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	[No title]
		Vorkuta emergence is connected with the beginning of the Pechora coal basin (1931).
		The Vorkuta territory is situated to the North of the Arctic Circle, between 670 and 67040' of the Northern latitude, between 63034' and 64030' of the Eastern longitude in the far north-east of Komi Republic.
		Vorkuta administrative region occupying an area of 24,2 thousand km2 is located in south-east of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra and western slope the Ural mountains.
	www.vorkuta.ru /city/science.php?about_city (378 words)

	Don't Forget Vorkuta: A Soviet Holocaust
		For decades the Russian coal mines of Vorkuta, in the country's Far East region, have been at the centre of mineworkers' resistance to oppressive policies.
		Vorkuta then was worked by thousands of political and other prisoners under appalling conditions.
		The Vorkuta camp, 1,500 miles north of Moscow, was a coal mine that employed tens of thousands of slave laborers at a time.
	www.minesandcommunities.org /Country/ussr01.htm (1638 words)

	Anne Applebaum -- The Great Error
		Vorkuta's own history is short, too: its first 23 settlers arrived in 1931, by boat, via the waterways that run from the Arctic Sea, bringing their wooden picks and shovels with them.
		Vorkuta's 23 original settlers were, of course, prisoners, and the leaders of that founding expedition were, of course, secret policemen.
		One by one, the administration is destroying the wooden barracks of the old camps, inhabited until recently; the concrete apartment blocks, built for a new generation which never materialised; the factories and workshops designed to support a civilisation which never should have been transplanted to this uninhabitable place.
	www.anneapplebaum.com /communism/2001/07_28_spec_error.html (986 words)

	Vorkuta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Vorkuta (Воркута́), population about 116,000, is a coal mining community in the Komi Republic of Russia just north of the Arctic circle in the Pechora coal basin.
		Many of the concentration camps were disbanded in the 1950s, but it is reported that some in the Vorkuta area continued to operate into the 1980s; by the early part of the 21st century many of the mines have been closed as problems with high costs of operations have plagued the mine operators.
		At one time during the 1990s there were labor actions in the area by miners who had not been paid for a year.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Vorkuta.html (197 words)

	Vorkuta Travel Information \| RUSSIA - SIBERIA \| TRAVEL GUIDE
		Vorkuta was originally built as a Gulag-concentration camp to where Stalin sent his enemies - a big part of the population at the time.
		The people that you meet in Vorkuta all have their personal story to tell about those years of horror that really touched me deeply to hear.
		I think the best season to visit Vorkuta in is in the early autumn, in September when the mosquitos are gone and the Tundra is burning with beautiful colours.
	www.hansrossel.com /travel-information/russia-siberia/vorkuta.htm (1336 words)

	International Reporting Project - Fellows' Stories
		VORKUTA, Russia -- The road from this city in Russia's far north cuts into the frosty gray bleakness, sweeping past exhausted coal mines and crumbling watchtowers near settlements named "Komsomol" and "Industrial." One grim housing block is home to pensioner Rasma Pavlovna Stodukh.
		Demographers estimated Russia needed to move 76,000 people from the Komi Republic, where Vorkuta, with its current population of 157,000, is one of the biggest cities.
		But like many residents of Vorkuta, she is convinced that she will die if she moves to a warmer climate.
	www.journalismfellowships.org /stories/russia/russia_vorkuta.htm (1733 words)

	Mirror for Internet Encyclopedia - Wikinfo \| Vorkuta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Vorkuta, population, about 116,000, is a coal mining community in the Komi Republic of Russia just North of the Arctic circle in the Pechora coal basin.
		Vorkuta is in a roadless area of the tundra although a Loop road runs north to the mine locations, many of them abandoned today.
		Especially notable is Mine 29 which was the scene of a determined labor protest in 1953 following the death of Stalin.
	www.internet-encyclopedia.us /index.php/wiki.php?title=Vorkuta (324 words)

	Reizen VORKUTA \| RUSLAND - SIBERIE \| REISGIDS
		Bezienswaardigheden in Vorkuta : Vorkuta is een stad in Noord Rusland vol Stalinistische gebouwen in brede lanen.
		Vorkuta ijsfestival : Georgi Mamulaishvili (zie boven) toonde me fotos van ijssculpturen in het stadscentrum van Vorkuta in de maand december (periode rond kerstmis) : een tiental grote beelden en monumenten (sphynx, kasteeltje,...) volledig uitgehouwen uit ijs in de donkere ondergesneeuwde straten waar het dag en nacht donker is zagen er erg mooi uit.
		Reisagentschap in Vorkuta : Polar Travel is een reisbureau in Lenina 45, valentina@vorkuta.com, telefoon 73323, zou (wellicht dure) citytrip en tours in de omgeving kunnen organiseren, maar tijdens mijn bezoek wist de receptioniste daarover niet zoveel te vertellen, de persoon die er iets van wist was er niet.
	www.hansrossel.com /reizen-informatie/rusland-siberie/vorkuta.htm (1411 words)

	AII POW-MIA Gulag Study 5 2005 Part II
		Vorkuta-A Lithuanian witness in Vilnius stated that, while a prisoner in a camp in Vorkuta, he met a prisoner who claimed to be a U.S. WWII pilot named John.
		Vorkuta OLP Eight-While in the hospital of OLP Eight from September 1949 to March 1950, a German source was in the same ward as an American citizen.
		Vorkuta OLP Nine-While detained in separate labor camp section OLP Nine in 1953, a former German POW heard from a driver that approximately 19 miles north of Vorkuta was a Camp of Silence (the inmates of the camp did not have to work, and were not eligible for mail privileges).
	www.aiipowmia.com /gulag/gulagstudy5a.html (16782 words)

	Skeletons of Russia's past haunt Arctic town / Industrial cities remain bastions of poverty and stagnation
		Burdened by the high costs of production and transportation, many of Vorkuta's mines can't compete, said the mayor, a gruff yet friendly man who exudes affection for this city 60 miles north of the Arctic Circle where the sun never rises in the depths of winter.
		Vorkuta's history goes back to a 1921 mineral-exploration mission that discovered coal deposits sticking out of the ground, prompting great excitement in the young Soviet government, said Yevgeniya Khaydarova, a leader of the local branch of the human rights group Memorial.
		For Dzhamilov, the former prisoner, the road to Vorkuta began when he was drafted into a unit of the NKVD, a forerunner of the KGB, in 1939.
	sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2004/08/01/MNGCC7VN731.DTL&type=printable (1536 words)

	The Forgotten Land
		For years Vorkuta was one of the main ports in the Gulag Archipelago and the signs are still there.
		Vorkuta was an important transit station in the Gulag Archipelago, the system of prison camps where according to a conservative estimate of the Cambridge Encyclopedia of Russia and the Soviet Union "between 1930 and 1953 some 15 or 16 million people died of fatigue and malnutrition and approximately one million were executed."
		Julia Kapminya arrived in Vorkuta in the winter of 1937 and was imprisoned in the camp attached to Coal Mine Number Eight.
	members.lycos.nl /gjacobs/test/artikelen/engelsob3.html (2899 words)

	The Seattle Times: Nation & World: Legacy of the gulags keeps strapped townsfolk in its grip
		VORKUTA, Russia —; The gulag is gone, but its prisoners remain.
		A minority of Vorkuta's residents — usually those born here — deeply love their city, with its climatic extremes, its combination of urban amenities and small-town atmosphere, its indoor swimming pools and new artificial-turf soccer field.
		After months in prison awaiting his execution, that sentence was dropped without explanation, and in 1942 he was sent to Vorkuta to work as a stoker in a heating plant.
	seattletimes.nwsource.com /html/nationworld/2001991624_gulag29.html (1745 words)

	Various articles
		The GULAG-system around Vorkuta was the home of up to a hundred thousand people; quite a few were, of course, guards and their families.
		When the camps were abolished in the 1960’s, quite a few of the prisoners settled down in the city together with a growing numbers of miners recruited from the south.
		The inhabitants of Vorkuta were hit twice as hard; the market for coal was diminishing at the same time.
	www.npolar.no /ansipra/english/items/Vorkuta_Nenets.html (1087 words)

	No Escape For Gulag's Former Prisoners
		It was 1943, the Soviet Union was locked in a fight to the death with Hitler's army, and her crime was to be an ethnic German.
		Vorkuta was the last of Stalin's infamous gulags and its name still resonates with menace for older Russians.
		Memorial, a Russian charity that compiles statistics on the Stalinist era, estimates that as many as four out of five are trapped former gulag inmates, or their descendants.
	www.rense.com /general47/noescapeforgulag.htm (830 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		A few people, moreover, have their "roots" in Vorkuta and are committed to making it a "better place in which to live." The communities in Kiselovslc, on the other hand, are more homogeneous and have roots in the region; most have no intention of leaving their "homes." 33.
		In Vorkuta, for example, 54 percent of the households are families with children; in Kiselovsk, by contrast, 29 percent are families with children.
		Even in Vorkuta alone, there are substantial, statistically significant differences between households located in the center city (where there are fewer households with members working in the mines, higher incomes, better standards of living, and a much higher representation of families headed by single parents), and those in coal settlements (tables 5 and 6).
	www-wds.worldbank.org /servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2000/11/30/000094946_00111405302681/Rendered/INDEX/multi_page.txt (13133 words)

	Saving Russia's Armpit - By Anne Applebaum - Slate Magazine
		Vorkuta is a city built beside a coal mine, north of the Arctic Circle, in barely habitable, treeless tundra.
		Vorkuta's first 23 settlers arrived in 1931, via the waterways that run from the Arctic Sea, bringing their wooden picks and shovels with them.
		In Vorkuta, a young woman with two small children—a classic candidate for resettlement, and herself the granddaughter of prisoners—told me with wide eyes how much she loves her city.
	www.slate.com /id/114080 (1485 words)

	Vorkuta Miners Hold Authorities PrisonersAT THE SAME TIME IN INTA, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Vorkuta miners have not been paid in over a year.
		The immediate cause for the miners' actions was the cancellation of Yeltsin's decree #777, which he signed on the eve of the 1996 elections.
		Miners in Vorkuta and the neighboring city of Inta are preparing for a march to Moscow.
	www.aha.ru /~mgo/vorkuta.htm (196 words)

	Pictures from Usinsk and Vorkuta (1998) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Vorkuta is "the town of tundra", unique in the whole world.
		The mining industry all over the world has been subsidized by goverments but here in the north the state support has been more essential because of the high costs of infrastucture and transport.
		After the collapse of Soviet Union and state support the mining industry of Vorkuta have had problems to be effective in market prices.
	wwwedu.oulu.fi /sos/tundra/kuvia.htm (276 words)

	Gulag Report
		A Lithuanian witness in Vinius stated that while a prisoner in a camp in Vorkuta, he had met a U.S. WWII pilot named John who was also being held prisoner.
		He was sent to Vorkuta and worked in Coal Mine #7, where the source first met, him.
		He related that during a rail trip to Vorkuta he had met in the carriage an American major who had been captured in Berlin in the street near the East-West border.
	www.videofact.com /english/gulags7.htm (2033 words)

	[No title]
		Private Cox was detained in Vorkuta and released on December 29, 1953.
		SUMMARY: In 1962, while living in Vorkuta, a Russian journalist stated that he conducted an expose on the KGB presumably to highlight their good work at protecting the borders of the Soviet Union.
		SUMMARY: While detained in labor camp "OLP 9" in 1953, a former German POW heard from a driver that approximately 19 miles north of Vorkuta was a Camp of Silence (the inmates of the camp did not have to work, and were not eligible for mail privileges).
	www.nationalalliance.org /korea/gulag3.htm (9885 words)

	Vorkuta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Vorkuta ('), población cerca de 116.000, es una comunidad de la explotación hullera en la república de Komi del apenas norte de Rusia del Círculo Polar Ártico en el lavabo del carbón de Pechora.
		Vorkuta se convirtió en una ciudad en 1942.
		Adaptado del artículo Vorkuta, de Wikinfo, licenció debajo de la licencia libre de la documentación del GNU.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/vo/Vorkuta.htm (177 words)

	Home > News & Updates > A Gulag Christmas
		"Vorkuta" has not become a universal metaphor for unmitigated evil, like "Auschwitz." Indeed, one of the striking things about the collapse of European communism in the late 1980s and early 1990s was that, in its aftermath, there was no real reckoning with the industrial-strength slaughters committed in the name of the Soviet god who failed.
		Cardinal Kazimierz Swiatek of Belarus knows all about the Vorkuta camps of the Soviet gulag, built in northern Siberia so that prisoners could mine coal and other minerals for the glory of the Soviet state while being starved or frozen to death.
		Ordained in April 1939, Swiatek was immediately arrested by the NKVD, predecessor to the KGB, and thrown into a death row prison cell in the city of Brest.
	www.eppc.org /news/newsID.1951/news_detail.asp (814 words)

	Coal mine vorkuta
		She conjures the coal mine vorkuta born to slip down down workin in a pulley system.
		Of coal mine vorkuta coal in a coal mine goin down down workin in a coal times in several coal mine vorkuta ways.
		Com women and iraq is the senior coal mine vorkuta vice president bush repeatedly coal mine vorkuta asked clarke.
	coalmine.mjtoysonline.com /coal-mine-vorkuta.html (458 words)

	Vorkuta: Frosty reception \| Travel \| Guardian Unlimited
		Vorkuta only exists because a demonic dictator called Stalin put it there, creating a hard labour camp which killed up to half a million people.
		Founded 67 degrees north of the equator, Vorkuta is not a place where people should be asked to live.
		The old communist neon slogans, praising the miners of Vorkutaugol (Vorkuta coal) for their record breaking production, hung unlit from one of the tallest buildings on Lenin Street.
	travel.guardian.co.uk /article/2001/oct/30/atriptoofar (879 words)

	AllRefer.com - Vorkuta (CIS And Baltic Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		It is the industrial center of the Pechora coal basin.
		Founded in 1932 as the site of large Soviet forced-labor camps, Vorkuta became a city in 1942.
		Some of the camps were still being used in the 1980s, although they were reportedly dissolved after Stalin's death.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/V/Vorkuta.html (165 words)

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