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Topic: Voiceless retroflex plosive

	Retroflex consonant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The tongue may be flat, with the blade of the tongue (the top surface of the tongue near the tip) touching the roof of the mouth, as in Polish cz, sz, ż and Mandarin ch, zh, sh.
		Retroflex consonants are common in the Indo-Aryan languages and the Dravidian languages; and can also be found in languages such as Mandarin Chinese, Javanese, Vietnamese, Swedish, Norwegian and some languages of Southern Italy and Sardinia.
		Note: In the International Phonetic Alphabet, the symbols for retroflex consonants are typically the same as for the alveolar consonants, but with the addition of a right-facing hook to the bottom of the symbol.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Retroflex_consonant (548 words)

	CONK! Encyclopedia: Plosive_consonant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A stop, plosive, or occlusive is a consonant sound produced by stopping the airflow in the vocal tract.
		The term plosive is reserved for oral (non-nasal) stops: that is, stops with a release burst.
		Initial voiceless plosives, like the p in pie, are aspirated, with a palpable puff of air upon release, while a plosive after an s, as in spy, is tenuis.
	www.conk.com /search/encyclopedia.cgi?q=Plosive_consonant (989 words)

	VOICELESS RETROFLEX PLOSIVE FACTS AND INFORMATION
		Its manner_of_articulation is plosive or stop, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract.
		Its place_of_articulation is retroflex, which prototypically means it is articulated with the tip of the tongue curled up, but more generally means that it is postalveolar without being palatalized.
		Its phonation type is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
	www.witwib.com /voiceless_retroflex_plosive (310 words)

	Voiceless retroflex plosive explained (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The voiceless retroflex plosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages.
		Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward pointing hook extending from the bottom of the symbol used for the equivalent alveolar consonant, in this case the voiceless alveolar plosive which has the symbol t.
		Features of this consonant: * Its manner of articulation is plosive or stop, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract.
	www.wordspider.net /vo/voiceless-retroflex-plosive.html (514 words)

	International Phonetic Alphabet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Nasal consonant ; Bilabial nasal Labiodental nasal Alveolar nasal Retroflex nasal Palatal nasal Velar nasal Uvular nasal
		Trill consonant ; Bilabial trill Alveolar trill Retroflex trill Uvular trill Epiglottal trill
		Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative Voiceless palatalized postalveolar (alveolo-palatal) fricative
	www.carolinamaps.net /search/IPA.html (4510 words)

	Articles - Voiceless retroflex plosive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Its manner of articulation is plosive or stop, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract.
		Its place of articulation is retroflex, which prototypically means it is articulated with the tip of the tongue curled up, but more generally means that it is postalveolar without being palatalized.
		The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.
	www.izeez.com /articles/Voiceless_retroflex_plosive (326 words)

	iqexpand.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The voiceless palatal plosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages.
		voiceless palatal plosive voiceless pharyngeal fricative voiceless postalveolar fricative voiceless retroflex fricative voiceless retroflex plosive voiceless uvular fricative voiceless uvular plosive...
		Voiceless palatal lateral fricative Voiceless palatal plosive Voiceless palatal-velar fricative Voiceless pharyngeal fricative Voiceless postalveolar affricate Voiceless postalveolar fricative Voiceless...
	voiceless_palatal_plosive.iqexpand.com (496 words)

	Read about Stop consonant at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Stop consonant and learn about Stop consonant here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Release or explosion: The closure is suddenly opened; the released airflow produces a sudden impulse causing an audible sound (hence the name plosive).
		Voiceless stops can be considered to have a voice onset time of zero, meaning voicing begins as soon as the stop is released.
		A fortis stop (in the narrow sense) is produced with more muscular tension than a lenis stop (in the narrow sense).
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Plosive_consonant (723 words)

	How to pronounce Hebrew
		Voiceless retroflex plosive This admittedly is a tricky one - the other contender was voiceless pharyngealized dental plosive, analagous to sade, but I couldn't pronounce it (so I'm not perfect!).
		Voiceless labiodental fricative f Although (as for beth) the more logical choice might have been the unvoiced bilabial fricative (as Ancient Greek "phi"), this is not at all attested in Hebrew; all modern pronounciations have /f/ (except Babylonian which has aspirated /p/, but this seems borrowed, since no other Semitic languages use aspiration).
		Perhaps sin should be a voiceless retroflex fricative, but this is not attested in any Semitic languages, to my knowledge.
	ir.iit.edu /~argamon/hebrew.html (704 words)

	The International Phonetic Alphabet
		The release is usually the most audible part of the plosive, and it is for this reason that final plosives tend to vanish, especially voiceless ones (their release is suppressed, and then the entire plosive is reduced to very little).
		In the case of a voiceless plosive, this is merely a period of silence.
		Retroflex sounds are not found in English as such, but some postalveolar consonants tend to have a certain retroflex quality about them, for example the ‘r’.
	www.madore.org /~david/misc/linguistic/ipa (7060 words)

	Retroflex (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		That is, in a retroflex articulation, either the tip of the tongue touches the postalveolar region (in Mandarin Chinese and Hindi), or it curls back so that the underside of the tip touches the roof of the mouth in the postalveolar-palatal region (in Tamil).
		For example, the Iwaidja language of northwestern Australia has a retroflex lateral flap ([ɺ]) as well as a retroflex tap [ɽ] and retroflex lateral approximant [ɭ]; and the Dravidian language Toda has a retroflex lateral fricative ([ɬ]).
		Because of the regularity of deriving retroflex symbols from their alveolar counterparts, people will occasionally use a font editor to create the appropriate symbols for these sounds.
	www.apawn.com /search.php?title=Retroflex (309 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The vowel /a/ before voiceless consonant is longest and /o/ is the shortest.
		The vowel /o:/ before the voiceless consonant is the longest and the vowel /u:/ is the shortest.
		A vowel preceded by an aspirated plosive is shorter than the same vowel proceeded by an unaspirated plosive.
	www.colips.org /conference/cocosda2003/proceedings/dusingoct17.doc (1784 words)

	Voiced retroflex fricative Definition / Voiced retroflex fricative Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		.Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward pointing hook extending from the bottom of the symbol used for the equivalent alveolar consonant, in this case the voiced alveolar fricative which has the symbol z.
		voiced retroflex fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages.
		voiced retroflex fricative is a type of al.
	www.elresearch.com /Voiced_retroflex_fricative (280 words)

	Stop consonant - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		finally, the closure is suddenly opened; the released airflow produces a sudden impulse in pressure (hence the name plosive) causing an audible sound.
		This third phase is called release of the stop.
		Note that the terms prenasalization and postnasalization are normally only used in languages where these sounds are not analyzed into sequences of oral stop and nasal stop.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Plosive (514 words)

	Plosive_consonant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In many languages, such as Vietnamese, final stops lack a release burst.
		Note that the terms prenasalization and postnasalization are normally only used in languages where these sounds are not analyzed into sequences of plosive and nasal stop.
		Here are some of the oral stops (plosives) and their symbols in the IPA.) See also the nasal stops.
	www.apawn.com /search.php?title=Plosive_consonant (988 words)

	[Assam] Transliteration Of Assamese Sounds
		Voiced Aveolar Plosive (Lower case D) ddho or Dho....
		Voiceless Retroflex Plosive (T with Right Tail) tho............
		Voiceless Glottal Fricative (Lower Case H) ksho or xo.....
	www.mail-archive.com /assam@pikespeak.uccs.edu/msg04904.html (592 words)

	Computer-coding the IPA: a proposed extension of SAMPA
		Thus for example the voiced velar fricative (gamma) becomes G, the voiced uvular plosive G\, and the velarization diacritic _G (so that for example velarized d appears as d_G).
		K\ labiodental approximant P (or v\) alveolar approximant r\ retroflex approximant r\` velar approximant M\ retroflex lateral approximant l` palatal lateral approximant L velar lateral approximant L\
		H voiceless epiglottal fricative H\ voiced epiglottal fricative
	www.phon.ucl.ac.uk /home/sampa/x-sampa.htm (725 words)

	IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) -- Unicode Inputter
		d LOWER-CASE D Voiced dental or alveolar plosive
		ɧ HOOKTOP HENG Simultaneous voiceless postalveolar and velar fricative
		ɬ BELTED L Voiceless dental or alveolar lateral fricative (Welsh llan)
	users.ox.ac.uk /~tayl0010/ipa-inputter.htm (419 words)

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