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Topic: Wall cloud

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	Wall Clouds: a lowering in the cloud base
		Researchers have shown that wall clouds probably develop when some rain-cooled air is pulled upward, along with the more buoyant air, as the strengthening updraft attempts to replace ever-growing volumes of rising air.
		Thus, the wall and tail cloud probably develop sometime after an intense supercell or multicell storm begins to precipitate.
		Looking to the northwest, we see a detached scud cloud which had just emerged from the precipitation area and was moving rapidly southwestward (from right to left).
	ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu /(Gh)/wwhlpr/wall_cloud.rxml?hret=/guides/mtr/svr/torn/home.rxml (140 words)

	Definitions of Atmospheric Variables
		Frequently used as a synonym for a wall cloud although it actually is a generally circular ring of cloud surrounding the upper portion of a wall cloud.
		Motions in the tail cloud are toward the wall cloud with rapid updraft at the junction of tail and wall cloud.
		This horizontal cloud is not a funnel or tornado.
	www.srh.noaa.gov /ffc/html/spotglos.shtml (1877 words)

	CJ's Place of Interests - Thunderstorms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Wall clouds are usually about two miles in diameter and mark the area of strongest updraft in the storm.
		A shelf cloud may also appear to the southwest of a wall cloud in association with a phenomena called the rear flank downdraft (which will be discussed later).
		Shelf clouds tend to slope downward away from the precipitation while wall clouds tend to slope upward away from the precipitation area.
	www.midtel.net /~cjworeth/thunder2.html (1949 words)

	Wall Clouds and other Lowerings
		The wall cloud is defined as an isolated cloud lowering attached to the rain free base.
		The wall cloud is usually to the rear (generally south or southwest) of the visible precipitation area.
		Sometimes, though, the wall cloud may be to the east or southeast of the precipitation area.
	www.tsgc.utexas.edu /stars/tscloud.html (521 words)

	Wx Savvy \| (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		An important quality of a wall cloud is that it is always rain free, meaning no rain falls from this lowering cloud.
		The reason a wall cloud has a rain free base is because the air is actually moving upward into the wall cloud.
		On the other hand, a wall cloud could produce a tornado at any moment and for that reason it is an exciting cloud formation and possible omen for storm chasers.
	weathersavvy.com /Q-Clouds_WallCloud.html (472 words)

	NWS Louisville: Cloud Classifications and Characteristics
		Altocumulus clouds with some vertical extent may denote the presence of elevated instability, especially in the morning, which could become boundary-layer based and be released into deep convection during the afternoon or evening.
		Stratus clouds are uniform and flat, producing a gray layer of cloud cover which may be precipitation-free or may cause periods of light precipitation or drizzle.
		clouds are hybrids of layered stratus and cellular cumulus, i.e., individual cloud elements, characteristic of cumulo type clouds, clumped together in a continuous distribution, characteristic of strato type clouds.
	www.crh.noaa.gov /lmk/soo/docu/cloud_classifications.php (1052 words)

	weather terms glossary
		Wall clouds can range from a fraction of a mile up to nearly five miles in diameter, and normally are found on the south or southwest (inflow) side of the thunderstorm.
		Wall clouds should be monitored visually for signs of persistent, sustained rotation and/or rapid vertical motion.
		"Wall cloud" also is used occasionally in tropical meteorology to describe the inner cloud wall surrounding the eye of a tropical cyclone, but the proper term for this feature is eyewall.
	www.pilotfriend.com /pilot_resources/met/w.htm (767 words)

	Thermodynamic Chart Climate glossary - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		-T- Tail Cloud* - A horizontal, tail-shaped cloud (not a funnel cloud) at low levels extending from the precipitation cascade region of a supercell toward the wall cloud (i.e., it usually is observed extending from the wall cloud toward the north or northeast).
		Cloud motion in the tail cloud is away from the precipitation and toward the wall cloud, with rapid upward motion often observed near the junction of the tail and wall clouds.
		Compare with beaver tail, which is a form of inflow band that normally attaches to the storm's main updraft (not to the wall cloud) and has a base at about the same level as the updraft base (not the wall cloud).
	www.geographic.org /climate/t.html (1203 words)

	Spotting Wall Clouds and Mesocyclones
		This wall cloud was associated with an LP supercell thunderstorm and produced a brief weak rope tornado and damaging softball size hail.
		Some wall clouds form from a flat rain-free base after a burst of outflow and scud from the precipitation area, while others form before a significant precipitation area is visible.
		It is not uncommon with large intense storms for wall clouds to be "tucked" in close to the precipitation area and difficult to see in the dark shadows underneath the tallest storm towers.
	www.k5kj.net /wall.htm (1985 words)

	Metro Skywarn -
		Funnel clouds are found at the rear of the storm, usually from a wall cloud.
		A way to differentiate scud clouds from wall clouds is to watch their relative position with respect to the rain area: scud clouds move away from the rain area while wall clouds maintain the same relative distance.
		Wall clouds are found in the rear of the storm; NEVER on the leading edge.
	www.skywarn.ampr.org /glossary.html (1316 words)

	Jeff's Weather Photos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This was the second of two wall clouds I sighted in southern Kansas on May 24, 1998.
		Notice how the wall cloud slopes away from the precipitation core, and is beginning to detatch from the cloud base.
		Fifteen minutes after this photo was taken, the wall cloud reattached to the rain-free base - and later began sloping towards the precipitation core and rotating fifteen minutes after that.
	home.earthlink.net /~jwear/wall.htm (108 words)

	Wall cloud - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the special case of a supercell thunderstorm, the wall cloud will often be seen to be rotating.
		Occasionally people see a shelf cloud and think they have seen a wall cloud, which is an easy mistake, since an approaching shelf cloud appears to form a wall made of cloud.
		Generally speaking, a shelf cloud appears on the leading edge of a storm, and a wall cloud will usually be at the rear of the storm.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wall_cloud (183 words)

	Tornadic wall cloud formation
		This is the difference in the convective condensation level of the thunderstorm base and the new lifted condensation level of the wall cloud due to cooler outflow air.
		From the time the wall cloud formed to this rotation started was less than 5 minutes.
		In this case the storm later formed a wall cloud, but the transitional phase is the subject shown here.
	www.chaseday.com /mesoformation.htm (1038 words)

	Glossary
		Tornadoes and funnel clouds are usually pendant from wall clouds or directly from the thunderstorm base, within a few miles to the southwest of the precipitation shaft.
		The wall cloud is usually situated in the southwest portion of the storm below an intense updraft marked by the main
		When seen from several miles away, many wall clouds exhibit rapid upward motion and rotation in the same sense as a tornado, except with considerably lower speed.
	www.movies.warnerbrothers.com /twister/cmp/glossary.html (1359 words)

	CLOUD TYPES
		Anvil clouds, wall clouds, and funnel clouds are examples of accessory clouds.
		The funnel cloud is the visible portion of a tornado produced from clouds.
		These clouds are located 75 to 90 kilometers above the surface and are rarely seen due to their extremely low moisture density.
	www.theweatherprediction.com /clouds (705 words)

	Cloud Chart (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		These clouds will form halos around the sun, and many times, a halo is the only indication of their presence.
		Wall clouds can range from a fraction of a mile to five miles in diameter and are usually located on the southwest portion of a thunderstorm under the updraft base.
		These long, white cloud streaks are made as hot exhaust gases from jet planes condense to form clounds in the upper atmosphere.
	www.geocities.com /stormchsr77/Chart.html (725 words)

	Tornadoes, wall clouds...you get the picture...
		This is the wall cloud that produced the F2 tornado in the next picture.
		We were the first chasers on this storm, and got to see the wall cloud form.
		The inflow stinger into the new wall cloud made the two appear to be connected..
	www.geocities.com /stormchsr77/Tornadoes-n-Stuff.html (1011 words)

	SEVERE STORM STRUCTURE: WALL CLOUD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The wall cloud is located in the updraft region of a supercell.
		Due to the rapidly rising air and the verticality of the rising air, the cloud base is close to the ground within the wall cloud.
		The wall cloud will often be witnessed as rotating since directional wind shear acts on the updraft as it rises.
	www.theweatherprediction.com /habyhints/356 (77 words)

	Welecome to [Your Company Name]
		The Wall Cloud is usually in the southwest portion of the storm within several miles of the rain area.
		The Wall Cloud is located in the southwest quadrant of the storm, and formed 30 minutes prior to the tornado.
		When the scud is attached to the cloud base as in Figure 20, it is very difficult to distinguish it from a wall cloud or tornado.
	www.moundweather.com /spotter.html (4416 words)

	Wall Cloud (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		- A wall cloud (not a very appropriate name) is a lowering of the base of a thunderhead.
		The cloud has rotation, and funnel clouds often form at the edge.
		The funnel cloud, and the power lines, were built in Infini-D 4.5.
	members.aol.com /beyondvr/wall.html (88 words)

	[No title]
		It was beneath the tail cloud and not the wall cloud!
		Tornadic wall clouds usually persist for "tens of minutes" prior to tornadogenesis, whereas non-tornadic wall clouds often don't persist as long.
		Finally, tornadic wall clouds are characterized by strong, warm inflow from the southeast and east, usually much stronger inflow than that with non-tornadic storms.
	www.cloudysky.ir /data/data0334.php (314 words)

	Severe Information
		When a wall cloud is rotating it is not something that requires any imagination to see.
		This tail cloud also looks a lot like a beaver tail, but it is very low to the ground and attaching to the wall cloud.
		The scud is not attached to a storm base...a wall cloud is. Scud is not dangerous.
	www.extremeinstability.com /storminfo.htm (4149 words)

	Sheboygan County
		Most tornadoes are found in, or very near a rotating "wall cloud", on the south or southwest side of a thunderstorm.
		The wall cloud is a distinct lowering of the rain-free (or almost rain-free) base of a thunderstorm.
		Wall clouds that are persistent, and show signs of rotation, should be closely monitored for possible tornadic development.
	www.co.sheboygan.wi.us /html/d_emergmang_sevwthr_tornado.html (802 words)

	Kansas Tornadoes!
		This intense, rotating wall cloud produced a brief, needle type tornado near Damar Kansas, June 09, 2005.
		Rotating Wall Clouds like this can produce tornadoes, severe wind damage from RFD (Rear Flank Downdraft) and Microburst winds as high as 160 KPH, (this RFD was approximately 120 to 130KPH) and very large hail up to the size of softballs.
		This tornadic storm actually produced several rotating wall clouds, high RFD winds, microbursts, large hail, heavy rain, funnel clouds, and 2 tornadoes.
	stormchasing.ca /_wsn/page9.html (984 words)

	John Farley's Weather Photos
		In the first photo, a gap can be seen between the lowest cloud tag in the front (from our view) of the area of rotation, which was moving to the right, and the lowest cloud tag in the back, which was moving to the left.
		It, too, produced a wall cloud, as well as a lighting strike that sent smoke or steam rising from a field about 200 feet from our car as we drove past the field (sorry, no picture of this!).
		Soon, I got a shot of a second large wall cloud which appeared to extend to the ground, but this was an illusion created by its passage behind a hill.
	www.siue.edu /~jfarley/weaphoto.htm (5902 words)

	Tornado with wall cloud (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		"Wall" is probably not a good descriptive word for it, but an early and better characterization, "pedestal", never caught on.
		A wall cloud often precedes the formation of a tornado.
		Here, the tornado on the left is roping out as the wall cloud on the right organizes further and strengthens.
	members.aol.com /tornadfoto/p-wall2.html (80 words)

	May 25, 1996 Storm Chase Report - Friona, Texas Supercell Thunderstorm and Tornadoes
		The main updraft and its associated wall cloud was located to the north (left), but was obscured by the dark shadows under the main storm tower.
		Vertical ribs formed as a funnel shaped lowering descended toward the Earth underneath the center of the wall cloud.
		Cloud elements were flowing west toward the mesocyclone at a high rate of speed.
	www.k5kj.net /960525.htm (1118 words)

	Shelf cloud - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A shelf cloud is a low, horizontal wedge-shaped arcus cloud, associated with a thunderstorm gust front (or occasionally with a cold front, even in the absence of thunderstorms).
		Unlike a roll cloud, a shelf cloud is attached to the base of the parent cloud above it (usually a thunderstorm).
		Rising cloud motion often can be seen in the leading (outer) part of the shelf cloud, while the underside often appears turbulent, boiling, and wind-torn.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shelf_cloud (187 words)

	Cats-n-Dog of the Sky
		Northeast portion of Silverton supercell with arching inflow cloud.
		Rotating wall cloud and tail cloud under Silverton storm.
		Large hail was reported in the area of the wall cloud.
	chaseday.com /catndogs2.htm (300 words)

	May 30, 1999 - Brady, NE Wall Cloud
		The wall cloud did not dissipate, but we briefly lost it do to bad contrast and rain obscuring the area of interest.
		A nice sustained funnel cloud hung from the wall cloud with a mid level funnel to the east of the wall cloud.
		A violent downdraft near the precip sent a significant dust foot under the wall cloud, resulting in the slow process of the wall cloud becoming outflow dominated.
	www.targetarea.net /may3099.html (2071 words)

	tornado, storm chase, and weather photos and video by William Hark
		Funnels, rotating wall clouds, tornado, along with beautiful cloud formations, lightning, mammatus, sunsets and other nature photos.
		the roll cloud (V) as it moves to the northwest.
		Feb 11, 1998 - photo of a roll cloud from a dying afternoon thunderstorm at Sweetwaters Preserve in Kenya.
	www.harkphoto.com /storm.html (1493 words)

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