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Topic: Waihi miners strike

	Waihi miners' strike - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Waihi miners' strike was a major strike action in 1912 by gold miners in the New Zealand town of Waihi.
		Although the Waihi Goldmining Company claimed to have no involvement in the breakaway union, saying that it was a matter of union politics, many workers believed that the Company was attempting to split the union, and called a strike.
		The police buildup in Waihi continued until an estimated ten percent of New Zealand's police force was present.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Waihi_miners'_strike (635 words)

	Waihi
		Waihi is a town in the North Island of New Zealand.
		Waihi was a major centre of union unrest in New Zealand during the early years of the 20th century.
		In 1912 a strike by miners led to violence in an incident which still causes some resentment in the town.
	askfactmaster.com /Waihi (93 words)

	The Industrial Workers of the World in Aotearoa. Trouble Makers - Anarchism and Syndicalism.
		The miners, wharfies, shearers and labourers were the backbone of the new movement.
		In Huntly the strike was general but the owner refused to allow the workers back and a lockout ensured.
		The militant labour movement was led by the Wobblies in Auckland and Huntly until the defeat at Waihi.
	www.takver.com /history/nz/tm/tm08.htm (2710 words)

	'Black Tuesday' - The 1912 Waihi strike - NZHistory.net.nz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		On 'Black Tuesday', 12 November 1912, in the midst of a bitter six-month strike by miners in the small New Zealand goldmining town of Waihi, striker Fred Evans was killed - one of only two fatalities* in an industrial dispute in New Zealand's history.
		Travelling to and from work under police protection, he and his fellow 'scabs' were showered with stones and taunts by the striking miners and their wives, who took an increasingly prominent role.
		As the strike collapsed, strikers and their families were hunted through the streets by armed mobs.
	www.nzhistory.net.nz /politics/702 (917 words)

	Grand National Holiday June 28th reflection : Melbourne Indymedia
		A general strike is a strike action by an entire labour force in a city, region or country.
		The term "general strike" is sometimes also applied to large-scale strikes of all of the workers in a particular industry, such as the Textile workers strike (1934).
		In the Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934, as an example, many building trades unions and organizations of unemployed workers in federal work projects struck in sympathy with striking truckdrivers and in protest against the police violence directed against picketers; thousands of others participated in demonstrations in support of the strikers.
	www.melbourne.indymedia.org /news/2006/05/111973_comment.php (1694 words)

	Waihi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The town is at the foot of the Coromandel Peninsula, close to the western end of the Bay of Plenty.
		The nearby resort town of Waihi Beach, ten kilometres to the east, is often regarded as the westernmost point of the Bay of Plenty region.
		In the late 1990s several properties had to be condemned after the land under them subsided as a result of the collapse of disused mineshafts.
	www.mcfly.org /Waihi (192 words)

	New Zealand Labour Party - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The Labour Party was an amalgamation of a number of early groups, the oldest of which was founded in 1901.
		Soon afterwards, the labour movement was hit by the Waihi miners' strike, a major industrial disturbance prompted by radicals in the union movement.
		In the strike's aftermath, there was a major drive to end the divisions in the movement and establish a united front — another Unity Conference was called, and this time the Socialists attended.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/New_Zealand_Labour_Party (2065 words)

	New Zealand Labour Party
		Its origins lie in the British working-class movement, heavily influenced by Australian radicalism and events such as the Waihi[?] miners' strike.
		The leadership, generally UK-born colonial immigrants to New Zealand, sufferred widespread imprisonment for opposition to conscription in World War I, but the Party survived to grow during the 1920s.
		Labour lost office in 1949, failed to capitalise on the Waterfront Strike of 1951, and remained in the political wilderness of opposition until (barely) winning the election of 1957 under the leadership of Walter Nash[?], the last foreign-born head.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ne/New_Zealand_Labour_Party.html (449 words)

	History
		This strike was probably the bitterest in our history, and the only dispute which has led directly to the death of a worker.
		Huntly miners went on strike when two of its executive were sacked, and Watersides in Wellington went on strike when a company refused to pay travelling time to shipwrights.
		Miners elected to go on a go slow to show their opposition to conscription and the Government replied by arresting union leaders and prosecuting them.
	www.awunz.org.nz /history.htm (3777 words)

	BEACH-BUSH-HERITAGE WALKS HERITAGE
		Waihi, on the slopes of Martha Hill is a mining town of the past, present and future.
		As in Waihi the old workings have been dominated by the new "restored" mine, but by searching, remnants of the old mines can still be found.
		In conjunction with and by permission of the Waihi Gold Mining Company the three main areas of the gold mining and processing plants are visited while other places of interest are pointed out while on tour.
	www.beach-bush-heritage.co.nz /PAGES/heritage.html (1108 words)

	The Waihi strike 1912
		The most tragic events since the commencement of the strike were enacted this morning, completely outrivalling the sensational events of yesterday morning.
		Constable Wade, of Wellington, was shot in the stomach, and a worker was shot in the legs.
		Deceased had said he was a member of the Waihi Miners' Union, and was one of the strike pickets.
	www.waihimuseum.co.nz /mus_strike.html (1491 words)

	nztrip4u - Welcome to Waihi, NZ
		Waihi and Waihi Beach offer you the chance to get away from it all and enjoy the great outdoors beit tramping, camping, golfing, swimming, boating or just exploring the area's romantic goldmining history.
		Waihi also has another rarity in modern day New Zealand - its own locally owned and operated newspaper, The Waihi Leader, which is known for its hard-hitting news coverage of the town and the impact of the mine.
		Waihi Beach and Waihi have a variety of motels, camping grounds and homestays to choose from.
	www.nztrip4u.co.nz /waihig.html (3013 words)

	Edgar Ross: An autobiographical sketch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The Broken Hill mineworkers, by decision of the Miners’ Federation Central Council (of which the Broken Hill miners were a part) were called upon to pay a levy of 12.5% of their pay for the sustenance of the locked-out men, to which was added 2.5% for the local unemployed.
		The leaders of the Miners Federation, the Waterside Workers Federation and the Ironworkers Union were gaoled by the Arbitration Court for refusing to comply with special legislation prohibiting the use of union funds for strike relief.
		After the strike the coal owners proceeded with their rationalisation mechanisation measures and there was a massive campaign against the consequential mine closures and dismissals, punctuated by “stay in” strikes...
	www.agitprop.org.au /lefthistory/1993_ross_an_autobiographical_sketch.php (20009 words)

	Newmont Mining Corporation - Waihi Gold: History and Timeline
		Waihi School of Mines established and located in School Lane, Waihi.
		Above: The Waihi Gold Mining Company was formed and construction activities at the new Martha Mine commenced on 18th July 1987.
		In contrast to the early mining on Martha Hill, environmental considerations were, and remain, a primary consideration in the planning and operation of mining projects.
	www.newmont.com /en/operations/australianz/waihigold/history/timeline/index.asp (1140 words)

	Care2connect.com - groups - discussion
		Life as a miner was hard and just getting to the diggings was a test of endurance.
		Miners would travel by foot, horse or wagon across rivers, hills, gullies and swamps.
		The Chinese miners were usually relegated to sifting through what the Europeans had left behind.
	www.care2.com /c2c/groups/disc.html?gpp=1152&pst=175446 (11358 words)

	TOM BARKER OF AUCKLAND (AND THE WORLD) \| Unite Workers Federation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The climax came with the storming of the union hall by police and scabs, the shooting of a policeman and the murder of one of the strikers.
		Barker visited Waihi during the strike, witnessing some of the violent clashes and then attending the funeral of the murdered striker, Frederick Evans, when his body was brought up to Auckland.
		The IWW was calling for an all-out general strike, pleading with farm workers to walk off the job and force their masters back home from the cities.
	unite.org.nz /tom_barker_of_auckland_and_the_world (5936 words)

	[No title]
		Close to the mine was a prosperous little town occupied chiefly by the miners and their families, most of the houses being the property of the mining company, and the men continued to occupy the houses while the strike was in progress.
		Other miners were found who were ready to take their places, but the men in possession refused to move out, and threatened with violence any miners that should attempt to work the mine.
		The bitterness of feeling that had followed the destruction of the Waihi Union, and the loss to its members not only of a good many months of good wages but of the homes they and their families had occupied for years, was a valuable asset in such a campaign.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/1/5/8/7/15876/15876.txt (18376 words)

	PAY December 98 News Briefs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Waihi Gold had to produce an application which Brown saw as an onerous exercise in itself, along with two volumes of environmental assessment together with 31 supporting technical documents.
		Brown said there were many instances where Waihi Gold staff and their consultants were compelled to educate the council technical reviewers on technical issues, but at the company’s cost.
		All the major miners and project developers are expected to present, including those who put up their hand for the originally planned Kalgoorlie event.
	www.oberon.com.au /Paydirt_Online/pay98dec.htm (2605 words)

	SEPTEMBER 2004
		Waihi township is situated on the banks of the Ohinemuri River (North Island).
		One day they stopped at Waihi Beach and the prophet walked through the trees and over the hills until he got to the foot of Martha Hill, where he realised he was thirsty.
		This strike was in the vicinity of Pukewa, but the capital needed to work the claim caused it to be abandoned.
	kiwiphile.org /sep2004.html (5230 words)

	Timeline: The History of the Martha Mine
		The Waihi Gold Mining Company adopted the cyanide process for gold extraction, which was first trialled at Karangahake.
		Mine closure: during its life the Martha Mine produced 174,160 kg (5.6 million oz) of gold and 1,193,180 kg (38.4 million oz) of silver from 11,932,000 tonnes of ore. For 70 years the Martha was mined, employing a work force averaging 600 people.
		Waihi Mining and Development (Mineral Resources and Green and McCahill) obtained a Prospecting Licence on Martha Hill.
	www.marthamine.co.nz /timeline.html (936 words)

	Waihi Museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		In the years prior to 1907, when the Miner's' Union affiliated with the Federation of Labour, relations between the employees and the Company were reasonably amicable, but by now the increasingly large staff became more distant with the management controlled by a board of Directors in England.
		Tension between the Unions grew, resulting in the miners refusing to be lowered to their work place by what they considered were un-co-operative engine drivers.
		Evidence given at the death of Frederick George Evans, stated that during a confrontation at the door of the Miners Union Hall a shot was fired by Evans who then fled out the back door, chased by constable Wade and some of the non-strikers.
	www.waihi.co.nz /arts/museum (567 words)

	Waikato Times: local, national & world news from Waikato's daily newspaper: Punters strike gold at Waihi mine open day
		ROCK ON: Looking for gold in Waihi yesterday were Alex Blakeway, six, and his brother Fraser, five, from Tauranga.
		Once punters got down into the pit they could have a go at activities such as rock fossicking and gold panning – with some of the gold planted by the company.
		It was the last chance for people in the area to see a working mine before it closes for rehabilitation.
	www.stuff.co.nz /stuff/0,,3541965a6579,00.html (309 words)

	Marxism message, A tale of two deaths (from the class war in New Zealand)
		When young engine-driver Frederick Evans was batoned to death by a policeman during the Waihi miners' strike in 1912, the response by his friends and comrades - and by the other side - was very different indeed.
		The Waihi strike came to a bloody climax on November 12, when scabs stormed the miners' hall and Frederick Evans, one of its defenders, had his life taken by a police baton.
		As the left-wing paper 'The Maoriland Worker' noted, the workers' organisation was "too incomplete to meet the forces of the employers, the farmer scabs, and the armed and legal power of the state." Sadly, the outcome of this period of defeats was the establishment of the Labour Party and a century of treachery.
	archives.econ.utah.edu /archives/marxism/2000w17/msg00129.htm (966 words)

	New Zealand
		In contrast, Massey made strenuous efforts to control the militant trade unions and the newly formed Federation of Labour, including the violent suppression of the 1912 Waihi miners' strike.
		Holland was soon faced with formidable trouble in the dockers' dispute, which first began in June 1950, and eventually led to a long strike accompanied by serious disturbances.
		The creation of a new independent waterside workers' union proved a decisive setback to the left, and the prime minister's hard attitude led eventually to the settlement of a protracted coal strike.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0019830.html (3782 words)

	DNZB / BIOGRAPHY
		It was widely believed - and very likely - that Herdman's personal influence dictated the heavy government response to the 1912 Waihi miners' strike, when police used armed force, and to the waterfront strike of 1913, when special constables were deployed to disperse the strikers.
		Shortly before the strike, in April 1913, elements of the Auckland police attempted to form an association to press for improvements in their very poor conditions of employment.
		The most spectacular case was the arrest of the Tuhoe prophet Rua Kenana in April 1916 with a degree of armed force out of all proportion to the liquor licensing charges concerned.
	www.dnzb.govt.nz /dnzb/Essay_Body.asp?PersonEssay=3H18&QuickSearch=true (1401 words)

	Waihi Gold Mining Museum and Art Gallery: Schools
		Before it became law that water had to be used with drills underground and when quartz was crushed, many miners lost their lives to a disease known as 'Miner's Phtisis'.
		In 1912 something happened in Waihi which caused many of the miners and their families to leave town.
		The Waihi Gold Mining Company (later to be renamed the Martha Gold Mining Company) was the biggest.
	www.waihimuseum.co.nz /schools.html (972 words)

	Port worker's wife killed on New Zealand picket line
		Christine Clark, a 45-year-old mother of two, died on New Year's Eve in Christchurch Hospital's intensive care unit, seven hours after the life support system, which had kept her alive for the previous three days, was turned off.
		It was the first death on a picket line in New Zealand since the Waihi miners' strike of 1912.
		The incident in which Clark was injured occurred while port workers and a strong group of local supporters were picketing over a decision by the Lyttelton Port Company to contract out its coal loading operations.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2000/jan2000/nz-j05.shtml (1382 words)

	POLITICAL PARTIES - “RED” FEDERATION OF LABOUR - 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
		Following the Blackball coal miners' strike of February-March 1908, a conference of West Coast miners' unions met in Greymouth in August 1908 to form a New Zealand Federation of Miners.
		Besides coal and gold miners, the federation gained the affiliation of most waterside unions, as well as general labourers', shearers', and other, mainly unskilled, unions.
		It suffered its first setback in the Auckland General Labourers' dispute of 1912, and was again defeated in the bitter Waihi gold miners' strike later that year.
	www.teara.govt.nz /1966/P/PoliticalParties/redFederationOfLabour/en (427 words)

	CONSOLIDATION AND SOCIAL REFORM, New Zealand Tourist Information and Travel Guide at InfoHub.com
		The 1912 election was won by William Massey's Reform Party, with the support of the farmers or "cow cockies".
		Allegiances were now substantially polarized and 1912 and 1913 saw bitter fighting at a series of strikes at the gold mines of Waihi, the docks at Timaru and the wharves of Auckland.
		As workers opposed to the arbitration system withdrew their labour, the owners organized scab labour, while the hostile Farmers' Union recruited mounted "specials" to add to the government force of "special constables".
	www.infohub.com /destinations/Australasia-&-South-Pacific/New-Zealand/69043.htm (976 words)

	Holland, Harry [Henry Edmund] - Biographical entry - Reason in Revolt
		In 1909 Holland was convicted of sedition for his role in the Broken Hill Strike.
		He had been involved in the 1913 strike agitation and was imprisioned again for three months in 1913 for the use of seditious language.
		In 1916 he helped form the New Zealand Labour Party, was elected to Parliament in 1918 and occupied the Chairmanship of that party until his death in 1933.
	www.reasoninrevolt.net.au /biogs/E000185b.htm (302 words)

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