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Topic: Voiced pharyngeal fricative

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Pharyngeal consonant

Fricative consonant

List of consonants

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	Encyclopedia: Voiced pharyngeal fricative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Its manner of articulation is approximant, or occasionally fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a channel at the place of articulation that is not usually narrow enough to cause turbulence.
		Its place of articulation is pharyngeal which means it is articulated with the root of the tongue against the pharynx.
		A pharyngeal consonant is a type of consonant which is articulated with the root of the tongue against the pharynx.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Voiced-pharyngeal-fricative (3219 words)

	Definition of Voiced pharyngeal fricative
		The voiced pharyngeal fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages.
		Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
		Its place of articulation is pharyngeal which means it is articulated with the root of the tongue against the pharynx.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Voiced_pharyngeal_fricative (238 words)

	VOICED PHARYNGEAL FRICATIVE FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The symbol in the International_Phonetic_Alphabet that represents is, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is
		Its manner_of_articulation is approximant, or occasionally fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a channel at the place of articulation that is not usually narrow enough to cause turbulence.
		Its place_of_articulation is pharyngeal which means it is articulated with the root of the tongue against the pharynx.
	www.witwib.com /Voiced_pharyngeal_fricative (217 words)

	Voiced labiodental fricative - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The voiced labiodental fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages.
		The voiced labiodental fricative occurs in English, and it is the sound denoted by the letter "v" in visit or rave.
		Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
	www.northmiami.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Voiced_labiodental_fricative (291 words)

	Fricative consonant - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Fricative consonants are produced by air flowing through a narrow channel made by placing two articulating organs close together (e.g.
		Fricatives may be voiceless or voiced (see phonation).
		Ubykh may be the language with the most fricatives, with 26.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Fricative (121 words)

	Fricative_consonant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Fricative consonants are produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together (e.g.
		This turbulent airflow is called "frication." A particular subset of fricatives are the sibilants (sometimes referred to as stridents).
		The glottal "fricatives" are actually unaccompanied phonation states of the glottis, without any accompanying manner, fricative or otherwise.
	www.tuxedo-shop.com /search.php?title=Fricative_consonant (337 words)

	How to pronounce Hebrew
		Voiced labiodental fricative v Note: Although the more logical choice would might been the voiced bilabial fricative (as Ancient Greek "beta"), this is not at all attested in Hebrew; all modern pronounciations have /v/ (except Babylonian which has aspirated /b/, but this seems borrowed, since no other Semitic languages use aspiration).
		Voiced velar fricative gh The Yemenite "jimmel" seems a clear borrowing from Arabic, as no other Semitic languages have it, and it breaks the otherwise clear consistency of dagesh hazaq.
		Voiceless labiodental fricative f Although (as for beth) the more logical choice might have been the unvoiced bilabial fricative (as Ancient Greek "phi"), this is not at all attested in Hebrew; all modern pronounciations have /f/ (except Babylonian which has aspirated /p/, but this seems borrowed, since no other Semitic languages use aspiration).
	ir.iit.edu /~argamon/hebrew.html (704 words)

	FRICATIVE CONSONANT FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Fricatives (or spirants) are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.
		A particular subset of fricatives are the sibilants (sometimes referred to as stridents).
		A fricative realization may be specified by adding the uptack to the letters,.
	www.whereintheworldisbush.com /fricative_consonant (347 words)

	Kabardian - UPSID Language Profile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		segfr(n, [voiceless, palato_alveolar, sibilant, ejective, fricative], [dakota, yuchi, kabardian]).
		segfr(n, [voiceless, pharyngeal, fricative], [kurdish, ewe, tama, arabic, tigre, socotri, shilha, somali, iraqw, atayal, nootka, kabardian, lak]).
		segfr(n, [voiceless, uvular, fricative], [farsi, pashto, e_armenian, wolof, arabic, neo_aramaic, tuareg, mandarin, haida, tlingit, wintu, kwakw7ala, quileute, squamish, puget_sound, pomo, achumawi, aleut, kurukh, gilyak, georgian, kabardian, lak]).
	www.langmaker.com /db/ups_kabardian.htm (818 words)

	UNIL / Linguistique - phonetic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Fricative consonants result from a narrowing of the speech canal that does not achieve the full closure characteristic of the occlusives.
		This section describes the dorsal fricatives and the fricatives where the dorsal/lateral opposition is unimportant.
		The realization of a hisser requires a high degree of tension in the tongue: a groove is formed along the whole length of the tongue, in particular at the place of articulation where the air passes through a little round opening.
	www2.unil.ch /ling/english/phonetique/api32-eng.html (958 words)

	Voiced pharyngeal fricative Information
		Its manner of articulation is approximant, or; occasionally fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a channel at the place of articulation that is not usually narrow enough to cause turbulence.
		Its place of articulation is pharyngeal which means it is articulated with the root of the tongue against the pharynx.
		Many languages claiming to have pharyngeal fricatives or approximants turn out on closer inspection to have epiglottal consonants instead.
	voiced-pharyngeal-fricative.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Voiced_pharyngeal_fricative (1068 words)

	Fricative consonant - SmartyBrain Encyclopedia and Dictionary
		Phonetic variation and acoustic distinctive features;: A study of four general American fricatives, (Janua linguarum.
		The phonological status of the Russian 'labial fricatives' (Journal of linguistics.
		On fricative phones and phonemes: Measuring the phonetic differences within and between languages (UCLA working papers in phonetics)
	smartybrain.com /index.php/Fricative_consonant (208 words)

	[No title]
		The 1993 version of IPA treats implosives as inherently voiced, but it seems likely that voiceless implosives will be assigned their own symbols some day soon.
		Voiced h could perhaps be written h$, on graphic grounds, but it has been written h" instead.
		The range of the voice is divided into five units, to which the numbers 1 through 5 are assigned, with 1 low and 5 high.
	www.umich.edu /~archive/linguistics/linguist.list/volume.5/no.801-850/5-806 (1757 words)

	The Pronunciation of Ancient Egyptian
		The picture of a foot, this is a "b" (voiced bilabial stop/plosive).
		The picture of "an animal's belly with teats," this represents a softer form of kh (a voiceless palatal instead of a velar fricative), as in the German pronunciation of ich (not German dialect pronunciations as ish).
		The picture of a stand for a jar, this is a "g," pronounced as a stop, like the English "g" in "gun" (voiced velar stop/plosive), not like the palatal affricative English "g" in "ginger, which is like the "j" in "jump" (a "dj" or "dzh").
	www.friesian.com /egypt.htm (5900 words)

	SYRIAC LANGUAGE FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In different variations of a certain lexical root, a root consonant might exist in plosive form in one variation and fricative form in another.
		Voiced labial pair â” and (in eastern dialects these are and)
		Voiced velar pair â” and * Voiced dental pair â” and * Voiceless velar pair â” and * Voiceless labial pair â” and (in eastern dialects sometimes replaces)
	www.amysflowershop.com /Syriac_language (1955 words)

	Arabic - UPSID Language Profile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		segfr(n, [pharyngealized, voiced, dental, sibilant, fricative], [arabic, tuareg]).
		segfr(n, [voiceless, dental, sibilant, fricative], [irish, russian, french, spanish, kurdish, punjabi, sinhalese, albanian, hungarian, yakut, tuva, manchu, moro, nyangi, arabic, tuareg, beja, standard_thai, javanese, tamang, nimboran, tzeltal, mixe, squamish, papago, luiseno, karok, diegueno, yana, acoma, gununa_kena, guarani, kabardian]).
		segla(n, [voiced, alveolar, flap], [irish, romanian, bengali, sinhalese, osmanli, kpelle, diola, bariba, gbeya, maasai, luo, tama, arabic, amharic, neo_aramaic, somali, hamer, hausa, ngizim, burera, w_desert, aranda, standard_thai, garo, boro, washkuk, selepet, kewa, chuave, daribi, fasu, yareba, koiari, tzeltal, otomi, yaqui, karok, ocaina, carib, chacobo, tacana, jaqaru, wapishana, campa, moxo, guarani, barasano, tucano, telugu, lak, brahui]).
	www.langmaker.com /db/ups_arabic.htm (690 words)

	Rendille (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		When the pharyngeal fricative 'H' would occur in preconsonantal position as the result of vowel deletion, metathesis applies and the fricative surfaces in prevocalic position, as in (a).
		The similarity between the pharyngeal fricative and a low vowel is well-established in the literature.
		That is, the realization of the pharyngeal fricative in prevocalic position, as opposed to postvocalic, preconsonantal position, strengthens the perceptibility of the consonant.
	www.ling.ohio-state.edu /~ehume/metathesis/Rendille.html (836 words)

	Phoneticians define phonation as use of the laryngeal system...
		The sound of this type produced at the glottis is called a "glottal stop".
		The voice source is used to change "intonation" and the "tone" of words by varying the subglottal pressure as well as the tension of the vocal folds.
		This leads to changes in the frequency of vibration, which are in turn perceived by the listener as modifications in "pitch" and/or in "loudness".
	www.geodatabase.de /Voiced (199 words)

	96-10: USMARC Character Set Issues and Mapping to Unicode/UCS
		In March 1999, the mapping for the character called Ayn in MARC (B0) was changed from that in this proposal.
		The MARC character B0 is used to represent both weak aspiration (romanized Chinese according to the Wade-Giles system) and the voiced pharyngeal fricative (romanized Arabic or Hebrew).
		In the Unicode standard, U+02BD represents "weak aspiration" and U+02BF represents "voiced pharyngeal fricative." The mapping of B0 was changed from U+02BF to U+02BB because the dual function of U+02BB (as an alternate for the transliterated representation of the ayn or for indication of weak aspiration) reflects the multiple uses of the MARC B0 character.
	www.loc.gov /marc/marbi/1996/96-10.html (1813 words)

	The Tower of Babel
		It is basically the same transcription as in Kibrik, Kodzasov 1988, 1990, but with an important distinction: glottalized consonants are marked with a ·, not with an apostrophe (monosymbolic writing places groups glottalization together with basic laryngeal features, such as voice or voicelessness, and distinguishes it from complementary features, like tenseness or palatalization).
		2) pharyngealization of vowels and consonants (marked with I).
		Usually it is rather difficult to decide (in any particular language that possesses this feature) whether it is a feature of consonants, vowels, or both (a prosodic feature), and the decision varies from language to language (see the discussion in Trubetzkoy 1931 and the comments on pp.
	starling.rinet.ru /Texts/pref1.htm (4337 words)

	CONK! Encyclopedia: Egyptian_hieroglyph (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		For instance, it's now thought the "3" may have been an [l] in Old Egyptian, and was lost by Middle Egyptian.
		The consonants transcribed as voiced (d, g, dj) may actually have been ejective (or, less likely, pharyngealized like the Semitic emphatic consonants).
		A good description can be found in Allen (2000).
	www.conk.com /search/encyclopedia.cgi?q=Egyptian_hieroglyph (1173 words)

	Language & Speech: John Esling
		The IPA categories "pharyngeal" and "epiglottal": Laryngoscopic observations of pharyngeal articulations and larynx height.
		The illustrations, as described in the article, show the intervocalic production of seven glottal and pharyngeal consonants - ihi, iʔi, iʡi, iʕi, iħi, iʜi and iʢi- in three larynx-height conditions (raised larynx voice, modal voice, lowered larynx voice).
		Because larynx height is a controlled parameter in this presentation, ʜ and ʢ are produced consistently with trilling (of the aryepiglottic folds against the epiglottal surface).
	web.uvic.ca /ling/research/phonetics/lands.htm (137 words)

	Benzene 4
		Strictly speaking, the sound of 'ayn is a voiced pharyngeal approximant.
		IPA does not have a symbol for this, so it's generally written instead with the symbol for the voiced pharyngeal fricative, which looks like a backward question mark without the dot (ʕ, if I can get your browser to show Unicode).
		[I'm no expert, but it seems to me that a true voiced pharyngeal fricative is unpronounceable, because the vocal cords can't vibrate if the pharynx is truly closed, and thus if it is to remain voiced the modification to an approximant is necessary.
	radio.weblogs.com /0134204/2004/08/21.html (3390 words)

	Egyptian hieroglyph Online Research :: Information about Egyptian hieroglyph (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The consonants transcribed as Voiced (d, g, dj) may actually have been Ejective (or, less likely, Pharyngeal like the Semitic Emphatic consonant).
		an arm Ë a called ayin, a Voiced pharyngeal fricative perhaps Voiced alveolar plosive Voiced pharyngeal fricative ; [d] perhaps retained in some words and dialects
		a twisted wick á¸¥ h an emphatic h, a Voiceless pharyngeal fricative Voiceless pharyngeal fricative
	in-northcarolina.com /search/Egyptian_hieroglyph.html (1598 words)

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