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Topic: Volcanic Plateau

	USGS Geology in the Parks
		The Columbia Plateau province is enveloped by one of the worlds largest accumulations of lava.
		However, the focus of volcanism at Yellowstone in the Columbia Plateau Province is far inland from the subduction zone that lies along the Oregon and Washington coast.
		They found that the youngest volcanic rocks were clustered near the Yellowstone Plateau, and that the farther west they went, the older the lavas.
	wrgis.wr.usgs.gov /docs/usgsnps/province/columplat.html (740 words)

	Terrain. The World Factbook. 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coralline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water), with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low hills in center, mountains in south
		mostly plateau interspersed with mountain peaks, icefields; coast deeply indented by bays and fiords
		volcanic island, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland
	www.bartleby.com /151/fields/11.html (2803 words)

	Ukvolc
		Volcanism, is thought to have started to the west of Britain in the Late Jurassic and local sites in the North Sea Basin were active through the Late Jurassic into the Early Cretaceous.
		Volcanic ash would have been blown clear of the vent, but coarser lava or agglomerate, comprising pebbles, cobble or boulder sized blocks of rock would have remained within the confines of the crater, which may have been several kilometres in width.
		The volcanic pipe, which was the conduit through which the lava was erupted, forms the bulk of Arthur's Seat itself, and the lava flows which form the flanks of the volcano are exposed on the eastern side of the park (left hand side of the ilustration above, which is looking South).
	www.geologyshop.co.uk /ukvolc.htm (4372 words)

	National Park Service: A Survey of the Recreational Resources of the Colorado River Basin (Chapter 2)
		Features of the adjoining volcanic field that deserve mention because of their unusual character are the "squeeze ups" and ice cave near Sunset Crater, the large lava tube known as Government Cave, and the Grand Falls of the Little Colorado formed by a lava dam.
		Examination of the volcanic rocks along the western margin of the field, that is, in the San Carlos and Fort Apache Indian Reservations, shows that strata of sedimentary rocks upon which the lavas rest are progressively younger and higher in altitude from south to north.
		Although these volcanic fields are small beside the San Franciscan and White Mountain fields to the southeast, they contain many elements of interest, especially in areas where the lavas and craters are in proximity to the rim of Grand Canyon.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/colorado/chap2c.htm (4218 words)

	CVO Menu - America's Volcanic Past - Washington State
		Volcanic rocks range in composition from basaltic rocks that are dense, fine grained, dark colored, and contain large quantities of iron and manganese to silicic volcanic rocks that generally are coarse grained, light colored, and contain large quantities of silica.
		The undifferentiated volcanic rocks, which are present in all three States, are a heterogeneous mixture that ranges from basaltic to rhyolitic in composition and commonly are thick flows.
		Volcanism began approximately 3.2 million years ago with eruption of at least 650 meters of high-silica rhyolite tuff (perhaps a caldera fill), which is exposed on the east flank of the subsequent Goat Rocks volcano.
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /LivingWith/VolcanicPast/Places/volcanic_past_washington_state.html (6000 words)

	CVO Menu - America's Volcanic Past - California
		Volcanic rocks of the Cascade Range lie to the east, Cretaceous sediments lie to the southeast, and Franciscan and younger Coast Range formations lie to the west.
		Volcanic eruptions in the Cima field first began about 7.6 million years ago and continued until at least as recently as 10,000 years ago (based on the K-Ar dating method), near the end of the most recent ice age.
		The plateau, which is cut by numerous shallow depressions and canyons, displays a variety of volcanic rock faces and exposures.
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /LivingWith/VolcanicPast/Places/volcanic_past_california.html (11736 words)

	[No title]
		These plateaus are drained by the Colorado River and its tributaries; the eastern and southern margin by the Rio Grande and its tributaries, and the western by streams that flow into the Great Basin and are lost in the Great Salt Lake and other bodies of water that have no drainage to the sea.
		On the north is the Tavaputs; on the west is the Wasatch Plateau, which lies to the south of the Wasatch Mountains and is here the west boundary of the Plateau Province; on the south are indescribable mesas and mountains; on the east is Grand River, a placid stream meandering through a valley of meadows.
		On descending to the plateau, I found that a great storm had swept the land, and the dry arroyos of the day before were the channels of a thousand streams of tawny water, born of the ocean of vapor which had invaded the land before my vision.
	www.knowledgerush.com /pg/etext05/7clcn10.txt (22629 words)

	Volcanic Plateau - Wikitravel
		The Volcanic Plateau is an area in the Central North Island of New Zealand.
		It is a relatively uninhabited area of the country that lies to the south of Lake Taupo and is dominated by the volcanic cones of Ruapehu, Tongariro and Ngarahoe.
		The plateau was formed by the eruption of the super-volcano that formed, and is, Lake Taupo.
	wikitravel.org /en/Volcanic_Plateau (131 words)

	Catalogue: Mount Edziza (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Throughout the length of the volcanic complex, numerous eruptions have occurred within the last 10 000 years (or since the end of the last ice age).
		Desolation lava field, covering 150 km² on the northern end of the volcanic plateau, is the largest area of young lava flows.
		All three hydrothermal areas are near the youngest lava fields on the plateau and are probably associated with the most recent volcanic activity at Mount Edziza.
	nrcan.gc.ca /gsc/pacific/vancouver/volcanoes/catalogue/16_6_cata_e.php (608 words)

	Caribbean Research Group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The geochemistry of island arc sequences associated with the Caribbean plateau and implications for the evolution of the Caribbean region.
		Andrew Kerr: The geochemistry and structure of the plateau sequences seen on Curaçao, Colombia, and geochemistry of the Cretaceous volcanics of Cuba.
		KERR, A.C., TARNEY, J., MARRINER, G.F., KLAVER, G.Th, SAUNDERS, A.D. and THIRLWALL, M.F. The geochemistry and petrogenesis of the late-Cretaceous picrites and basalts of Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles: remnant of an oceanic plateau.
	www.le.ac.uk /geology/pmet1/CaribbeanGroup.html (2112 words)

	Cycling: Volcanic and Isolated Caja del Rio - ALTREC.COM
		The volcanic hills of the Caja del Rio plateau create a roller coaster surface that is made for speed and cheap thrills.
		Some of the latter were used to drive cattle from the woodlands of the plateau to the railroad in Santa Fe.
		The basalts on the plateau were placed in the same type of eruptions as those that frequently occur in Hawaii.
	www.altrec.com /published/cycle/southwest/volcanicandisolatedcajadelrio (1733 words)

	BEST volcanic fishers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		On July 30 1998, a Coelacanth was caught in a deep-water shark net by local fishers off the volcanic island of Manado Tua in northern Sulawesi...
		Fishers Tower a volcanic plug that guards the entrance to the gorge, Raptor nesting in cliffs, Spectacular gorge walk, hot springs, scenic...
		Volcanic Heartland: Rotorua, Taupo, Tongariro - The extraordinary...
	www.huntforsuper.info /metal-detector-2000/volcanic-fishers.html (223 words)

	Volcanic history of the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field, Wyoming
		The volcanism most directly identified with the Yellowstone region has, during about the past 2 million years, built an immense volcanic plateau that straddles a high mountain divide—the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field.
		Yellowstone's volcanism is only the most recent in a 17 million-year history of volcanic activity that has occurred progressively from southwestern Idaho to Yellowstone National Park.
		Postcollapse volcanism includes the extrusion of rhyolite lavas and smaller explosive eruptions of pyroclastic flows within or adjacent to the the caldera.
	volcanoes.usgs.gov /yvo/history.html (1527 words)

	Volcanic plateaus. (from continent) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Columbia Plateau of the Pacific Northwest, the Deccan “Traps” of India, and the Ethiopian Plateau of Africa are examples.
		Most oceanic plateaus were named early in the 20th century prior to the invention of sonic sounding, and many of these features have been shown by modern bathymetric data to be...
		Volcanic and Seismic Hazards on the Island of Hawaii
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article?tocId=199147&ct=eb (914 words)

	Lithologic Age-Group Magnetopolarity and Geochemical Maps of Springville Volcanic Field, east-central Arizona (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Springerville volcanic field is one of the many late Pliocene to Holocene, mostly basaltic, volcanic fields present near the Colorado Plateau margin (fig.
		Early volcanism (age group 1) is represented by six units (1.3 percent of the volcanic area) dominated by tholeiitic chemistry; if the flows of Volcanic Mountain were included, this bias would be even greater (about 4 percent).
		Volcanism was greatest during the time of age group 4 formation (47 percent of the field emplaced); during this interval tholeiitic eruptions declined, alkalic basalt volcanism peaked (about 30 percent), and evolved alkalic rock eruptions started to increase in volume.
	geopubs.wr.usgs.gov /i-map/i2431 (1426 words)

	NAME Atiu Swamps and Lake Tiroto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The undulating volcanic plateau in the centre of the island reaches a peak at 91 m.
		Three large areas of swamp fringe much of the northern half of the plateau, and there is a permanent freshwater lake (Tiroto), a few ha in extent, and a small marsh along the southern edge of the plateau.
		The volcanic interior of the island is intensively cultivated.
	www.unep-wcmc.org /sites/wetlands/atiu_tir.htm (401 words)

	NZGeoAnswers, volcanoes: Geology Department, University of Otago, New Zealand
		Initial volcanism associated with this is also found on the flanks, in MW scotland and in E Greenland.
		Volcanic activity also can form valuable deposits of metal ores, or of pumice or cinders that are of value for construction.
		It is an "intraplate" volcanic field, similar to the Victoria volcanic field in southeastern Australia in that respect.
	www.otago.ac.nz /geology/askus/previous-volc.htm (4401 words)

	Taupo North Island New Zealand. Taupo, Central Volcanic Plateau, Ruapehu, Tongariro National Park, Whakapapa, Turoa, ...
		Dramatically different to the characteristically fertile bush land of the North Island, the Central Plateau is a testament to New Zealand’s turbulent volcanic past.
		North of the volcanic region lay the vast waters of Lake Taupo.
		The massive crater which formed the lake was the aftermath of a colossal volcanic eruption, and the region still bubbles with geothermal activity.
	www.fourcorners.co.nz /new-zealand/Taupo (597 words)

	Behncke (2000) Paleocoastlines in volcanic facies and karst phenomena, Hyblean Plateau (SE Sicily)
		Facies changes in volcanic deposits, especially when recording transitions from submarine to subaerial deposition and vice versa, are among the best indicators of palaeocoastlines and palaeoenvironmental changes, and thus may yield crucial information about palaeoaquifers leading to kars formation.
		Multiple eruptive events occurred on the Hyblean Plateau in SE Sicily during the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene in a shallow marine to subaerial environment, before the area became submerged and was covered by a thick sequence of marine carbonate sediments.
		At least two volcanic events are known during which deposition was at least partially subaerial, one in the late Pliocene and the other in the early Pleistocene.
	boris.vulcanoetna.com /Behncke2000.html (265 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Northland temperate forests (AA0405) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Known as the Volcanic Plateau, this ecoregion is an untamed and stunning area filled with volcanoes, domes, high lava plateaus, and lake-filled calderas (craters formed by volcanic explosions).
		Instead, forests immediately outside the Volcanic Plateau are dominated by podocarps, which form a high canopy.
		In their mythology, the male volcanoes of the Taupo Volcanic Zone argued over a female volcano and spread out to avoid the explosive wrath of the most powerful male suitor.
	www.nationalgeographic.com /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/aa/aa0405.html (450 words)

	[No title]
		The Owyhee Plateau (OP) is a volcanic plateau centered on the joint boundaries of Oregon, Idaho, and Nevada.
		The Yellowstone Plateau is located at the northeastern end-point of the SRP, in the northwest corner of Wyoming.
		The Owyhee volcanic plateau was formed by rhyolitic volcanic events over a short period of time during the Miocene.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/pciesiel/gly3150/snake.html (564 words)

	Volcanic Plateau District - Waitangi Tribunal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		District 7 (the volcanic plateau) comprises approximately 2.5 million acres in the centre of the North Island and takes in Lake Taupo and the Rotorua lakes (which together cover some 190,000 acres).
		The boundary line extends from Lakes Rotoehu and Rotomā in the north-east to Mount Ruapehu in the south-west, following the Rangitaiki River, Whirinaki Forest, and the Kaimanawa Range to the south-east and the Pureora Forest to the north- west.
		For a summary of land losses in district 7, readers are referred to Professor Alan Ward's National Overview and, for a fuller discussion, to the Rangahaua Whānui Volcanic Plateau district report.
	www.waitangi-tribunal.govt.nz /inquiries/rangahauawhanui/volcanicplateau.asp (126 words)

	Auckland Field, New Zealand (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Monogenetic volcanic fields form by numerous single episode eruptions at independent vents.
		The Auckland Field is about 220 miles (350 km) north of the subduction zone that produces the Taupo Volcanic Zone and thought to be the result of intraplate volcanism (Johnson and others, 1989).
		Heming, R.F., and Barnet, P.R., 1986, The petrology and petrochemistry of the Auckland volcanic field: Roy.
	volcano.und.nodak.edu /vwdocs/volc_images/australia/new_zealand/auckland_field.html (375 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Taos Volcanic Field is the largest volcanic field within the Rio Grande Rift (Figure 1, location).
		On the north it terminates near the Colorado border and on the south squeezes into the narrow constriction between the Taos basin and the Espanola basin.
		Geologic Map of the Taos Plateau Volcanic Field overlain on the shaded relief.
	www.nmmnh-abq.mus.nm.us /nmmnh/volcano/taos.html (576 words)

	Volcanic Plateau Hunting : Nature and Outdoor Activities in Tongariro National Pack
		Three striking landmarks dominate the Central North Island skyline in the region known as the Volcanic Plateau.
		Deer are present in moderate numbers in all the Volcanic Plateau beech and podocarp forests and good trophies are quite common, especially in the Pihanga-Kakaramea and Tongariro Forest areas.
		Sika deer are widespread in the Kaimanawas and rapidly infiltrating the other forests, sometimes supplanting reds due to their aggressive nature and heavy browsing.
	www.newzealandnz.co.nz /hunting/volcanic-plateau.html (409 words)

	Forsyth, Mackenzie: Limnology of Opal Lake
		Abstract Opal Lake, a cold, acid lake on the central volcanic plateau of the North Island, New Zealand, had an average pH of 4.3 and was highly eutrophic.
		The mean standing crop of macroinvertebrates was 6240 per square metre; this was higher than in other eutrophic lakes in the region and comprised more than 98% chironomid larvae represented by 4 species.
		The fauna was more diverse than in more acid lakes of the.central volcanic plateau.
	www.rsnz.org /publish/nzjmfr/1981/32.php (147 words)

	Lassen County, California (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Forested plateaus, green mountain meadows, snow-capped peaks and a vast, open agricultural valley are part of Lassen County's 4,547 square miles, an area the size of Connecticut.
		A true outdoor wonderland, much of Lassen County is part of the large volcanic plateau that makes up much of northeast California.
		Lassen Volcanic National Park, the Lassen Scenic Byway, Eagle Lake and the Bizz Johnson Trail provide visitors with much to do.
	www.shastacascade.org /lassen/lapage.htm (153 words)

	Yellowstone Volcano Observatory - Products and References
		From: Christiansen, R. The Quaternary and Pliocene Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field of Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 729-G, 145 p., 3 plates, scale 1:125,000.
		Christiansen, R. L., 1982, Late Cenozoic volcanism of the Island Park area, eastern Idaho, in Bonnichsen, B., and Breckenridge, R. eds., Cenozoic geology of Idaho: Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology Bulletin 26, p.
		Hildreth, W., Halliday, A. N., and Christiansen, R. Isotopic and chemical evidence concerningthe genesis and contamination of basaltic and rhyolitic magma beneath the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field, Journal of Petrology, v.
	volcanoes.usgs.gov /yvo/products.html (5104 words)

	CVO Menu - America's Volcanic Past - Columbia Plateau - Columbia River
		The Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) is the youngest and most studied flood basalt.
		The province underlain by the basalt is loosely termed the Columbia Plateau.
		Such an overall designation is a misnomer, however, for the basalt has been sharply folded and broadly warped, so that its top varies in elevation from slightly below sea level in the Pasco Basin to more than 2.5 kilometers above sea level in the Wallowa Mountains of northeast Oregon.
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /LivingWith/VolcanicPast/Places/volcanic_past_columbia_plateau.html (991 words)

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