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Topic: Wakhi Language

	Wakhi language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The origin of this language is Wakhan in the extreme northeast of Afghanistan.
		In Pakistan, the central organization of Wakhi Tajiks is the Wakhi Tajik Cultural Association Pakistan (WTCA), an organization that is registered with the Government of Pakistan and which works with the colloboration of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and Lok Virsa Pakistan.
		The Association is working for the preservation of the Wakhi Tajiki language and culture, as well as documenting their poetry and music.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wakhi_Language (342 words)

	Pamir languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Pamir languages of the Pamir Mountains of Central Asia are Shughni, Sarikoli, Yazgulyam, Munji, Sanglechi - Ishkashimi, Wakhi, and Yidgha.
		The Bulgar language spoken by the ancestors of modern-day Bulgarians is believed to have been a Pamirian language originally.
		The Shughni, Sarikoli and Yazgulyam languages belong to the Shugni-Yazgulami sub-branch.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pamir_languages (272 words)

	Wakhi language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Wakhi Tajiki language is an Iranian language in the subbranch of East Iranian languages.
		In Pakistan the central organization of Wakhi Tajiks is The Wakhi Tajik Cultural Association Pakistan, (WTCA), a organization that is registered with the Government of Pakistan, and is working with the colloboration with the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and Lok Virsa Pakistan.
		This Association is working for the preservation of Wakhi Tajiki Language and culture as well as documenting the poetry and music.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/w/wa/wakhi_language.html (339 words)

	Encyclopedia: Wakhi Language
		In Pakistan the central organization of Wakhi Tajiks is the Wakhi Tajik Cultural Association Pakistan, (WTCA), an organization that is registered with the Government of Pakistan and that works with the colloboration of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and Lok Virsa Pakistan.
		The education ratio among Wakhi Tajiks in the northern areas of Pakistan is about 60%.
		The Wakhi Tajik Cultural Association has arranged more than twenty programmes since 1984, which includes cultural shows, musical nights, grand musical festivals with the colloboration of Lok Virsa Pakistan, Aga Khan Cultural Service Pakistan and Pakistan Television.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Wakhi-Language (368 words)

	World congress on language policies
		This language is used in Badakhshan as the language of education, press, media, and culture.
		Traditionally, the Tajik (Persian) language was the language of religion for the region.
		At present, the Tajik of Badakhshan is influenced by literary Tajik, the national language of Republic Tajikistan and the language of education, literature, and the media.
	www.linguapax.org /congres/taller/taller2/Dodykhudoeva.html (3571 words)

	Probert Encyclopaedia: Language (W-Wad) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Waama is a Gur language spoken in Benin.
		Waamang is an extinct language formerly spoken in New Caledonia.
		Waci-Gbe is a Kwa language spoken in Togo and Benin.
	www.probertencyclopaedia.com /WW.HTM (148 words)

	Wakhi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The uncertified population of Wakhi Tajiks is about fifty thousand in all over the world.
		The relegion of Wakhi Tajiks is Shia Ismaili Muslim, the followers of Prince Karim Aga Khan.
		This Association is working for the preservation of Wakhi Tajiki Language and culture as wel as documenting the poetry and music.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/wakhi (336 words)

	Wahki History
		The name "Wakhi" is derived from the name of this their traditional homeland the Wakhan Corridor in Afghanistan.
		The Wakhi people belong to an ancient Iranian stock of people, whose language Wakhi is the most primitive form of Persian still spoken and differs from the Tadjik language.
		The Wakhi's though found themselves in trouble by the second half of the 19th century, with the first refugees crossing into Chitral in 1886, due to an unknown cause.
	www.northernpakistan.com /synapse/homepage/view.cfm?edit_id=40&website=NorthernPakistan.com (503 words)

	Dardic languages in Chitral (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The primary language of Chitral is Khowar, which is the mother tongue of 90% of the population.
		Among the ten languages indigenous to Chitral, little is known about Wakhi, except that it is believed to be an archaic variety of Persian, perhaps similar to that spoken in the former Soviet Republic of Tajikistan.
		The languages of Khowar, Phalura, Dameli, Gawar-Bati, Nuristani, Kalasha, Yidgha and Munji are all classified as Dardic languages in the Indo-European family of languages.
	www.ishipress.com /dardic.htm (2918 words)

	The Alekseev Manuscript - Chapter VII: Bronze Age in Eurasia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		HOLLIS equates Nuristani with Dardic 28, with Bashgali 29, and with the Kafiri languages 30 (Bashgali, Dardic, and Nuristani are languages of Afghanistan).
		The Italic languages and dialects according to HOLLIS are related to the Faliscan, Latin, and Venetic languages and have a grammar comparable to Armenian and Etruscan.
		The Tokharian language is synonymous with Yueh Cheh.
	www.drummingnet.com /alekseev/ChapterVII.html (12974 words)

	Wakhi Language
		The Wakhi language belongs to the southern group of the Pamir languages, in the Iranian group of the Indo-European family of languages, where the different Ishkashmi and Wakhi languages are included.
		The Wakhi language, rich in archaisms, differs considerably from the Pamir languages, and generally from the southeastern group of Iranian languages, having certain common characteristics with the Indian languages.
		The language for schooling is, without exception, Tadzhik, which places Wakhi in a passive role and accelerates the disintegration of the language.
	www.geocities.com /explorepassu1/wakhi_language.htm (453 words)

	Encyclopedia: Wakhi
		Adjective; of or relating to Wakhan, the extreme northeastern region of Afghanistan that borders China, Tajikistan, and Pakistan.
		The Wakhi Language ; the language of the majority of the people of Wakhan.
		The Wakhi ethnic group, consisting of speakers of Wakhi.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Wakhi (171 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Old Persian was the administrative language of the early Achaemenian dynasty dating from the 6th century BC; and an eastern Middle Indo-Aryan dialect was the language of the chancellery of the Mauryan emperor Ashoka in India in the mid-3rd century BC.
		Similarly, the languages of the Scytho-Sarmatian inscriptions may represent dialects of a language family of which Modern Ossetic is a continuation, but it does not simply represent the same language at an earlier date.
		In addition to being the national language of Tajikistan, Tajik is important as the lingua franca of the Pamirs mountain range, a region where a remarkable variety of Iranian languages and dialects are spoken.
	stp.ling.uu.se /~kamalk/language/indo_iran%20lang.html (11276 words)

	Iranica.com - GRYUNBERG TSVETINOVICH
		The result of his research was a series of studies on The languages of the Eastern Hindu Kush ( Yazyki vostochnogo gindukusha), the first of which to be published was on the Munji language (1972), based on the texts he had recorded in 1966-67 in the Monja@n valley of Afghanistan.
		Steblin-Kamenski¥, was on the Wakhi language (1976) and, similar to the previous works, based mainly on the texts recorded in Tajik and Afghan Badakòæa@n.
		Yazyk severoazerbaidzhanskikh tatov (The language of the Tats of northern Azerbaijan), Leningrad, 1963.
	www.iranica.com /articles/v11f4/v11f4009.html (682 words)

	Dissertation Abstract, The Discursive Construction of Reality in the Wakhi Community of Northern Pakistan
		Wakhi discourse is presented through original translations from transcriptions of recordings made during field research in the Shimshal, Avgarch, and Chapursan Wakhi communities in the Gojal area of northern Pakistan from 1995 to 1997.
		These communities speak Wakhi, a language with no written tradition that is one of the Pamir languages and part of the modern East Iranian group of the Iranian language family.
		The dissertation contributes to the understanding of Wakhi phonology and of the effects of the introduction of transcription literacy on oral expression.
	www.mockandoneil.com /dissabs.htm (300 words)

	List of languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ethnologue lists about 6,800 main languages in its language name index (see the external link) and distinguishes about 41,000 alternate language names and dialects.
		This list deals with particular languages, and includes only natural and constructed languages spoken by humans.
		See List of spoken and sign languages beginning with the letter Z for about 50 more.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/list_of_languages (213 words)

	Kirghiz language resources
		Kirghiz is the language of Kyrgyzstan, and includes about two and a half million native speakers.
		Kirghiz is a Turkic language spoken in the former Soviet Republic of Kirgizskaya.
		Though the so-called Fu-yÃ¼ language of Manchuria is considered a Kirghiz dialect, it is closely related to South Siberian Turkic, eg Yenisey Turkic.
	www.mongabay.com /indigenous_ethnicities/languages/languages/Kirghiz.html (1023 words)

	Chitral News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Their language is called Damia, which is related to Khowar and Gowarbati.
		The Kirzhiz belong to a famous Turk race of Central Asia and their language "Kirghiz" is well known in the history.
		They are immigrants from Chilas and their language is a dialect of Shina.
	www.chitralnews.com /Social%20setup.htm (413 words)

	Iranian Language Family (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Middle Persian was initially the language of the province of Pars ( Persia), and a development of the Old Persian of the Achaemenid royal inscriptions or one of its close dialects.
		It was also taken as the language of artistic expression and science by the population of Central Asia and Muslim inhabitants of China, as well as the aristocratic classes of Ottoman Turkey.
		Almost all of the speakers of these minor languages are bi-lingual in the official languages of theirrespective countries; such is also the case with the speakers of Kurdish, Baluchi, and Pashto.
	www.iranologie.com /history/ilf.html (2844 words)

	Encyclopedia: Habib R. Sulemani
		Habib R. Sulemani (born June 5, 1971, Gulmit, Gojal, Hunza) is a young poet, writer and journalist, living in Pakistan.
		He has been writing in three languages: English, Urdu and Wakhi.
		Extensive work on the Wakhi language and the culture of Gojal, the upper Hunza.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Habib-R.-Sulemani (221 words)

	The Rosetta Project: the 1000 language archive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Wakhi texts are available in the categories below.
		A brief language description provided courtesy of the Summer Institute of Linguistics.
		Send a message to a language specialist or native speaker who might be able to review or contribute materials.
	www.rosettaproject.org /live/search/detailedlanguagerecord?ethnocode=WBL (99 words)

	Wakhi language - Iridis Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Wakhi Tajik Cultural Association has arranged more than twenty programmes since 1984, which includes cultural shows, musical nights, grand musical festivels with the colloboration of Lok Virsa Pakistan, Aga Khan Cultural Service Pakistan and Pakistan Television.
		Ethnologue data: Languages of the World, 14th Edition[ [1] ]
		The Wakhis : Article from the Ismaili dot net[ [2] ]
	www.iridis.com /Wakhi_Language (316 words)

	The Voice of the Nightingale (Sabine Felmy) - review
		From the Wakhan Corridor, the long extension of Afghanistan reaching eastwards to touch China, the Wakhi have migrated into China, Pakistan, and Tajikstan: some 30 000 are split fairly evenly between the four countries.
		Combining personal experiences, the life stories of informants, and some research, it is broad rather than deep: lacking any kind of theoretical or comparative perspective, it will primarily appeal to those with a prior interest in the region.
		Felmy begins with a sketch of the history of the Wakhi and the relationships of the Wakhi community in Ghujal with surrounding states, as well as of early European encounters with Wakhi culture and language and modern attempts to protect and preserve them.
	dannyreviews.com /h/Voice_Nightingale.html (295 words)

	The Tajikistan Update - Ishkashmi-English Vocabulary
		The Wakhi word bai and the Ishkashmi word ambi both are translated into English as "a cave." Below is complete listing, found on page 9 of Grierson's work, of the abbreviated language-references found in Ishkashmi, Zebaki, and Yazghulami.
		After each Ishkashmi word I give, so far as they are available, the corresponding, Wakhi and Yazghulami word in Sir Aurel Stein's collection, and also (within marks of parenthesis) a selection of coresponding words in all the Pamiri language, taken partly from Shaw's articles, partly from Biddulph's Yudgha Vocabulary, and partly from my own materials.
		The order of words is that employed by me for other Eranian languages, and also for the Dardic languages, including Kashmiri.
	www.angelfire.com /sd/tajikistanupdate/isheng.html (6134 words)

	EXPLORE PAKISTAN (About Our Team Page)
		Muzaffar is also resource person for research and development oriented tourist visiting our area, being a tourist guide, resource persons, research associate and environmental specialists he will act an anchor for our research related clients.
		He is now leading the team of Explore Pakistan; he has vast knowledge and experience to deal the cultural group, visiting to know the Indus Valley civilization, Ghandara civilization, and other cultural pattern existing in Pakistan.
		Driving on the KKH and on the rough track of remote valleys are an adventurous experience for every traveller but you will not only enjoy is skillful driving but also is company all along the journey.
	www.explorepak.com /about_our_team.html (762 words)

	North Pakistan + Western China: a 1999 trip report
		In the hotel there I found an English language newspaper, with a story along the lines of "The Afghan border has been closed; Taleban are converging on Chitral for the funeral of a religious leader killed in a land dispute".
		WAKHI (WAKHANI, WAKHIGI, VAKHAN, KHIK) [WBL] 9,100 in Pakistan including 4,500 to 6,000 Gojal, 2,000 Ishkoman, 200 Yasin, 900 Yarkhun (1992), plus refugees; 7,000 in Afghanistan (1979); 7,000 in Tajikistan (1993); 6,000 in China; 29,000 in all countries.
		What is called 'Tajik' in China is actually the Sarikoli language, an Eastern Iranian language linguistically, and not the same language as the Tajik of Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Iran, which is a Western Iranian language linguistically.
	www.danny.oz.au /travel/1999/pakistan (19737 words)

	The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire
		The self-designation is vuhh, hik, vahi (Tadzhik vahhon), and their language is called Hik zik.
		Shaw travelled about in the areas of the dialects of the Wakhi language in China, on the territory of the present-day Uighur autonomous region in Xinjiang.
		In Afghanistan, compared to the Tadzhik Wakhs, the extinction of the Wakhi language is a slower process, as there is no compulsory education and literacy is still not widespread.
	ismaili.net /mirrors/pamir_001/wakhs.shtml (910 words)

	The Tajikistan Update - Cultural, Language, & Ethnicity
		While many of the ethnic Russians have fled Tajikistan during the last decade the Russian language is still spoken by much of the native population.
		Examples of the Pamir languages spoken in Tajikistan are: Shughni, Roshani, Vakhi, Iskhashimi, Sarikoli, Baratangi, Kufi, Yazgulemi, and Oroshori.
		The Pamir language groups are located in Afghanistan, where the Shughni, Roshani, Iskashmi, and Wakhi live.
	www.angelfire.com /sd/tajikistanupdate/culture.html (1895 words)

	Afghanistan Country Study
		Turkic languages are not in the same family as Indo﷓European languages (such as Dari and Pashtu).
		The Ismaili Wakhi farm and herd in the lower valleys.
		"The Kirghiz refer to Wakhi as sort (a derogatory term) and regard them as "nonbelievers." Feelings of contempt are mutual, yet both groups have developed increased economic dependence on each other." The Kirghiz cannot grow grain in their inhospitable environment and consequently must purchase this from the Wakhi.
	www.gl.iit.edu /govdocs/afghanistan/EthnicityAndTribe.html (4350 words)

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