoder
		I hummed and hawed, as the Nord’s vocoder hadn’t exactly blown me away, and then gave the number a call.
		I don’t think it sounds as good as the best Wendy Carlos vocoding I’ve heard on Clockwork Orange, but the price tag was a hell of a lot lower, and it satisfies all my current vocoding requirements.
		The only little thing I’ve noticed is that it tends to leak a little "fizz" when vocoding (and there’s a bit of a hiss too) but this is all tiny stuff that would be buried in any remotely realistic mix.
	www.fantasyjackpalance.com /fjp/sound/synth/synthdata/18-mam-vf11-vocoder.html (572 words)

	O'Reilly -- How to Make Your Sound Sing with Vocoders
		A vocoder (short for "voice encoder") is a device that makes ordinary sounds, such as chords played on a synthesizer, sing or speak recognizable words.
		The best way to grasp the creative power of vocoding is to try it yourself, so I've prepared some downloadable tutorial files (2.2MB ZIP file) for the advanced vocoder in Propellerhead Reason.
		A vocoder works by imprinting the constantly changing frequency spectrum of one signal onto the sound energy in another signal.
	digitalmedia.oreilly.com /2006/03/29/vocoder-tutorial-and-tips.html (708 words)

	phase vocoder in Matlab
		The phase vocoder is a variation on the short-time Fourier transform.that uses phase information to improve the frequency estimates.
		In fact, Puckette and Brown [5] show that, under certain conditions (for a signal consisting of a single sinusoid and with a t2-t1 corresponding to a single sample) the phase vocoder estimate of the frequency is closely related to the maximum likelihood estimate.
		Phase vocoders based on banks of (analog) filters were introduced by Flanagan [1] for the compression of speech signals.
	eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu /~sethares/vocoders/phasevocoder.html (1330 words)

	Vocoders and Vocoder Derivatives
		This eventually lead to a revival of interest in vocoding, including many improved vocoding results and derivatives of the essential idea to produce interesting sonic and musical effects.
		Basic vocoders produce deliciously crusty, robotic-sounding voices, which is sometimes a nifty effect.
		As the first special-effectsy vocoding derivative you'll hear, click here to listen to what happens if you widen the spectrum when you resynthesize a voice.
	lonestar.texas.net /~mr88cet/VocodingWebDemo/VocoderDemo.html (1054 words)

	Zenhiser Free Music Tutorials :: Sample Cds, Sample Libraries, Vocoder (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Although the Vocoder was originally developed in 1939 for secure communications, popular music has kept the technology alive in ways that could not have been envisioned by creator Homer Dudley.
		But these days, instead of a suitcase-sized piece of hardware, the Vocoder is likely to be a software application such as the EVOC 20 PS that is included with Apple’s Logic Pro 7.
		In this tutorial, we’re going to walk through the process of using the EVOC 20 PS Vocoder to process a short vocal clip that could be used as a repetitive layered texture in a mix.
	www.zenhiser.com /tutorials_pages/vocal/vocoder_01/vocoder_01.html (275 words)

	channel vocoder in Matlab
		The channel vocoder operates as a bank of filters that breaks two incoming sound sources (the carrier and the modulator) into compatible frequency regions.
		The channel vocoder can be used to generate a classic robotic-voice when modulated with speech, and it has found extensive use as a special effect in Hollywood.
		The channel vocoder can be interpreted as a filter-bank that imposes the envelope of one sound (the modulator) onto the waveform of another (the carrier).
	eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu /~sethares/vocoders/channelvocoder.html (570 words)

	Vocoder Analysis
		The vocoder provides a bank of bandpass filters which decompose the input signal into narrow spectral ``slices.'' This is the analysis step.
		For synthesis (often called additive synthesis), a bank of sinusoidal oscillators is provided, having amplitude and frequency control inputs.
		Thus, in vocoder analysis for additive synthesis, the phase delay of the analysis filter bank gives the time delay experienced by the oscillator carrier waves, while the group delay of the analysis filter bank gives the time delay imposed on the estimated oscillator amplitude-envelope functions.
	ccrma.stanford.edu /~jos/filters/Vocoder_Analysis.html (324 words)

	Sculptor: A Real Time Phase Vocoder \| Linux Journal
		The phase vocoder is one of the more powerful methods of manipulating sounds in the frequency domain.
		A vocoder is an electronic signal processor consisting of a bank of filters spaced across the frequency band of interest.
		After Michael Portnoff (see Resources) demonstrated an efficient method of building the required filter banks digitally, the door was open for a computer-based implementation of a digital phase vocoder, bringing with it a vast number of possibilities for the analysis, manipulation and synthesis of audio.
	www.linuxjournal.com /article/3059 (3004 words)

	Music thing: eBay of the Year: Kraftwerk's original vocoder
		In fact, there are tons of analog vocoders (they've been around since the thirties of forties).
		And the Vocoder is a marvellous and ancient piece of technology that had no less than two of the true geniuses of the 20th century work on it: Claude Shannon and Alan Turing.
		The Wiki page mentions that it was originally designed as a speech encoder: in fact it was the core component of both the Delilah and System X systems developed during the second world war to encrypt speech traffic.
	musicthing.blogspot.com /2006/06/ebay-of-year-kraftwerks-original.html (1911 words)

	Analysis/Synthesis
		His vocoder replaced the human operator with another electromechanical device that analyzed the speech, and hence was fully automatic.
		The introduction to the vocoder itself has been processed by the vocoder, demonstrating reasonably good audio quality (by telephone standards, which emphasize intelligibility and speaker recognition over audio fidelity).
		Whispered speech is generated by setting the vocoder as if all speech were unvoiced (input to the synthesis filter is only "hiss-type energy").
	ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu /~eal/audio/vocoder.html (798 words)

	vocoder (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A vocoder modulates the frequencies of one sound, the carrier, with the characteristics of another sound, the modulator.
		With a software vocoder, you can use any wave file to modulate the characteristics of any other wave file.
		The one issue that bothered me was the fact that its output was too quiet, so finished sounds had to be ampilified or normalized to be usable in a multitrack recording.
	members.cox.net /mattytee/s64k/vocoder.html (282 words)

	A Phase Vocoder Tutorial
		The motivation for the development of the phase vocoder was to reduce the amount of data required for the transmission of speech over telephone lines.
		The Phase Vocoder may be thought of as a series of band pass filters, each band pass filter referred to as a channel or bin.
		Another advantage of the Phase Vocoder is its ability to transpose frequency without changing duration as well as changing duration without changing frequency.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~msimoni/PV-Tutorial.html (945 words)

	Vintage Synth Explorer - Roland VP-330 Vocoder Plus (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The vocoder shapes its envelope and filters by any sound source fed into it, your voice or even a drum loop can be used which is then applied to another sound source, typically a synth pad.
		Aside from the 10-band vocoder, the VP-330 added a string synth section, choir and a human-voice sound, both of which are quite excellent themselves.
		A vocoded rhythmic progression that is typical of the sound and nature of a Vocoder.
	www.vintagesynth.com /roland/vocoder.shtml (250 words)

	What is vocoder? - a definition from Whatis.com
		The technology behind the vocoder effect was initially used in attempts to synthesize speech.
		The effect called vocoding can be recognized on records as a "talking synthesizer", made popular by artists such as Stevie Wonder.
		The vocoder works like this: The input signal (your voice saying "Hello, my name is Fred") is fed into the vocoder's input.
	searchsmb.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid44_gci213626,00.html (361 words)

	Welcome To The Retro Future
		The unsung Dudley was a pioneer in figuring out how to synthesize sounds and quickly ascertained the vocoder (or voice coder) possessed a creative potential far beyond the transmission of phone calls.
		In 1971, the vocoder entered the pop culture mainstream when Kubrick invited composer Wendy Carlos to score the music to his controversial adaptation of Anthony Burgess' A Clockwork Orange.
		In the years since the vocoder has leant atmospheric touches and a futuristic ambience to a bevy of songs, including Laurie Anderson ("O Superman!"), Kraftwerk ("We Are the Robots") the Beastie Boys ("Intergalactic").
	www.retrofuture.com /vocoder.html (376 words)

	Eiosis ELS Vocoder
		With the ELS Vocoder interface, you can access to all the controls that you need to use simply and efficiently your vocoder in most situations.
		The ELS Vocoder uses the same filtering techniques that a real analog vocoder, which allows you to get the same sound, the same precision and the same clarity than with "vintage" vocoders.
		Thanks to the ELS Vocoder oscillators, the vocoded sounds are clear and "organic" : you can almost feel the warmth that you could get with a real analog vocoder, with the same bass punch and highs precision.
	www.eiosis.com /elsvocoder (382 words)

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