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Topic: Vocoid

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	About Vocoid \| vocoid
		Vocoid is a netlabel/collective set up to provide a space and shared promotion (and hopefully some collaboration) among interested musician.
		A vocoid is defined as a "central oral resonant".
		A vocoid is a sound made with an open oral cavity such that there is little audible friction in the mouth.
	vocoid.com /?q=about (185 words)

	Articulation: Vowels and Consonants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Everything which is not a vocoid is a contoid.
		Thus, [j] is a vocoid, [i] is a vocoid, [a] is a vocoid, [w] is a vocoid, but [l] is not; it is a contoid, as are [p], [b], etc.
		Thus, of the vocoids above, [i] and [a] could be vowels, but [j] and [w] would not, as they are never syllabic.
	www.phon.ox.ac.uk /~jcoleman/VSANDCS.htm (469 words)

	Vocoid & the Medly Remix Contest - Creative Commons
		Vocoid is a local San Francisco net label/collective dedicated to supporting musicians by providing space and shared promotion.
		The contest utilizes ccMixter as the platform and the raw audio from their album Medly for your mixing and mashing pleasure.
		According to co-founder Doug Land, Vocoid has been a longtime supporter of Creative Commons and ccMixter.
	creativecommons.org /weblog/entry/7230 (141 words)

	[No title]
		These sounds are called vocoids in acoustic phonetics, and they comprise mainly the vowels, but also the nasal sounds and some of the other sonorants.
		94, the sound [i] may be classified as a vocoid with F1 at 250 Hz and F2 at 2500 Hz, contrasting with [e] with F1 at 400 Hz and F2 at 2000 Hz, and with [y] with F1 at 250 Hz and F2 at 2000 Hz.
		The dependency of a contoid on its surrounding vocoids is shown by the following observation.
	www.chez.com /phiallfish/und_essays/Phonetics.html (2783 words)

	Contoid and vocoid \| Antimoon Forum
		According to Pike "Generally, vowels are syllabic vocoids." The semivowels [j] and [w] are vocoids because they are sounds with "no audible noise produced by constriction in the vocal tract".
		A vocoid is a phonetic vowel and a contoid is a phonetic consonant.
		A sound which is both a phonetic vowel and a phonological vowel he called a "syllabic vocoid".
	www.antimoon.com /forum/2003/3625.htm (1031 words)

	Vowels and Consonants
		Perhaps the best are those of Pike (1943), who uses the terms vocoid and contoid for phonetic vowels and consonants respectively, and syllabic and non-syllabic for vowels and consonants in the phonological sense, from the point of view of their function in the syllable.
		([j] and [w] are vocoids according to Pike's strict phonetic definition.) Similarly, a phonetic consonant is a contoid.
		The term non-syllabic vocoid effectively removes any ambiguity and makes it easier to come to grips with the situation, which is made more tolerable by the fact that in most accounts of English phonetics and phonology /j/ and /w/ never have a syllabic function.
	victorian.fortunecity.com /vangogh/555/Spell/cons-vowel.htm (3056 words)

	Prosodic domains and ambisyllabicity in optimality theory.
		We demonstrate in Korean that /n/-insertion is compelled to avoid an ambisyllabic consonant before a high front vocoid.
		We also show in Korean that overapplication of Coda Neutralization and underapplication of primary palatalization of a PrWd-final consonant before a high front vocoid across a PrWd juncture are due to the ambisyllabicity of the PrWd-final consonant.
		We propose that Umlaut and secondary palatalization are a single phonological phenomenon and secondary palatalization blocking of Umlaut results from a conspiracy to force the V-place of a high front vocoid to spread only once.
	repository.upenn.edu /dissertations/AAI9800872 (344 words)

	index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Vocoids are the simplest sounds obtained by via acoustic energy produced when air flowing in the vocal tract is obstructed, where the precise nature of different obstructions, their combination, and the overall shape of the vocal tract determine the variety of acoustic effects used in speech.
		Vocoids cause no obstruction in the midline of the oral vocal tract to impede airflow from the lungs.
		Formants are the peak frequencies of the vocoids, where the complex transfer function of the vocoids can be usefully abbreviated in terms of its peaks.
	www.iis.ee.ic.ac.uk /~frank/surp98/article2/wwy2 (2649 words)

	LINGUIST List 11.1618: American Eng Dipthongs, Englishes/Micronesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Native speakers of AE perceive the vocoid material in the words fay, fie, foe and foul as constituting a single segment, i.e., the first three words have two sounds: an initial f and another sound, while foul has three sounds: an initial f, a final l, and another sound in the middle.
		In contrast, the vocoid material in the word few is perceived as being two sounds, and so the word has three sounds.
		And the word twin is perceived as having four sounds because the vocoid material is perceived as a sequence of two sounds.
	www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de /linguist/issues/11/11-1618.html (365 words)

	Course (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Approximantsè; (1) sounds which have a lateral escape, or (2) belong to the family of r-sounds, and (3) those with vocoid characteristics.
		In the UPSID file, vocoid approximants are treated as consonants if (1) they don’t alternate with syllabic vocoid pronunciation and (2) share distributional properties with other consonants.
		The frequency of /j/ and /w/ and their co-occurrence is shown in table 6.1.
	mails.fju.edu.tw /~phono/handout6.htm (904 words)

	vocoid \|
		To accompany the vocoid peeps channel, I just created a channel for vocoid members artists.
		I'm happy to announce the compilation Vocoid put together for the Creative Commons 4th anniversary party is now available for download here.
		Creative Commons celebrated four years of working to promote and enable a participatory culture last Friday night, and Vocoid was there.
	www.vocoid.com (440 words)

	RE: [lojban] Re: [h] (was: RE: Re: Aesthetics
		Approximant articulations involve turbulent airflow when voiceless, though on checking Catford I see that a fricative is defined as a constriction that leads to turbulence when there is voicing, so turbulence in itself does not equate to frication, terminologically.
		I suppose that when one really gets down to it, IPA [h] (and its voiced counterpart) do have to be seen as a generalization over whispered/breathy vocoids.
		Anyway, I accept the logic of treating a whispered [i] as subsumed by [h], but the difference between it and [C] is far too slight to ever be phonologically contrastive.
	www.lojban.com /fr/lists/lojban-list/msg03381.html (573 words)

	Ps. Q.--Mountain Dialect Baffles East European Phonologists--G. D. Duvkal
		Phonologists in Czechoslovakia and adjacent Slavic countries have been amazed in recent months by the announcement in November of 1988 of a dialect of Czech which is completely lacking in vocoid sounds.
		Though the dialect has eight contrasting vocalic nuclei, each of these is manifested by a liquid sound, never a vocoid.
		In the roughly fifty years since that investigation, the remaining vocoids have been replaced by liquids as well on a very regular pattern.
	www.specgram.com /PsQ.XVI.3/03.duvkal.mountain.html (355 words)

	[conlang] Digest Number 4326
		in _you_ and _year_ is [j], which is a vocoid and in those two words function phonologically as a consonant.
		So because, as you've observed, [w] has many properties of vowels, we can say it's a vocoid, but vocoids and vowels are different.
		You aren't the first person to notice the difference, and the distinction between 'consonant' and 'contoid', 'vowel' and 'vocoid', is, as we've seen, pretty important.
	www.mail-archive.com /conlang@yahoogroups.com/msg00237.html (6019 words)

	ICSLP'98 Abstract: Ishihara, Shunichi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Independence Of Consonantal Voicing And Vocoid F0 Perturbation In English And Japanese
		It is considered, therefore, that the phonetic voicing of /d/ (periodicity during the closure) is not clearly correlated with lower levels of F0 on the following vowel.
		Ishihara, Shunichi (1998): "Independence of consonantal voicing and vocoid F0 perturbation in English and Japanese", In ICSLP-1998, paper 0630.
	www.isca-speech.org /archive/icslp_1998/i98_0630.html (104 words)

	Voice Analysis
		Also, the same Italian formant values are different if they come from different regions or belong to dialects with or without a different accent.
		The values of the first two formants—the most important—are usually sufficient to hear the differences among each vowel (i, e, a, o, u) as shown in Figure 4.
		In the Anglo-American phonetic alphabet the vocoid position corresponds to a sound like “hood.” As it often happens in the Italian language, the length of the final “u” is short and confirms that the explanation given by Michele Dinicastro is correct.
	www.aaevp.com /articles/articles_about_evp10.htm (4489 words)

	Please title this page. (Page 1) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This paper is concerned with phonological Affrication and Frication, in which commonly the alveolar stops /t, d/ are affricated into [ts, dz], or fricated into [s, z], respectively, before a high vocoid in a specific morphological context, as in Axininca Campa (Spring 1992), Romanian (Nandris 1945) and Finnish (Kiparsky 1973) among other languages.
		In the view of the formalist approach in phonology, the account of Affrication and Frication as the insertion of [+strident] might at first seem less natural than one spreading a relevant feature from a following high vocoid, because natural sound changes often result from assimilation or dissimilation to a neighboring sound.
		In this alterantive we could represent the processes as the assimilation of a stop to a following high vocoid, which might seem more natural than the analysis of inserting the feature [+strident].
	www.ling.uni-potsdam.de /ik/phon.html (2216 words)

	Glot International, Journal Section
		This means all distinctions arise predictably from phonetic interpretation of place features which may be either `primary' or `non-primary'.
		Default primary place assigned to particular manners of articulation, for example a primary [labial] stop is bilabial by default, a primary [labial] fricative is labiodental, a primary [labial] vocoid is round.
		Emphasis spread is blocked by dorsal vocoids and this is also predicted from contingency relations between primary and non-primary features.
	www.linguistlistplus.com /glot/html/GI7903/GI7903_BRW3.htm (3074 words)

	Amazon.com: "vocoid articulations": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		See all pages with references to "vocoid articulations".
		phonological discussions, we shall not use either of them in the presentation of phonetics.) Since no contact is required for vocoid articulations, we cannot have recourse to the characteristics used so far in this section on manner,...
		The last-mentioned, for instance, has been dealt with above (4.2.7); in this case variability in the use of lateral and vocoid articulations in places where other accents have non- prevocalic /l/ means that we...
	www.amazon.com /phrase/vocoid-articulations (309 words)

	Diphthongs and Diaeresis
		You'd think that after a lifetime of speaking English I'd have it all down pat.
		If someone had warned me that as a missionary I would be in danger of being exposed to words like archiphoneme and homorganic and vocoid and allophone and morphology and tagmeme, well, I might have considered pursuing a line of work involving less technical jargon - like maybe a rocket scientist.
		In my leisure reading, whenever I come across a paragraph like: "Simply put, orthographical endeavor must be unambiguous, entailing both an etic and emic perspective of said language.
	www.daveyandmarie.com /032.HTM (431 words)

	MySpace.com - vocoid - SAN FRANCISCO, California - Electronica / Experimental / Ambient - www.myspace.com/vocoid
		MySpace.com - vocoid - SAN FRANCISCO, California - Electronica / Experimental / Ambient - www.myspace.com/vocoid
		vocoid's Latest Blog Entry [Subscribe to this Blog]
		Vocoid is a netlabel/collective set up to provide a community and shared promotion for independent artists.
	myspace.com /vocoid (148 words)

	Vowels and Consonants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		An obvious solution is to use different terms for phonetic, phonological, and orthographic vowels and consonants, and a number of terms have been proposed.
		Sometimes, however, a phonetic vowel behaves phonologically like a consonant and then we have a non-syllabic vocoid, such as /j/ or /w/ in English.
		Here Pike's terminology goes some way to getting round the difficulty.
	education.leeds.ac.uk /~dst/inted/convows1.htm (3064 words)

	Writing in western European languages that deal with China
		C) Yet another problem of representation, and the area where the reader will find the most variation in the chart above, is the vowels in Pinyin zhi chi shi and zi ci si.
		The vowel in the first set is a retroflex vocoid; that in the second set is an fricative apical vocoid.
		Put simply and inexactly, the first sounds like a vague r (Irish or North American) and the second sounds like a vague z (English, not German).
	www.sinistra.net /els/sup/utftranscript.html (2936 words)

	VIEW ROA 126
		First, it treats the syllabification of vowel sequences in a number of
		Kimatuumbi, and Ilokano, high vocoids are syllabified as vowels when
		Lenakel and Spanish, the generalization is that a high vocoid adjacent
	roa.rutgers.edu /view.php3?roa=126 (280 words)

	Untitled Document
		One notable characteristics of the vocoid raising rule is that it reapplies to its own output, affecting each relevant segment of the string only once, e.g.
		This rule weakens a nonlow V2 in any V1V2 sequence where V2 is no lower than V1, e.g.
		With CPF the underlying a becomes e because of the high vocoid next to it, e.g.
	www.ciil-ebooks.net /html/mp/ch3.htm (7442 words)

	What is a vocoid? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A language will use only some of these:
		A vocoid may also be a glide or syllabic sonorant, such as the following:
		This page is an extract from the LinguaLinks Library, Version 5.0 published on CD-ROM by SIL International, 2003.
	www.sil.org /linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAVocoid.htm (92 words)

	Principles of Phonetics (Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It is all useful, but it left me anxious to get to the meat of the book.
		Laver's use of Pike's 'contoid' and 'vocoid' categories sounded a bit sci-fi to me, but it's good to see familiar concepts analyzed in a somewhat different way.
		Laver will often spend time citing examples of unusual sounds, e.g.
	www.textkit.com /0_052145655X.html (409 words)

	Notes Chapter 5
		--babbling consists of vocoids (front and central predominate) and contoids (h,d,b,m,t,g,and w predominate)
		More language growth for those who use more contoid babble than those with vocoid babble.
		Greater language growth is related to greater babble complexity
	www2.muw.edu /~mharmon/503Ch5.htm (1434 words)

	PERILUS XXIV (2001) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Journal of the International Phonetic Association (in press)
		Informal listening suggests that unscripted Swedish shows a tendency to produce alternating contoid and vocoid articulations which relate to more complex consonant and vowel structures at the phonological level.
		To test this hypothesis, two unscripted monologues and, for comparison, a careful text reading were analyzed.
	www.ling.su.se /fon/perilus/2001_abs_10.htm (137 words)

	:: eurosla 2004 ::
		We suppose that these features could cause a number of phonological processes such as transfer-based substitutions, overlapping and lenition.
		As far as the vowels are concerned, in the L1 vowel system both quality and quantity contrasts exist (short and long vowels): according to experimental studies (Hamdi, 1991 ; Barkat, 2002, Al-Tamimi/Barkat-Defradas, 2004) Moroccan Arabic vowel inventory comprises the three Classic Arabic long vowels (/a:/, /i:/, /u:/) the back /u/ and the central vocoid //.
		Does this vocalic trapezium affect the realization of L2 vowels where only quality contrast is pertinent?
	www.vc.ehu.es /eurosla2004/program/ws.html (7222 words)

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