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	Alessandro Volta -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta (February 18, 1745 - March 5, 1827) was an (A native or inhabitant of Italy) Italian (A scientist trained in physics) physicist known especially for the development of the (A device that produces electricity; may have several primary or secondary cells arranged in parallel or series) electric battery.
		Volta was born and educated in (Click link for more info and facts about Como) Como, Italy, where he became professor of (The science of matter and energy and their interactions) physics at the Royal School in 1774.
		Volta's portrait was also on the 10000- (Formerly the basic unit of money in Italy; equal to 100 centesimi) lira (A notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound) note.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/al/alessandro_volta.htm (395 words)

	Volta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Volta's project was in fact to fill with hydrogen a purpose - built glass container in the form of a pistol sealed with a tap, and to cause the explosion of the gas with a spark (as happens with the mixing of air and fuel in the engine cylinders of our cars).
		Volta observed that his pistol could be used to measure the force of the explosion of inflammable airs.
		Volta perceives tension as electric fluid's tendency to expand, in analogy to the concept of the pressure of a gas.
	chem.ch.huji.ac.il /~eugeniik/history/volta.htm (4222 words)

	Alessandro Volta
		Volta, a former high school physics teacher, found that it was the presence of two dissimilar metals, not the frog leg, that was critical.
		The Galvani vs. Volta debate was one of the most interesting episodes in the history of science, and was devoid of personal animosity, because Galvani and Volta were both gentleman and friends, and also had high scientific principles.
		Volta invented the so-called Volta’s pile (or voltaic pile); the electrophorus; an electric condenser; and the voltaic cell.
	www.corrosion-doctors.org /Biographies/VoltaBio.htm (596 words)

	Upper Volta - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The French colony of Upper Volta was established on March 1, 1919 with its current boundaries from what had been administered as part of Côte d'Ivoire colony.
		However, on September 5, 1932, Upper Volta was broken apart, with parts being administered by the colonies of Côte d’Ivoire, French Sudan (present day Mali), and Niger.
		The colony was revived with the previous boundaries on September 4, 1947.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Upper_Volta (206 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Alessandro Volta
		In seeking further experimental evidence in favour of his contact theory, Volta was led to the greatest of his inventions, the voltaic "pile", which he described in a communication of 20 March, 1800, to Sir Joseph Banks, President of the Royal Society of London.
		The voltaic battery of 1800 marks an epoch in physical theory as well as in the application of science to the welfare of mankind.
		In the summer of 1899, the centenary of the invention of the voltaic battery, an exposition was held in Como of electrical apparatus constructed and used by Volta in his investigations, but unfortunately a fire broke out and many of these heirlooms of science were destroyed.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/15503a.htm (692 words)

	American Scientist Online - The Investigations and Inventions of Volta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Volta clarified the concept of electrical tension (or, in modern parlance, voltage); formulated the mathematical relation between quantity of charge, tension and capacity; introduced the concepts of contact "potential" and of electromotive force; and came very close to formulating quantitatively the relations between tension, resistance and current.
		Volta's role as hero in the industrial era prompts Pancaldi to criticize the use of past science to serve local interests, local pride and local ambitions, as occurred when two residents of Como, a fascist and a silk industrialist, organized the 1927 celebrations there, using Volta to call attention to the town.
		Volta's best qualities as an investigator were the result of adjustment between his aspirations as a natural philosopher and the more modest role of inventor of intriguing machines that sections of the community of electricians came to assign him.
	www.americanscientist.org /template/BookReviewTypeDetail/assetid/28367 (1620 words)

	IEEE History Center - Volta's Electrical Battery Invention, 1799
		Volta's development of the first continuous and reproducible source of electrical current was an important step in the study of electromagnetism and in the development of electrical equipment.
		He built a battery, known as a Voltaic pile, made of alternating copper and zinc discs, with each pair of metals separated by flannel soaked in weak acid.
		The Voltaic pile stimulated so much scientific inquiry that, by 1831, when Faraday built the first dynamo, the basic principles of electricity had been established.
	www.ieee.org /organizations/history_center/milestones_photos/volta.html (264 words)

	Super Scientists - Count Alessandro Volta
		Volta tried to duplicate the experiment, and he did on a clear day when there was no lightening.
		The Voltaic Pile consisted of discs of copper and zinc separated by discs of paper or cardboard (soaked in salt water).
		Volta's battery was later refined by other scientists, and the French emperor, Napoleon, made Volta a "Count" for his discovery.
	www.energyquest.ca.gov /scientists/volta.html (263 words)

	Volta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta (1745-1827) was the great antagonist of Galvani, and his efforts to refute the theory of animal electricity later resulted in his invention of the voltaic pile, the first electric battery.
		According to Volta's interpretation, the muscle twitches were induced by current flowing between two dissimilar metals connected by the moist flesh of the frog's leg.
		This stack became known as the voltaic pile and was the progenitor for modern alkaline batteries.
	www.bioanalytical.com /info/calendar/97/volta.htm (295 words)

	Alessandro Volta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		When Luigi Galvani's experiments with "animal electricity" were published (1791), Volta began experiments that led him to theorize that animal tissue was not necessary for conduction of electricity.
		Proof of this theory was the battery, which Volta invented in 1800.
		Volta taught at Como Gymnasium (1775-78) and at Pavia University (1778-1815).
	chemistry.mtu.edu /~pcharles/SCIHISTORY/Alessandro_Volta.html (133 words)

	Inventor Alessandro Volta Biography
		Volta was born in Como and educated in the public schools there.
		The "Alessandro Volta" Centre for Scientific Culture is a non profit organization acting since 1982, supported by the local Administrations of Region Lombardy and Province Como, the Como Town Council and the Chambers of Commerce of Milano and Como.
		In his research, Volta placed together several pairs of alternating copper (or silver) and zinc discs separated by cloth and soaked the cloth in brine (salt water) to increase conductivity, and an electrical current was produced.
	www.ideafinder.com /history/inventors/volta.htm (1147 words)

	Encyclopedia: Upper Volta
		Flag of Upper Volta Flag Ratio: 2:3 The flag of Upper Volta is a horizontal tricolour of fl, white and red which derive from the three main rivers: The Black Volta, White Volta and the Red Volta.
		The White Volta, aslo known as the Nakambe River, is the headstream of the Volta River in West Africa.
		The French colony of Upper Volta was established on March 1, 1919 with its current boundaries from what had been adminstered as part of CÃ´te d'Ivoire colony.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Upper-Volta (711 words)

	Volta
		Volta was born to nobility that had moved down in social station.
		Volta became fascinated with the phenomenon of the age, electricity.
		Following the experiments of Galvani, who was a friend of his and sent copies of his papers on the subject, Volta attacked the question of whether the electric current resulting when muscle was in contact with two different metals arose from the tissue or from the metals.
	www.italian-american.com /volta.htm (916 words)

	Alessandro Volta: The Voltaic Pile Experiment - The Invention of the Battery
		with Galvani's theory of animal electricity that led Volta, in 1800, to build the voltaic pile to prove that electricity did not come from the animal tissue but was generated by the contact of different metals in a moist environment.
		Most historians attribute the invention of the battery to Alessandro Volta since his voltaic pile was the first battery that produced a reliable, steady current of electricity.
		Volta found that this wet stack of “dissimilar metals” created a small electric current, and this current could be drawn off through wires and used for experiments.
	www.juliantrubin.com /bigten/voltapile.html (618 words)

	The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Volta, Alessandro, Conte @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		VOLTA, ALESSANDRO, CONTE [Volta, Alessandro, Conte], 1745-1827, Italian physicist.
		Volta invented the so-called Volta's pile (or voltaic pile); the electrophorus ; an electric condenser; and the voltaic cell.
		The volt, a unit of electrical measurement, is named for Volta.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:Volta-Al&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (134 words)

	IEEEVM: Alessandro Volta
		Volta publicly demonstrated the voltaic pile, later known as the battery, in 1799.
		Alessandro Volta was born to a noble and wealthy family on 18 February 1745 in Como, Italy.
		Volta was something of a celebrity during his time and his fans included Napoleon, who made him a count in 1801.
	www.ieee-virtual-museum.org /collection/people.php?taid=&id=1234570&lid=1 (242 words)

	VOLTA, ALESSANDRO (1745 - 1827) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		VOLTA, ALESSANDRO (1745 - 1827) [CONFIGLIACHI, PIETRO (1777 - 1844)].
		Alessandro Volta is best known for his invention of the "Voltaic pile," which was the first electrical battery.
		Volta suggested that the electricity came not from animal power but from the contact between the metal and unobserved impurities in it.
	www.scs.uiuc.edu /~mainzv/exhibit/volta.htm (220 words)

	Ghana - Rivers and Lakes
		The Oti River and the Daka River, the principal tributaries of the Volta in the eastern part of the country, and the Pru River, the Sene River, and the Afram River, major tributaries to the north of the Kawhu Plateau, also empty into flooded extensions of the lake in their river valleys.
		Lake Volta is a rich source of fish, and its potential as a source for irrigation is reflected in agricultural mechanization agreement signed in the late 1980s to irrigate the Afram Plains.
		The Pra is the easternmost and the largest of the three principal rivers that drain the area south of the Volta divide.
	countrystudies.us /ghana/30.htm (818 words)

	Volta Redonda on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Within a decade Volta Redonda, one of the most ambitious industrial projects in South America, was producing more than half of Brazil's ingots and rolled steel.
		Fluminense vence 3-1 a Volta Redonda y gana Cameponato carioca
		Volta Redonda cerca de su primer título de Río de Janeiro
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/V/VoltaR1ed.asp (355 words)

	Delusions of Adequacy Reviews - The Mars Volta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Flea hooked up with The Mars Volta when his band pegged them as an opening act on tour, and as always, here he is equally capable of settling down into a funky groove or spazzing out in jaw-dropping fashion.
		The Mars Volta are a supercharged super group led by ex-At the Drive-In members Omar Alfredo Rodriguez-Lopez and Cedric Bixler Zavala.
		While this record is not as radio friendly as some of the later At the Drive-In material, music fans should appreciate the depth and originality that this group has invested in their sound.
	www.adequacy.net /reviews/m/marsvolta.shtml (1133 words)

	StreetSwing's Dance History Archives - La Volta Dance Page - Main1
		The Volta (Vuel-ta) is known as a "Renaissance dance" (a period in time) which came from Italy (some say Provence, France) as a peasant dance in the early 16th century and later into Switzerland, then to France (Volte) and ending in Germany.
		The Volta is said to be the first of the Waltzes or the forerunner of the Waltz when combined with other round dances.
		It was reported that "the Volta brought forth many murders and miscarriages" (not true) and "should be heavily looked into by local police." Madame de Valentinois, in the time of Francis the First, was very fond of this dance, and while dancing it sang the psalms translated by Clement Marot.
	www.streetswing.com /histmain/z3volta.htm (362 words)

	Volta
		First edition, rare offprint form, of this major work of Volta, in which he established that Galvani's 'animal electricity' was in fact the result of contact of two different metals in a conductive environment and that the muscle spasms observed by Galvani were the result of purely external electrical stimulation.
		Volta had been one of the first to take up Galvani's theory of animal electricity but he became skeptical as his own research progressed, finally concluding that all galvanic excitations were the result of external electrical stimulation produced by the contact of two dissimilar metals in a moist environment.
		Among the experiments described is the following: Four insulated individuals form a human chain, the first placing his finger on the tip of the second's tongue, the second likewise touching the uncovered eyeball of the third, and the third and fourth holding between them in their wet hands a freshly skinned and gutted frog.
	www.sparkmuseum.com /BOOK_VOLTA.HTM (502 words)

	Toyota Alessandro Volta Concept - RSportsCars.com
		With a top speed of 155 mph, 0-62 mph acceleration in a scorching 4.03 seconds, and a range of some 430 miles, the Toyota Alessandro Volta concept car proves it is possible to offer high performance in a car whose green credentials are unimpeachable.
		The hybrid powetrain is mounted in a midship position, as the front wheels are powered by the second electric motor, generating 4-wheel traction without the need for a transmission shaft.
		The Toyota Alessandro Volta is a styling exercise aimed at exploring new applications of the Hybrid synergy DriveO technology.
	www.rsportscars.com /eng/cars/toyota_volta.asp (234 words)

	Volta, Lake -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The lake is formed by the Akosombo Dam (q.v.), which, begun in 1961 and completed in 1965, dammed the Volta River just south of Ajena and created a lake extending upstream from the Akosombo Dam to Yapei, beyond the former confluence of the Black Volta and White Volta rivers.
		It rises 16 miles (26 km) northwest of Mampong and flows southeast into Lake Volta (formerly the Afram was a tributary of the Volta River).
		The Volta Basin, a vast saucer-shaped plateau averaging from 990 to 1,980 feet (300 to 600 meters) above sea level, occupies the north-central part of the country.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9075701&query=akosombo (871 words)

	Volta'sPile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Above is a diagram of a reconceptualization of one of Volta's early experiments.
		This experiment is like one that Volta did around 1800 in order to test his hypothesis that two different kinds of metal could produce electricity, thus explaining what caused the legs of dead frogs to twitch on Galvani's lab table (see our historical background).
		If the needle on the voltmeter moves to the right from its zero mark on the left, then the experiment supports Volta's hypothesis that two different kinds of metal can be made to produce an electrical current.
	academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu /esl/gonsalves/tutorials/Writing_a_Lab_Report/Experiment2.htm (235 words)

	Volta - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alessandro Volta, known for the development of the electric battery.
		The Volta River in Burkina Faso, formerly Upper Volta.
		This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Volta (84 words)

	Volta's Pistol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Volta's Pistol developed from the Eudiometer, a device developed by Alessandro Volta in 1776-77 to study the "goodness" or oxygen content of air.
		Volta himself suggested the construction of an inflammable air gun in which a spark fired a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen.
		Another form of this apparatus is the Powder Bomb in which a spark is used to set off a charge of gunpowder.
	physics.kenyon.edu /EarlyApparatus/Static_Electricity/Voltas_Pistol/Voltas_Pistol.html (322 words)

	The UnMuseum - Bagdad Battery
		Volta had observed that when two dissimilar metal probes were placed against frog tissue, a weak electric current was generated.
		Volta discovered he could reproduce this current outside of living tissue by placing the metals in certain chemical solutions.
		The little jar in Baghdad suggests that Volta didn't invent the battery, but reinvented it.
	www.unmuseum.org /bbattery.htm (542 words)

	AllRefer.com - Volta, Africa (African Physical Geography) - Encyclopedia
		Volta[vOl´tu] Pronunciation Key, river, c.290 mi (470 km) long, formed in central Ghana, W Africa, by the confluence of the Black Volta (or Mouhon, c.840 mi/1,350 km long) and the White Volta (or Nakambe, c.450 mi/720 km long), both of which rise in Burkina Faso.
		Lake Volta (c.3,275 sq mi/8,480 sq km), one of the world's largest artificial lakes, extends c.280 mi (450 km) upstream behind Akosombo Dam, SE Ghana, in the Ajena Gorge.
		The dam (370 ft/113 m high; completed 1965), the principal unit of the Volta Development Project, regulates the flow of the Volta River, stores water for irrigation, and generates hydroelectricity (750,000-kW capacity) that supports a large aluminum industry.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/V/Volta.html (234 words)

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