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Topic: WBGT

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Wet bulb globe temperature

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	About the WBGT and Apparent Temperature Indices
		In fact the real WBGT is also affected by wind and radiation, but the WBGT provided by the Bureau is only an approximation, which ignores variations of wind and radiation (light winds and fairly sunny conditions assumed).
		WBGT = 0.7 × Tnwb + 0.2 × Tg + 0.1 × Ta instruments are available commercially, but they are fairly expensive and require regular maintenance if they are to produce accurate values.
		Although the WBGT is still widely used for heat stress measurements, the basis for its use as a model for human response to heat has been questioned.
	www.bom.gov.au /info/thermal_stress (2802 words)

	APPENDIX C
		When the WBGT index reaches 85° F(29° C), strenuous exercise such as marching at standard cadence should be suspended in unseasoned personnel during their first three weeks of training.
		When the WBGT reaches 88° F (31° C), strenuous exercise should be curtailed for all recruits and other trainees with less than 12 weeks training in hot weather.
		When the WBGT index is 90° F (32° C) and above, physical training and strenuous exercise should be suspended for all personnel (excluding essential operational commitments not for training purposes, where the risk of heat casualties may be warranted).
	www.usariem.army.mil /heatill/appendc.htm (695 words)

	Heat Stress Monitor-Quest Technologies WBGT Monitor FAQ Page
		WBGT monitor measure the ambient temperature, the humidity and heat from any other heat source to yield an overall indicative heat stress number.
		The Globe part of the WBGT measurement calls for a 6-inch (15 cm) diameter hollow copper sphere painted matte fl on the outside, or the equivalent.
		When the temperature in the space surrounding a worker does not have a constant value, it is necessary to determine the WBGT index at three heights corresponding to the worker’s ankles, abdomen, and head.
	www.quest-technologies.com /FAQS/heat/heat_faq.htm (666 words)

	Working Under Hot Conditions - Formatted for Print
		The WBGT index combines air temperature, humidity, air flow and radiant heat to measure the risk of heat stress disorders.
		The schedule assumes that the WBGT index of the resting place is the same or similar to that of the workplace.
		Where the WBGT of the work area is different from that of the rest area, a time weighted average should be used.
	www.labour.gov.sk.ca /safety/thermal/hot/printpage.htm (2229 words)

	MNOSHA heat-stress guide
		Typically, one will determine the WBGT by using a heat stress monitor, or by using a sling psychrometer and the nomogram in Appendix B to obtain effective temperature, then converting effective temperature to WBGT.
		WBGT is an index of heat stress indicating relative comfort.
		If no breaks in cooler areas occurred during the measuring period, the WBGT should be determined for the break area so that a work/rest pattern could be developed to reduce heat exposure to an acceptable level.
	www.state.mn.us /ebranch/doli/heatstrs.html (2582 words)

	About the WBGT Index
		The WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature) is just one method of combining temperature and humidity into a single number.
		In fact the real WBGT is also affected by wind and radiation, but the WBGT provided by the Bureau is only an approximation, which ignores variations of wind and radiation.
		The WBGT heat index on the observation page is only a guide to help you make decisions relating to your activity.
	www.bom.gov.au /weather/sa/inside/heat_stress (1683 words)

	Sports Medicine Australia - Information - Preventing Heat Illness in Sport Policy
		WBGT is not the same as Ambient or ‘Dry’ temperature as the WBGT accounts for the levels of humidity, radiation, wind movement and ambient temperature.
		For WBGT temperatures greater than 18 degrees Celsius and less than 23 degrees Celsius all players should be rested for at least 10% of the period they would normally participate.
		To overcome the current barriers for sporting clubs and associations acquiring WBGT thermometers for the purpose of on-site WBGT measurement, consideration should be given to the proposal of local organisations such as local government authorities purchasing WBGT thermometers with the intention of establishing local climate services.
	www.sma.org.au /information/preventing_heat_illness_in_sport_policy.asp (3589 words)

	Edwards Air Force Base: Heat Stress Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The WBGT level is a heat stress indicator that calculates three heat stress factors; dry bulb (normal temperature), wet bulb (humidity indicator), and fl globe (radiant heat from the sun).
		The current WBGT level (updated every hour during normal duty hours) can be found on our intranet site, typically between the months of May and September.
		WBGT accounts for heat exchanged between the worker and the environment through radiant exchange, evaporative cooling, and convective exchange.
	www.edwards.af.mil /95med-group/docs_html/AMDS/Bioenvironmental/heat_stress.html (1170 words)

	Applications - Heat
		The effect of the type of clothing worn by the worker can obviously be a contributing factor and these can be taken into account to arrive at a recommended "safe" WBGT working value based on the percentage of actual work time during the day.
		The WinHSM software included with the Casella WBGT monitor is able to take all of these factors into account when results are downloaded to the computer and produces a result according to the relevant OSHA and ISO recommendations.
		The Casella Indoor air quality monitor can also measure the WBGT index and can correlate these results with NOx and SOx sensors for a more thorough understanding of the situation.
	www.casellausa.com /en/heat.htm (350 words)

	How Hot is Hot, How Safe Is Safe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The WBGT is used by the military, industrial engineers and exercise physiologists to gauge heat stress.
		WBGT measurements are taken hourly from 7 am to 8 pm daily from the 3rd Monday in April until the 3rd Monday in October, using non-electronic instruments.
		At the other end of the spectrum, Nielsen has pointed out that marathon running is "a fight against physics." By calculating rates of heat generation and the sweat rates which that heat burden engenders, she has shown the maximal sustainable work rates allowed by various climatic conditions.
	www.zunis.org /how_hot_is_hot_how_safe_is_safe.htm (3535 words)

	OSH Answers: Humidex Rating and Work
		Direct comparison between WBGT and humidex is not possible--there are no conversion tables or mathematical formulas to do such conversions.
		However, one can estimate WBGT and humidex for a given ambient air temperature and humidity when radiant heat sources (hot and cold surfaces) are absent and air movement is less than 0.5 m/sec.
		Under these conditions the globe temperature equals room temperature and the natural wet bulb temperature (on the WBGT apparatus) is approximately 2°F (1.1°C) higher than the wet bulb temperature measured using a psychrometer.
	www.ccohs.ca /oshanswers/phys_agents/humidex.html (1060 words)

	OHS Guidelines Part 7 Noise, Vibration, Radiation and Temperature - Guidelines Part 7 - Division 4 - Thermal Exposure - ...
		The product of WBGT and duration for each task is then added up, and the sum is divided by the total duration of all tasks performed during the hour.
		The ACGIH does not recommend using the WBGT heat stress exposure screening criteria for workers wearing clothing that restricts the movement of air or is impermeable to air or water vapour.
		The WBGT combines the effect of humidity and air velocity (natural wet bulb) ambient air temperature, velocity, and radiant energy (globe temperature), and air temperature (dry bulb temperature) into a single value.
	www2.worksafebc.com /Publications/OHSRegulation/GuidelinePart7.asp?ReportID=21575 (7308 words)

	WBGT-CA - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As a result, WBGT's programming is relayed on W26BZ in Victor to serve the eastern part of the market.
		The Victor translator was added in 1999, and by 2001 Time Warner had added it to its lineup on area cable systems on Channel 18.
		WBGT became Rochester's MyNetworkTV affiliate on September 5, 2006, which became necessary due to the UPN and The WB shutting operations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/WBGT-CA (317 words)

	Dehydration and sports: Children at higher risk than adults - MayoClinic.com
		The WBGT is the standard index of temperature and humidity combined.
		WBGT between 75 F and 78.6 F. Children should take rest periods in the shade for long enough to cool off.
		WBGT between 79 F and 84 F. Children who haven't yet acclimated to the heat or who are at higher risk of dehydration and heat-related illnesses should stop playing and get out of the heat.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/dehydration/SM00037 (653 words)

	WBGT-101 Heat Stroke Meter, heat stroke measurement, wbgt index, heat index, heat safety
		- Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) is commonly used as a guidance for environmental heat stress to prevent heat stroke during physical exercise or while at work.
		- WBGT determines heat stress given in humans on the job in thermally harsh environments.
		It is specified in ISO 7243 under ‘Hot Environments.’ Estimation of the heat stress on is based on the WBGT-index (wet bulb globe temperature).
	www.cscscientific.com /html/wbgt101.html (131 words)

	NTP 322: Valoración del riesgo de estrés térmico: índice WBGT
		El índice WBGT (3), objeto de esta Nota Técnica, se utiliza, por su sencillez, para discriminar rápidamente si es o no admisible la situación de riesgo de estrés térmico, aunque su cálculo permite a menudo tomar decisiones, en cuanto a las posibles medidas preventivas que hay que aplicar.
		Esta situación corresponde a un índice WBGT tan alto, que ni siquiera con un índice de actividad relativo al descanso (< 100 kcal 1 hora) ofrece seguridad.
		El índice WBGT calculado según las temperaturas indicadas y la ecuación (I), resulta ser de 32,3ºC, mientras que el WBGT límite para el consumo metabólico determinado, es según indica la gráfica 1 de 30 ºC, por lo que existe una situación de riesgo no admisible de estrés térmico en estas condiciones y según este método.
	www.mtas.es /insht/ntp/ntp_322.htm (2027 words)

	Microtherm Heat Stress (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The WBGT meter measures simultaneously from three PRTD sensors for Wet Bulb, Dry Bulb and Globe Temperatures.
		The Microtherm WBGT has been designed with a simple, easy to use menu structure for the displaying of information, instrument configuration and retrieval of data.
		Calibration of the Microtherm WBGT is performed against an internal reference prior to every single measurement.
	www.stantron.com.au /microtherm_heat_stress_wbgt.htm (671 words)

	Temperature Sensor News & Directories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Date: Jul 28, 2004 - 06:02 PM A convenient handheld WBGT meter tells you thermal conditions around you and "protects" you from heat stroke while you are in sporting or working activities.
		The dry bulb temperature is measured by the built in thermistor and the wet-bulb temperature is obtained by calculating RH and Ta.
		One morning during strenuous calesthenics a medical officer came out and forced the training cadre to cease all physical exercise because the WBGT index was excessive.
	www.tempsensor.net /print.php?sid=77 (516 words)

	SmartPlay : Heat Guidelines
		WBGT is not the same as temperature in degrees Celsius, i.e.
		35 degrees Celsius 20% relative humidity is approximately a WBGT of 27.6 degrees Celsius.
		The WBGT is available through the Bureau of Meteorology.
	www.smartplay.net /ouch/medical/heat/heatinfo.html (2251 words)

	PREVENTION OF HEAT ILLNESS
		Appendix C describes the calculation of the WBGT Index and summarizes general guidance for regulating physical training according to the WBGT value.
		A wet bulb thermometer is a shaded standard thermometer whose bulb is surrounded by a wet cotton wick and exposed to moving air.
		The wet bulb temperature is the most important component of the WBGT Index, befitting the thermoregulatory importance of evaporation in hot environments.
	www.usariem.army.mil /heatill/prevenhi.htm (1909 words)

	Heat Stress Policy - Section 2: Heat Sress Policy Explanation and Information Guide
		The WBGT has not been adopted by the state not federal Occupational Safety and Health Administrations (OSHA).
		This table is based on the WBGT, an individual's activity level and a work/rest routine.
		These ratios are based on the resting environment having the same WBGT as the work environment.
	web.utk.edu /~ehss/heat/heat2.htm (1505 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		As of 1 November 2006, the WBGT will no longer be operational.
		Monitoring of the WBGT will begin again on 15 April 2007.
		Further information on the WBGT can be obtained by calling the NCOIC of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, at 531-4861.
	www.polk.amedd.army.mil /Public/Wetbulb/ViewMeasurements.asp (56 words)

	The Oxford Handbook of Sports Medicine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		This is done by the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) which is a single temperature, which is dependent upon air temperature, solar & ground radiation, humidity and wind velocity.
		It thus represents a sum of the impact of the environment upon the athlete.
		It can be measured with cheap simple instrumentation or calculated with data from the weather bureau (either degrees F or C).The WBGT calculation uses three measurements-natural wet-bulb temp(place a wetted wick over the thermometer bulb), air temp, and globe temp (temp.
	www.worldortho.com /oxsportsmed/chapt4.html (636 words)

	A Modified Heat Stress Algorithm for Partially Enclosed Structures
		Historical data for wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) were requested by WSRC Systems Engineering as part of an assessment of climate on loading operations to be conducted at the proposed Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) Loading Station in H-Area.
		This algorithm assumes exposure to the ambient environment; consequently, modifications were necessary to simulate WBGT inside a partially enclosed structure such as the LEU Loading Station.
		Through the mid-1990s, routine measurements of WBGT were taken manually with a portable instrument, and the results disseminated to onsite workers via telephone.
	sti.srs.gov /fulltext/rp20011097/rp20011097.html (3173 words)

	Equipco - An Introduction To Heat Stress Monitors
		The WBGT index is a single number derived mathematically from three distinct temperature measurements: wet bulb temperatures, dry bulb temperatures, and globe temperatures.
		WBGT Index = 85.0 - 87.9°F. Strenuous exercise such as marching at standard cadence should be suspended in unseasoned personnel during their first three weeks of training.
		WBGT Index = 88.0°F. Strenuous exercise should be curtailed for all recruits and other trainees with less than 12 weeks training in hot weather.
	www.equipcoservices.com /introheatstress.html (398 words)

	Thermal comfort
		The WBGT is a compact site monitoring instrument designed to help identify the problems of heat stress that are common in a variety of work places including: foundries, steel mills, glass and ceramic factories, power stations and mines, as well as many types of outdoor work.
		The instrument is designed to calculate and display the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Index (WBGT), which was originally developed to provide a simple method of assessment of heat stress among military personnel.
		The deluxe model is more elegant in appearance and is generally used in public areas such as receptions, public buildings, museums and libraries.Both styles are provided with a daily/weekly/monthly quartz clock, which can be set by the user.
	enviro-analytical.com /ohs/tc/tc.html (378 words)

	OSHA TECHNICAL MANUAL - SECTION III: CHAPTER 4
		They are also based on the assumption that the WBGT of the resting place is the same or very close to that of the workplace.
		Where the WBGT of the work area is different from that of the rest area, a
		Once the WBGT has been estimated, employers can estimate workers' metabolic heat load (see Tables III:4-1 and III:4-2) and use the ACGIH method to determine the appropriate work/rest regimen, clothing, and equipment to use to control the heat exposures of workers in their facilities.
	www.osha.gov /dts/osta/otm/otm_iii/otm_iii_4.html (4674 words)

	WBGT Environmental data acquisition at the Olympic Games
		Pico Technology was chosen to monitor the Wet Globe Temperature (WBGT) Index at Atlanta because it is one of the few companies in the world which has the variety of data aquisition products and software required.
		The WBGT Index takes into account the combined effects of air temperature and humidity as well as wind strength and solar radiation to offer an objective assessment of the heat load experienced by both horse and rider.
		Indeed, since the WBGT Index is just as applicable to human competitors, Pico Technology equipment will probably also be increasingly employed to ensure the safety of athletes as well as horses in conditions where weather presents a problem.
	www.picotech.com /olympic.html (629 words)

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