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| | ProtoIndoEuropean |
 | | PIE seems to have been a highly-inflecting language, with eight noun cases, three genders, three numbers (singular, plural and dual), and several tenses, moods and voices (the exact number is disputed). |
 | | The traditional view is that the Continental languages (Gaulish, Celtiberian, Lepontic etc.) form one group, in opposition to the Insular languages (which themselves fall into two uncontroversial groups: Goidelic and Brittonic). |
 | | The family comprises the Romance group, Oscan, Umbrian, Paelignian, Marsian, Marrucinian, Vestinian and Volscian; but there is also evidence of "Pre-Italic" speech-forms spoken in Italy which may have some more distant connection with the family: Ligurian, Lepontic (also claimed as Celtic), Raetic, Venetic, Messapic, Sicel/Siculan and East Italic. |
| www.lickingvalley.k12.oh.us /HighSchool/SREnglishPages/proto.htm (1455 words) |
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