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Topic: Volga German

	Volga German - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Volga Germans (German: Wolgadeutsche or Russlanddeutsche) were ethnic Germans living near the Volga River in the region of southern European Russia around Saratov and to the south, maintaining German culture, language, traditions and religions: Evangelical Lutheranism, Reformed and Roman Catholicism, and Mennonitism.
		Since the late 1980s, many Volga Germans have emigrated to their ancestral homeland of Germany, taking advantage of the German Law of return, a policy which grants citizenship to all those who can prove to be a refugee or expellee of German ethnic origin or as the spouse or descendant of such a person (e.g.
		Volga Germans emigrated to the United States and Canada and settled mainly in the Great Plains; Alberta, eastern Colorado, Kansas, Manitoba, Minnesota, eastern Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Saskatchewan, and South Dakota, as well as in Oregon,Washington and Fresno County in Central California, often succeeding in dryland farming, a skill learned in Russia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Volga_German (940 words)

	Volga German
		The Volga German Society Oktoberfest is an annual celebration of the Germans from Russia heritage of Ellis County.
		This celebration of the German community is held at the Ellis County Fairgrounds located on the northwest edge of Hays near the junction of I-70 and the Highway 183 by-pass.
		Located on the grounds of the Ellis County Historical Museum is a replica of a Volga German house furnished with authentic household items used by the Volga German settlers.
	www.haysusa.com /html/volga_german.html (893 words)

	Volga German ASSR (Soviet Union, 1918-1942)
		The Volga German ASSR existed 1924-1941: Established as Labour Commune of Volga Germans or Volga German AO within Russian SFSR on 19 october 1918.
		The Area of the Germans at the Volga were declared to a German workers community in Okt.1918 after revolution, in Feb.1924 it got the status of an ASSR (autonom socialistic soviet republic) of the Volga Germans with the capital of Engels (1929: 27.152 km²).
		After 1941 and the German attack to USSR, 1 million of 1,5 million Germans in USSR were deported to Western Sibiria, Kasachstan, Kigisia, Tadshikistan and the Altai area.
	flagspot.net /flags/su-wd.html (776 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Germans in Kazakhstan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		One seeks the re-establishment of the Volga German homeland as a self-governing region, while the other insists that the suffering of Germans in the Soviet Union and their dispersal make the reconstitution of a homeland in Russia impossible.
		Ethnic Germans in Kazakhstan have held their first national congress to voice support for the demand put forth by Germans residing in Russia for the restoration of a German autonomous republic which was liquidated after Nazi Germany attacked Russia in 1941.
		According to the poll, 73% of the German households are engaged in agriculture.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=70502 (2765 words)

	German-Russian Settlement Map
		In 1918, the "Autonomous Communes of Volga German Workers" was established, and by 1924 it became the first autonomous ethnic region of the Soviet Union, the "Volga German Autonomous Republic" as part of the RSFSR.
		Despite restrictions, the German population in Kaliningrad is rapidly increasing (from 200 in 1989 to 4,000 in 1993).
		This is reflected, for instance, in the German dialects spoken by the German-Russians.
	www.rollintl.com /roll/grsettle.htm (6880 words)

	AllRefer.com - German Volga Republic (CIS And Baltic Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		Its largely German population was descended from the German colonists whom Catherine II had invited to settle there in 1762.
		As a result of the German invasion of the USSR, the republic was dissolved (1941), and the entire German population (about 440,000) was deported to Siberia and Kazakhstan.
		The Volga Germans were then stripped of their citizenship and did not regain their civil rights until after Stalin's death.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/G/GermanVo.html (220 words)

	Maps
		The map extends from the northernmost German colonies of Yagodnaya Polyana and Schaffhausen, north of Saratov, to Kamyshin and Pallasovka in the south; from Balanda, Neu-Frank and Krasnyy Yar in the west to Alexanderfeld and Novouzensk in the east.
		The map depicts the German settlements in the Dnepropetrovsk Oblast formerly the northern portion of the Province of Ekaterinoslav and includes the German villages in the western portion of the Kharkov Oblast.
		Map of the German settlements in the Stalino Oblast formerly the eastern portion of Ekaterinoslav Province and the western portion of the Don District (Territory of the Don Cossacks) including the German villages in the eastern part of the Kharkov Oblast.
	www.ahsgr.org /maps.htm (2423 words)

	Dr. Samuel Sinner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Lenin, whom the Volga Germans associated with the Red Terror and War Communism, was dead, the famine was overcome, the mass executions had ceased, the New Economic Policy was in full swing, and so on.
		Germans in the Land of the Volga also includes the literary sketch "How the Volga Germans Joined a Revolution," in which one reads: "And we were tired of war, unspeakably tired.
		Germans in the Land of the Volga appears to justify the "new era" in several respects, above all by its emphasis on the despotic rule of Tsarism.
	www.angelfire.com /moon/drsinner/1c.html (7452 words)

	Russian Germans, Germans of Russia, Volga Germans, Germans of the Volga on RussiansAbroad.com
		Russian Germans, Germans of Russia, Volga Germans, Germans of the Volga on RussiansAbroad.com
		Russia's German population began lobbying for reestablishment of the prewar Volga German Autonomous Republic in 1990.
		However, the proposed German enclave encountered strong local resistance from populations that would have been displaced by the Germans on the lower Volga; official discussion of the issue ended in 1993.
	www.russiansabroad.com /russian_history_123.html (265 words)

	The History of the Volga-Germans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		By 1890, the land in the Volga Region became scarce and German colonists were diverted to Siberia.
		The Volga German young men were drafted into the Russian Army and the young women were used as domestic servants in the big cities.
		Upon release, the Volga Germans were asked to sign paperwork agreeing to never return to their original settlements.
	www.lhm.org /LID/lidhist.htm (581 words)

	American Volga Relief Society letters and documents
		When the ethnic Germans living along both banks of the Volga River resisted, they were completely stripped of all grain and mass executions were carried out.
		More than thirty percent of the Volga German population was deliberately starved before relief was permitted.
		In 1921 George Repp of Portland, Oregon, organized the Volga Relief Society (VRS), which solicited funds from Volga German communities in America for the relief of relatives in Russia.
	www.nebraskahistory.org /lib-arch/research/treasures/volga_relief.htm (817 words)

	Volga Germans
		They were settled in villages on the Russian Steppe along the Volga river and thus came to be known as Volga Germans.
		One of the largest settlements along the Volga River was the Village of Balzer.
		In the ensuing years the Volga Germans endured increasing privations and suffered persecution from the Russian government and citizens.
	www.femling.com /gen/balzer/volga.htm (884 words)

	Volga — FactMonster.com
		The Volga has played an important part in the life of the Russian people, and it is characteristically named in Russian folklore “Mother Volga.” For centuries it has served as the chief thoroughfare of Russia and as the lifeline of Russian colonization to the east.
		Volga: History - History The Volga was known to the ancient Greeks as the Rha, but little was known about the river...
		Volga: Dams and Hydroelectric Stations - Dams and Hydroelectric Stations Numerous dams and reservoirs have been constructed in the Volga...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/world/A0851117.html (256 words)

	The Volga Village of Josefstal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It was located near the Volga River in the Tsarist Province of Saratov.
		The year 1941 saw the entire German population of this village and the other German colonies banished to Siberia.
		German Villages in the Volga Valley of Russia
	www.josefstal.org (252 words)

	The German Heritage of Kansas: An Introduction
		German Catholics settled throughout Kansas, but established strongholds particularly in the northeastern counties from Atchison and Leavenworth to Seneca, in western Sedgwick County, in Ford and Edwards counties, and in numerous Volga German, Bucovina German and Moravian German parishes in Ellis, Rush and Barton counties.
		German Lutherans established congregations in many counties, but are especially numerous in the Horseshoe Bend communities of Washington and Marshall counties, in Phillips and Smith counties, and in Lincoln, Mitchell and Russell counties.
		German immigration to the United States nearly reached one million for the decade of the 1850s and surpassed one million during the 1880s.
	www.swissmennonite.org /feature_archive/2002/200201.html (1124 words)

	Schönchen, Russia
		In the late 1870's, as part of a larger Volga German migration to destinations in the United States and South America, several families from Schönchen migrated to the U.S. in search of freedom from an increasingly oppressive government.
		On a recent trip to the Volga (August 2002), the evidence of that time in history perhaps would not be much noticed if one didn’t know that churches, cemeteries, homes and other signs of a thriving community once existed.
		In Zug and Solothurn there were no Volga Germans who lived there, but the villagers did remember them with their "neat homes and gardens".
	volga.schoenchen.org:8000 (528 words)

	Volga German Immigrants, A Kansas Portrait
		In 1763 Catherine the Great of Russia issued the second of her manifestos encouraging immigration to her country from Germany in order to colonize underdeveloped land on the Black Sea and on the banks of the Volga River.
		Catherine, herself a German, had also hoped that the colonists would improve Russian agriculture though the introduction of more modern methods from western Europe.
		As was the case on the steppes of Russia, through their industry they adapted to an inhospitable environment once thought unsuitable for cultivation and left their mark on the history of Kansas.
	www.kshs.org /portraits/volga_germans.htm (330 words)

	Books
		Einwanderung in das Wolgagebiet, 1764-1767 (Immigration to the Volga Region, 1764-1767) Vol.
		Transport of the Volga Germans from Oranienbaum to the Colonies on the Volga 1766-1767.
		A recent edition of the history of the Germans from Russia (begun about seventy years ago and left incomplete at her death in 1963) by Professor Williams concentrates on the Volga Germans, giving scrupulously researched and highly detailed descriptions of conditions in Germany during the 18th century that made emigration so attractive.
	www.ahsgr.org /books.htm (7656 words)

	Please title this page. (webdoc8x.htm)
		Many people departed from the Volga settlements between 1874 -1942, but those who stayed behind were doubtlessly caught up in the Russian revolution, and the terrible years that followed.
		As was the case of all the Volga settlements under the Russian Communist government, the residents of Herzog were rounded up and sent to labor camps beyond the Urals of Kazakhstan, and to the northern Siberian wilderness
		When the Germans were dispossessed from their homes, Russians were allowed to take over the homes and belongings.
	members.aol.com /RAToepfer/webdoc8x.htm (840 words)

	The Volga Germans Home Page
		The Volga German colonies were founded during the years 1763 to 1772 by 30,623 colonists primarily from the central region of present day Germany.
		The colonies were located on the unsettled Russian steppe near the banks of the Volga River.
		Today, those born on the Volga and their descendants are scattered in many parts of the world including Canada, the United States, Germany, Argentina, Brazil, as well as those who remain in European Russia, Kazakhstan, and Siberia.
	www.volgagermans.net (110 words)

	Volga Germans
		Nearly 60% of Germans from Russia on ship lists can be found using the internet thanks to so many indexes prepared by volunteers particularly by German from Russia volunteers.
		Learn about the 3 archives in the Volga that house the Volga German records, including the Volgograd Archive.
		The parochial certificates for the Volga Germans are generally written in German or Russian or both.
	www.webbitt.com /volga/home.html (199 words)

	Otero Junior College
		German families were invited to occupy the Volga steppes of Russia in the 18th century by Catherine the Great.
		In exchange for the land, the Germans were required to provide protection of the steppes from the invading Mongolian and Tar-tar tribes.
		The Germans were given religious freedom in addition to no taxes for several years and exemption from military service.
	www.ojc.edu /pressReleaseDetail.aspx?prID=319 (1076 words)

	Volga German - Germans from Russia
		I hope you enjoy this website and that it is helpful to you in your research in your family history.
		Here you will be able to find connections to those who moved from the Volga Region in Russia to the plains of Ellis and Rush Counties in Kansas.
		German settlers along the Volga River elected these five men to act as scouts to investigate land in Nebraska.
	www.volgagerman.net (230 words)

	Volga German Home Page
		During the 1760s, 104 German colonies were founded on the unsettled Russian steppe near the city of Saratov on the Volga River.
		Today, those born on the Volga and their descendants are scattered in many parts of the world including Canada, the United States, Germany, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa as well as those who remain in European Russia, Kazakhstan, and Siberia.
		Help preserve the history and heritage of the Volga Germans by sharing your knowledge, family information, stories and photographs on this website.
	www.volgagermans.net /volgagermans (248 words)

	Chronology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		April 1990: Chairman of the USSR Supreme Soviet A. Lukyanov met with a delegation of Soviet Germans.
		September 1991: Germany and Russia have agreed in principle to restore the German republic on the Volga, a senior Bonn official said.
		October 1992: Ethnic Germans in Kazakhstan have held their first national congress to voice support for the demand put forth by Germans residing in Russia for the restoration of a German autonomous republic which was liquidated after Nazi Germany attacked Russia in 1941.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/data/kazgermchro.htm (2833 words)

	Volga German Colony - MERKEL (Russia) Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		MERKEL was an Evangelical Lutheran German colony founded where the Karamysh river converged with the Makarovka brook in the Don and Volga river basins, on August 28, 1766.
		At that time, Jacob and Lydia [Knaub] Rein were the only Merkel born inhabitants, having been exiled to Siberia in the great deportation of German colonists in 1941, returning to their original village in the 1950s.
		Two books, "IN THE SHADOW OF A BELL TOWER" is a social history of the Volga Germans from the former colony of Merkel, Russia.
	home.comcast.net /~dm48/merkel/merkel.htm (603 words)

	Fort Hays State University
		She issued a manifesto offering travel costs, religious freedom, 30 years of tax exemption, and most of all, freedom from military service forever.
		Nearly 200 German villages and towns were established in Russia, and the people prospered.
		A new law now required the induction of German sons into the Russian army.
	www.fhsu.edu /forsyth_lib/ksheritage/volgagermans.shtml (220 words)

	http://www.midwestdeutschefest.com
		Their numbers included Germans from Baden-Württemberg and the Rhineland Palatinate (generally identified as Swabians) in what is now southwestern Germany, Bohemians from the Böhmerwald in what is now the Czech Republic, and Zipsers from what is now the Spi County in Slovakia.
		Traditional German meal with your choice of green bean dumpling soup, sauerkraut soup, German sausage, ham and beans, noodles, homemade bread and desserts.
		The Volga German Society, established in 1974, promotes the heritage of the German immigrants with events, programs and the annual Oktoberfest.
	www.midwestdeutschefest.com /index.asp?DocumentID=699 (540 words)

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