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	Island Superlatives
		An island in a crater lake on Volcano Island, Lake Taal, Luzon, in the Philippines, is often said to be the largest island in a lake on an island in a lake on an island, but the one in Newfoundland is about twice as large.
		The reservoir was formed by the damming of a river to flood a 210 million-year-old meteor crater, whose central uplift became the island.
		Tristan da Cunha, a 38 sq mi / 98 sq km volcanic island in the South Atlantic with a population of 300, is 1,320 miles / 2,120 km from the island of St. Helena, the nearest inhabited land, and 1,700 miles / 2,740 km from the nearest continent, Africa.
	www.worldislandinfo.com /SUPERLATIVESV2.html (2194 words)

	Panarea volcanic island, Italy
		While the eastern and southern parts of the island have relatively flat coastal areas marked by three important morphological steps (terraces formed by marine erosion when the sea level relative to the island was higher than today), the western and northwestern sides are extremely steep, in places vertical.
		The volcanics outcropping in the steep cliff and on the islet were produced by a single large lava dome complex.
		View is from the summit area of the island; in the background are the islands of Basiluzzo and, in the distance, Stromboli.
	boris.vulcanoetna.com /PANAREA.html (2567 words)

	Nisyros, Greece (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The island of Nisyros is a stratovolcano at the eastern end of the Hellenic island arc.
		This arc of volcanoes is related to the northward subduction of the African plate beneath the Aegean microplate.
		The base of the island is made of hyaloclastite, lava flows, and breccias, mostly of andesite composition.
	volcano.und.nodak.edu /vwdocs/volc_images/europe_west_asia/nisyros.html (541 words)

	Tsunami Generation from Volcanic Sources - Dr. George Pararas-Carayannis
		Volcanic flank failures may result from isostatic load adjustments, extensive erosion, gaseous pressures, violent phreatomagmatic eruptions, magmastatic pressures, gravitational collapses of magmatic chambers, dike and cryptodome intrusions, as well as from buildup of hydrothermal and supra hydrostatic pore fluid pressures.
		Furthermore, on oceanic island volcanoes, this mechanism tends to initiate primarily sub aerial collapses which may be usually limited to the upper flanks or along secondary vents along the rift, which may be nearer to the coast.
		Geochemistry of the Lesser Antilles volcanic island arc.
	www.drgeorgepc.com /TsunamiVolcanicMechanisms.html (4657 words)

	Island Directory Home Page
		Islands have long been noted for their unique fauna and flora which are particularly vulnerable to disturbance and destruction by human activities.
		Small islands close to and not differing from nearby larger land areas are not listed separately, whereas remote islands of similar size are generally covered.
		Finally, islands in shallow water (with depths of less than 100 metres to an adjacent land mass) have only been islands since the last ice ages, with less opportunity to develop unique biological features, and are thus not treated in the same detail.
	islands.unep.ch /isldir.htm (2646 words)

	EO Newsroom: New Images - Island Evolution, Part 1: Pitcairn Island
		The island shown here is Pitcairn Island, the island on which the sailors from the British ship HMS Bounty settled after their mutiny in 1790.
		In the general pattern of island development in the tropics, coral begins to grow on the shallow, submerged portion of the volcanic island.
		Island Evolution, Part 2: Oeno Island is the second in a three-part series of images that illustrates the evolution of tropical islands to atolls.
	earthobservatory.nasa.gov /Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17348 (547 words)

	Natural Skincare With Volcanic Ash: Health benefits of Sulphur in volcanic ash.
		Volcanic ash has been used for centuries by the native Melanesians and Polynesians for the treatment of a wide variety of infections due to its anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-yeast and overall disinfectant qualities.
		Volcanic ash particles are finely crushed and may be as small as 1/1,000th of an inch (or 0.025mm).
		Our main reason for selling volcanic ash is to assist the local villages in these outer islands whose crops and livelihoods are adversely affected by volcanic ash fallout from active volcanoes on their home island.
	www.volcanicearth.com /volcanicash.html (887 words)

	Cooks Island: Travel to Cooks Island: Plan your Trips and Journeys
		The Cook Islands (Cook Islands Maori: Kuki 'Airani) are a self-governing parliamentary democracy in free association with New Zealand.
		The Cook Islands became a British protectorate at their own request in 1888, then were transferred to New Zealand in 1901.
		The islands fall into two groups: the scattered Northern Group are all coral atolls while the Southern Group is of volcanic origin.
	goto-cook-islands.com (949 words)

	CVO Menu - America's Volcanic Past - Maine
		A variety of volcanic rocks give clues to an ancient past when this part of the earth's crust was being formed.
		Volcanic rocks and distinctive fossil shells show that some of Maine's rocks formed on volcanic islands in a wide ocean that no longer exists.
		This means that the volcanic eruptions that produced the Cushing Formation occurred before the Himalayas or Alps had formed, before the Atlantic Ocean existed, before the dinosaurs lived, and before the first land plants had evolved.
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /LivingWith/VolcanicPast/Places/volcanic_past_maine.html (3725 words)

	CVO Menu - North Pacific Volcanic Islands
		A close scientific examination of Guam reveals four main physical divisions to the island: the northern limestone plateau, the dissected volcanic plateau in the south, the south-central basin area and the fringing reef areas of the coastal lowlands.
		Magmas that form island arcs are produced by the partial melting of the descending plate and/or the overlying oceanic lithosphere.
		The northern volcanic islands were sold to Germany in 1898, occupied by Japan between the two World Wars, and named a Trust Territory by the UN in 1947 administered by the U.S. The islands became a self-governing US commonwealth in 1975.
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /Volcanoes/NorthPacific/description_north_pacific_volcanic_islands.html (2014 words)

	Crustal Overturn and Volcanic Island Chains
		The Island of Mull, a fossil volcano, sits on its own off the west coast of Scotland, but there is no chain of younger volcanoes leading to currently active ones.
		The volcanic island chains of the Pacific may have much more to do with stresses in a very large oceanic plate that result from a major crustal movement event.
		Volcanic systems outside this main stress zone, and even many of those inside it need not have been triggered by the crustal overturn.
	www.peter-thomson.co.uk /ice-ages/Crustal_Overturn_and_Volcanic_Island_Chains.html (450 words)

	Lord Howe Island
		The island’s preservation was assured by Victorian-era descriptions of “this gem of the sea” when reports were brought back to the Australian mainland regarding the progress of the multiracial settlers who had arrived in the 1830s.
		The island’s climate is subtropical, with temperatures rising from an average low of 16°C to 19°C in winter, 26°C in the summer, and an annual rainfall of 1650mm.
		When the colony visits the island between August and March each female lays a single speckled egg on the bare ground, which means that the actual summit has to be closed for the birds’ protection.
	www.pacificislandtravel.com /australia/newsouthwales/lordhoweisland.asp (2558 words)

	Cook Islands Beach Holidays - (BeautifulPacific.com)
		Many regard the Cook Islands as the Hawaii of 40 years ago - an idyllic holiday paradise yet to be discovered and be spoiled by mass tourism.
		Rarotonga is the main tourist destination, a high volcanic island with rugged mountains covered in dense tropical rain forest.
		The island is easy to explore taking only an hour to travel around by car although most of the islands population and tourists travel by moped.
	www.cook-islands.beach-pacific.com (697 words)

	Easter Island's Mysteries
		Easter Island has generated an amazing amount of theories and speculations, and many of these are based upon perceived “mysteries” of the statues and controversy over ‘who done it?’ Most conjectures revolve around diffusionist theories (people from elsewhere came to the island and carved the statues and built the shrines).
		The real “mystery” of Easter Island is why so many people feel compelled to fabricate such fabulous and extraordinary “solutions” when we know who built the shrines and carved the statues, we know how the ancient Polynesians got to the island, and we know (in general outline) their history.
		The statues were carved on the island from volcanic tuff, basalt, trachyte, and scoria—all of which is present on the island.
	www.islandheritage.org /mysteries.html (3618 words)

	Australian volcanic island erupts - National - theage.com.au
		The volcanic activity is changing the shape of the island and ultimately changing the environmental make-up of its cold and windswept surface.
		Senator Campbell said the island was previously inhabited by macaroni penguins.
		The island is within the Heard Island and McDonald Islands (HIMI) Marine Reserve, one of the world's biggest marine reserves.
	www.theage.com.au /news/national/australian-volcanic-island-erupts/2005/08/10/1123353361783.html (373 words)

	Bouvet Island travel guide - Wikitravel (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Bouvet Island is an uninhabited 58.5 sq km volcanic, mostly inaccessible, island in the Southern Ocean, south-southwest of the Cape of Good Hope.
		It is small (58.5 km^2) volcanic island that rises sharply from the ocean, with cliffs up to 500 meters high.
		Since the entire island is a nature reserve, it's likely that you will be denied permission, if the purpose of entering is just tourism, although usually you won't find anybody of the Norwegian immigration office in the island to refuse your entry.
	wikitravel.org /en/Bouvet_Island (542 words)

	Cook Islands Travel and Accommodation Guide
		Cook Islands Travel is the one-stop resource for independent-minded travellers to this exotic south pacific destination.
		Our Cook Islands Accommodation Guide will advise you on everything from property styles and the price you can expect to pay, to a comprehensive directory of cook islands accommodation and an independent review of where to stay.
		Other islands in the Southern Group include Mangaia, the oldest of the Cook islands, Mauke and Mitiaro which are also uplifted limestone islands and the remote Palmerston Atoll which lies almost 310 miles to the north of Aitutaki.
	www.cook.islands-travel.com (428 words)

	Drilling Project To Plumb Million Years Of Volcanic Island History
		The primary scientific objective of the project is to learn more about the phenomenon known as mantle plumes, which are jets of very hot, solid rock material that rise through the interior of the earth from a depth of almost 3,000 kilometers.
		Mantle plumes are believed to be responsible for the volcanism in Hawaii, which occurs in the middle of one of the large tectonic plates that constitute Earth's crust.
		Most Earth volcanism occurs at the edges of plates, either at the mid-ocean ridges, where plates split apart, or in the Pacific Ring of Fire and related features, where plates come together.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1999-03/UoH-DPTP-120399.php (863 words)

	Surtsey, Iceland
		Surtsey is 33 km south of the main island of Iceland and 20 km southwest of Heimaey.
		Lava flows extended the island to the south and protected the underlying tephra from wave erosion.
		The subsidence is probably the result of compaction of the volcanic material that makes the volcano, compaction of the sea-floor sediments under the volcano, and possibly downwarping of the lithosphere due to the weight of the volcano.
	volcano.und.edu /vwdocs/volc_images/europe_west_asia/surtsey.html (865 words)

	Tsunamis of Volcanic Origin in the Lesser Antilles Islands of the Caribbean - Dr. George Pararas-Carayannis
		Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, volcanic island flank failures and underwater slides have generated numerous destructive tsunamis in the Caribbean region.
		Convergent, compressional and collisional tectonic activity caused primarily from the eastward movement of the Caribbean Plate in relation to the North American, Atlantic and South American Plates, is responsible for zones of subduction in the region, the formation of island arcs and the evolution of particular volcanic centers on the overlying plate.
		Devastation of the town of St. Pierre on Martinique Island by a Nuee Ardente of the 1902 eruption of Mt. Pelée.
	www.drgeorgepc.com /TsunamiVolcanicOrigin.html (2372 words)

	CNN.com - Tokyo readies for evacuation of volcanic island - August 30, 2000
		MIYAKE ISLAND, Japan (AP) -- An earthquake and small eruption rocked a volcanic island south of Tokyo early Wednesday, and naval forces stationed a destroyer off the coast in preparation for a quick evacuation.
		The central government also allocated $190 million for disaster relief on the Izu island chain, which includes Miyake Island, and in the area surrounding a volcano that erupted earlier this year on the northern island of Hokkaido.
		On the island, residents wearing towels over their faces were busy sweeping up 6 inches of ash from their cars and yards.
	archives.cnn.com /2000/ASIANOW/east/08/30/japan.volcano.ap (692 words)

	Krakatau Volcanic Island (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ancient Krakatau was estimated 2,000 meters in height and radius of 9 kms.
		Today you can come and step your foot on it searching closely the minerals (Volcanic bomb, lava, lappili) from the bottom of the earth which were thrown up through its creater.
		Krakatau and its terific eruption which is recorded in the history now invites every one to come and witness for science as well as for pleasure.
	www.irfamedia.com /lampung/krakatau.htm (434 words)

	"Lost Kingdom" Discovered on Volcanic Island in Indonesia
		Summary Scientists have announced the discovery of a small "kingdom" thought to have been destroyed by the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history.
		Scientists announced today the discovery of a small "kingdom" on the Indonesian island of Sumbawa thought to have been obliterated by the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history.
		Pompeii is an Italian village buried by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. Excavations there have yielded exquisitely preserved artifacts and insight to ancient Roman culture.
	news.nationalgeographic.com /news/2006/02/0227_060227_lost_kingdom.html (501 words)

	Natural History (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The last volcanic eruptions occurred about 7 million years ago and since that time the island has been sculpted into its present form by the forces of erosion.
		The oldest volcanic rocks on St. Helena are about 14 million years old and are exposed in the northeastern part of the island and form the Northeastern Volcanic Centre which remained active until about 11 million years ago.
		At that time the centre of volcanic activity jumped to the southwestern part of the island where activity persisted until 7 million years ago; the volcanic products of the Southwestern Volcanic Centre have been divided into three separate phases of activity.
	ags.ou.edu /~bweaver/Ascension/sh-nat.htm (516 words)

	EO Newsroom: New Images - Volcanic Activity on Montagu Island
		The volcanic island of Montagu is the largest of the remote South Sandwich Islands in the Southern Atlantic.
		Montagu rises roughly 3,000 meters from the ocean floor between the islands of Bristol and Saunders.
		Most of the island is covered with ice, and its glaciers often form vertical cliffs on their way to the sea.
	earthobservatory.nasa.gov /Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17466 (255 words)

	Fredrik and Crew on Maiken: Stone sea and volcano
		you oughta be the ones allowed to name the new island, inasmuch as you seem to have been the folks who 'discovered it...
		I was struck by both the sense of fear one must have felt being so close to a very active volcanic area in a yacht, and the wonderous discovery to be the first humans to see a new landmass emerge from the ocean.
		thanks for the beautiful pictures, what a wonderful experience to witness such an event like this especially a new island, do you think the king of tonga should name the island after you, that would be nice i hope you've enjoyed your trip to the friendly island of tonga especially vava'u.
	yacht-maiken.blogspot.com /2006/08/stone-sea-and-volcano.html (3269 words)

	Newsvine - Pacific Ocean Gives Birth to New Volcanic Island (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Pacific Ocean has given birth to a new volcanic island near Tonga, according to ocean-going eyewitnesses.
		believed they were the first to see a volcanic island forming a day out from Neiafu, Tonga, while sailing towards Fiji in August, the Matangi Tonga news website reported Wednesday.
		One mile in diameter and with four peaks and a central crater smoking with steam and once in a while an outburst high in the sky with lava and ashes.
	super-structure.newsvine.com /_news/2006/11/09/435147-pacific-ocean-gives-birth-to-new-volcanic-island (177 words)

	Pacific Ocean Islands
		Coralline beach on volcanic island with fringing reef.
		Pacific Ocean globes Tourism Hostels Interactive Maps of Asia, streets Countries of the continent, lakes, Australia, New Zealand Fiji Coralline beach on volcanic island with fringing reef.
		Truk, Caroline Islands political atla, mapa mundi, countries ofAsia Lakes.
	www.maps-oceania.com /globes.htm (2470 words)

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