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Topic: Wairau Affray

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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Wairau Affray (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In New Zealand history, the Wairau Affray on June 17, 1843, also known as the Wairau Massacre in most older texts, was the first serious clash of arms between the Maori natives and the British settlers after the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi.
		The Wairau River is one of the longer rivers in New Zealands South Island.
		Wairau Affair or Incident would be a more accurate title, but the facts became lost in a welter of subsequent events and the need to justify the British position.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Wairau-Affray (1747 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Te Rauparaha (1760s?-1849) was a MÄori chief and war leader of the Ngati Toa tribe who took a leading part in the Musket Wars.
		He was influential in the original sale of land to the New Zealand Company and was a participant in the Wairau Affray in Marlborough.
		This quickly led to tension and the upshot was the Wairau Affray when a party from Nelson tried to arrest Te Rauparaha and 22 of them were killed.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Te_Rauparaha (605 words)

	[No title]
		Wairau Massacre - Sat 17 Jun 1843 ============================================================================================= Copyright (c)2001 Carol Whyte Auckland New Zealand Rumours were rife at the time that a ship of war was coming with soldiers to punish the old chief, Rangihaeata, for burning down the surveyors huts.
		The government brig 'Victoria' at the request of Mr Thompson carried the party to Wairau with a warrant of arrest for arson of Te Rauparaha and Rangihaeata for burning down Mr Cotterell's house.
		During the affray numbers had been killed on BOTH sides but only the european found by the Rev Mr Ironside are listed.
	www.geocities.com /wlorac/wairaum.txt (661 words)

	WAIRAU AFFRAY - 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
		WAIRAU AFFRAY - 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
		In all, 22 white men and, it is believed, four Maoris lost their lives and others were badly wounded in the Wairau “massacre” of 17 June 1843.
		News of the “massacre”, as it was called, gave a shock to the colonists, especially those settled at Nelson and Wellington.
	www.teara.govt.nz /1966/W/WairauAffray/mi (468 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Wairau Affray (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In New Zealand history, the Wairau Affray on June 17, 1843, also known as the Wairau Massacre in most older texts, was the first serious clash of arms between the Māori natives and the British settlers after the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi.
		Colonel Wakefield, one of the principal officers of the New Zealand Company, had originally believed that this land comprised part of a large-scale purchase he had made but he later changed his mind and strongly opposed his brother, Captain Arthur Wakefield in his insistence on claiming the land.
		Wairau Affair or Incident would be a more accurate title, but the facts became lost in a welter of subsequent events and the need to justify the Settlers' position.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Wairau_Affray (1413 words)

	TE AO HOU The New World [electronic resource]
		On reaching the mouth of the Wairau River it was found that the Maoris had retired to a more inaccessible position further upstream on the western side of the Tuamarina stream.
		There were frequent references in the local newspapers to the “treacherous murderers of the Wairau”, and enraged correspondents severely criticised the Government for its inactivity and failure to provide sufficient protection from the Maoris.
		At the conclusion of the chief's speech Fitzroy took the only course open to him by declaring that although he could not condone the killing of the prisoners, as the white men had been in the wrong, no action would be taken.
	teaohou.natlib.govt.nz /teaohou/issue/Mao32TeA/c5.html (3815 words)

	Wairau Valley
		Wairau Affray occurred in the Wairau Valley on 17 June 1843.
		The incident was once called perjoratively called the Wairau ‘massacre’, but it now accepted that the Maori were provoked.
		The Wairau River, 257 km long, rises in the Spenser Mountains, and flows through the Wairau Valley into the Pacific at Cloudy Bay.
	www.dreamlike.info /nzl/mar/wa/wairauvalley.htm (324 words)

	xxos
		On 17 June 1843 a party of 50 Europeans, led by Arthur Wakefield, walked into the Wairau Valley from Nelson.
		The European claim to the land was based on a false deed of sale, which the Maori owners had been tricked into signing.
		Despite demands for revenge from settlers in Wellington and Nelson, Governor Fitzroy refused to act, saying that the Maoris had been provoked by the unreasonable actions of the Europeans.
	www.xxos.net /list.php?category=wairau_affray&cat_id=3300029 (154 words)

	Aftermath: Treaty of Waitangi Fact Sheet - Christchurch City Libraries
		One dispute was between the New Zealand Company and the Māori chiefs Te Rauparaha and Te Rangihaeata, which came to a head in the Wairau Affray of 17 June 1843.
		Another was in 1844 when Hone Heke, disillusioned with what had happened since the Treaty was signed, decided to protest by chopping down the British flagpole at Russell (known before as Kororareka).
		For them this means the return of land that was taken illegally, or compensation for the loss of that land, and also that Māori have control and authority over things that are theirs and are consulted on decisions affecting all New Zealanders.
	library.christchurch.org.nz /Reference/TreatyOfWaitangi/Aftermath (885 words)

	Maori_Wars Information - Online Prescription Medication Directory
		Wairau Affray - Flagstaff War - Hutt Valley Campaign - Wanganui Campaign - First Taranaki War - Invasion of the Waikato - Tauranga Campaign - Second Taranaki War - East Cape War - Te Kooti's War - Titokowaru's War
		The first skirmish of the New Zealand Wars was the 1843 Wairau Affray at the north end of the South Island.
		It was an isolated incident caused by the Nelson settlers trying to seize land they did not own, an extra-legal vigilante action that resulted in 22 of them being killed.
	prescriptiondrug-info.com /drug_information_online.asp?title=Maori_Wars (3136 words)

	War in the North (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		An attempt to enforce a doubtful land claim led to the fatal clash between the famous fighting chiefs, Te Rauparaha and Te Rangihaeata, and a small force of Nelson settlers, a conflict usually known as the Wairau Massacre.
		The Wairau encounter had a bad effect on opinion throughout the country.
		It emboldened the Ngapuhi chief, Hone Heke, the young relative of the great Maori warrior, Hongi, to indulge in what was as much as anything a sporting trial of strength with the new rulers of.New Zealand.
	www.colonialcdbooks.com /war_in_the_north.htm (598 words)

	Wakefield Family Grave, Historic Graves and Monuments - Ministry for Culture and Heritage
		Daniel, brother of Edward and William, qualified as a lawyer and emigrated to New Plymouth in 1842 under the assumed name of 'Bowler'.
		After the death of his brother, Captain Arthur Wakefield, killed in the Wairau affray in 1843, he revealed his identity, moved to Wellington and practised law there until his death in 1858.
		He was Attorney-General for New Munster from 1847-1853, and acted as a temporary Supreme Court judge for a period in 1855-6.
	www.mch.govt.nz /emblems/monuments/wakefield.html (388 words)

	Wairau Affray - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The New Zealand Company had built a settlement around Nelson in the north of the South Island in 1840.
		A magistrate and fifty armed settlers tried to enforce their claim to some land in the Wairau Valley.
		He showed them a deed of sale, underestimating the sophistication of the Māori who pointed out that Wairau Plain had been added to the deed later and in a different script.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wairau_Massacre (1435 words)

	DNZB / BIOGRAPHY
		After the Wairau affray of June 1843, he and David Monro were sent as a deputation to Auckland to represent the feelings of the Nelson settlers.
		The experience was such that Domett became a long-time critic of the humanitarian policy in general and of Governor Robert FitzRoy in particular.
		Domett's attitude towards the Taranaki conflict reflected the long-term legacy of his involvement in the aftermath of the Wairau affray.
	www.dnzb.govt.nz /dnzb/Essay_Body.asp?PersonEssay=1D15 (1730 words)

	Ngai Tahu Land Report
		With the question of the company's rights to land at Wairau still being considered by Spain, the settlers attempted to occupy the valley.
		The Wairau affray further heightened uncertainty about the state of affairs in New Zealand.
		The scheme was eventually abandoned when 11 months later news of the Wairau reached Scotland and startled investors and prospective colonists.
	www.knowledge-basket.co.nz /oldwaitangi/text/wai027l/ch05_04.html (2606 words)

	The Lost Guns
		As already stated the existence of these guns I was never able to confirm via photographs, but if they are buried where the old gunners said, they are in the two northern corners of the park.
		Someone has realised the historic significance of this piece and it now resides outside of the Town Council Chambers in Blenheim.* History says that this cannon was part of the reason that the Wairau Affray took place in June of 1843.
		They were also made to place their moko on a deed for the sale of the Wairau plains which they understood to be a receipt for the flax...the rest is history, and captain Arthur Wakefield and his slain company lie buried at a place called Tua Marina.
	riv.co.nz /rnza/shrapnel/lostguns.htm (1593 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Hutt Valley Campaign (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Hutt Valley Campaign of 1846 during the New Zealand land wars could almost be seen as a sequel to the Wairau Affray.
		They assembled a force of about 200 warriors led by Te Rangihaeata, one of the participants in the Wairau Massacre.
		He had been the other main protagonist in the Wairau Massacre and was Te Rangihaeata's uncle.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Hutt_Valley_Campaign (789 words)

	Maori - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		The main conflicts arose over claims to land.
		In 1843 blood was shed during the Wairau Affray, and for the next 30 years sporadic, sometimes very bloody wars occurred between Maori and Europeans, now termed the New Zealand Wars.
		This was the start of the King Movement (see Kingitanga Movement), which was at first viewed as a challenge to British sovereignty, and so the war continued.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /text_761561028___3/Maori.html (639 words)

	xxos
		In 1839 a whaling ship, the Caroline under Captain John Blenkinsop, had visited Wairau and taken on board water and wood.
		He then sailed to Kapiti Island seeking out the chief, Te Rauparaha to pay for the wood.
		Te Rauparaha showed the receipt to another trader who told him he had been defrauded, that the receipt was in fact a bill of sale for the whole of the Wairau Plain.
	www.xxos.net /list.php?category=wairau_affray&cat_id=3300029 (85 words)

	Waitangi Tribunal - About the Reports
		However he had little alternative: his powers were limited, his lines of communication difficult and he had few troops at his disposal to enforce his will against Ngati Toa and Te Atiawa, had he decided such a course was justified.
		The Wairau affray further heightened uncertainty about the state of affairs in New Zealand.
		The scheme was eventually abandoned when 11 months later news of the Wairau reached Scotland and startled investors and prospective colonists.
	www.waitangi-tribunal.govt.nz /reports/viewchapter.asp?reportID=D5D84302-EB22-4A52-BE78-16AF39F71D91&chapter=39 (2649 words)

	CHAPTER II. \| NZETC
		Nelson there was a fine tract of country, known as the Wairau, and which the agents were anxious to appropriate.
		In March, 1843, Captain Wakefield, the agent at Nelson, had offered payment to Rauparaha and Rangihaeata for the “Wairau” lands, and in spite of their refusal to part with them, sent a party of surveyors to cut the district into blocks.
		I interpreted the Governor's speech of enquiry for their version of the Wairau affray, but the natives remained silent.
	www.nzetc.org /tm/scholarly/tei-ClaNote-t1-body-d2.html (9353 words)

	Nelson, New Zealand
		The Maori owners stated quite adamantly that the Wairau Valley had not formed part of the original land sale and made it clear they would resist any attempts by the settlers to occupy the area.
		This resulted in the Wairau Massacre (euphemistically: the Wairau affray; even more euphemistically: the Wairau Incident) wherein twenty-two settlers died.
		The subsequent Government enquiry exonerated the Maori and found that the Nelson settlers had no legitimate claim to any land outside Tasman Bay.
	www.creekin.net /c2544-n134-nelson-new-zealand.html (981 words)

	Frontier of Dreams - The Story of New Zealand - Land of the Long White Cloud - Care2.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		At Wairau Bar in Marlborough, Maori established one of many moa-hunter villages and butchered up to 12,000 there.
		A victim of its own lack of defences and slow rate of reproduction, the moa population decreased rapidly. It took a very short time to exterminate them and in only 200 years there were none left in New Zealand.
		Four Maori and 22 Europeans were killed in the affray.
	www.care2.com /c2c/groups/disc.html?gpp=1152&pst=175446 (11380 words)

	Marlborough Sounds, Havelock, Picton, Blenheim and Seddon, News
		Landscaping and paving work has been completed at the cemetery best known for its memorial to the Wairau Affray and, on Friday June 16, a plaque commemorating the Tuamarina servicemen and women who are buried there will be unveiled.
		To take and use underground water from well P28w/1441 in the Wairau Aquifer up to a maximum rate of 410 cubic metres/day for the irrigation of 18.65 hectares of grapes.
		To take and use underground water from wells P28w/0903, P28w/3044 and P28w/3758 in the Wairau Aquifer up to a maximum rate of 4444 cubic metres/day for use in the irrigation of 202 hectares of grapes.
	www.marlborough.govt.nz /home/news.cfm?content_id=803 (1569 words)

	Auntsfield History - A Look Back at the Land's Colourful Past (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		But he did have an impact on the region, as the officiating chaplain at the funeral service of the Wairau Affray victims.
		Meadowbank was a massive station, which at the time stretched from the Awatere in the South, to the Wairau Valley in the North and the Taylor River to the Brancott on the east and west.
		But Empson and Eye's days as station owners were to come to an end in 1866, when a massive drop in the price paid for wool, (doesn't that sound familiar?) saw both men having to sell to Doctor Ralph Richardson, who held their mortgage.
	www.auntsfield.co.nz /his.html (1730 words)

	[No title]
		Woolrych, and others, has for its object the settlement of persons of small capital and industrious habits in the new colony, the climate and soil of which are described as perfect.
		Ronaldson, senior, was, from time to time, reminded by the ladies of his acquaintance that his daughter's prospects would be utterly ruined if she were not sent abroad to enjoy the companionships and avocations of her own age and sex.
		The brother and sister, however, looked forward to the exile's return when all possibility of his connection with the poaching affray was removed.
	www.gutenberg.net.au /ebooks05/0500801.txt (22181 words)

	Stoke Primary School Nelson NZ History
		This closed however in the turmoil that was the aftermath of the 17 June 1843 Wairau affray and utu killings, when 22 of the new settlement lost their lives.
		The task of public education was taken up instead by the Nelson School Society established "by a number of Christians" under the leadership of Matthew Campbell.
		This expansion of public education was despite the dispiriting effects of insufficient land and employment, the threat of starvation which at one stage forced settlers to dig up seed potatoes again and replant the eyes, and the insecurity resulting from the horrendous tragedy at Wairau.
	www.stoke.school.nz /admin/community/150celebrations.htm (5255 words)

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