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Topic: Walloon Flanders

	Wallonia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Walloon and Picard dialects used to be the predominant languages of the Walloon people until the beginning of the 20th century; French was the language of the upper class.
		Walloon Region is one of the three regions (southern region, mainly French-speaking, with a population of 3,360,000), the two other regions being the Flemish Region (northern region, mainly Dutch-speaking, with a population of 5,900,000) and the Brussels-Capital Region (officially bilingual French/Dutch but mainly French-speaking, with a population of 980,000).
		Municipalities: of Belgium • of Flanders • of Wallonia • of Brussels
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wallonia (974 words)

	Flanders - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		At this time, for most, the term Flanders is normally taken to refer to either the political, social, cultural and linguistic community (and the corresponding official institution, the Flemish Community), or the geographical area, one of the three regions in Belgium, namely the Flemish region.
		Flanders (and Belgium as a whole) saw some of the greatest losses of life of the First World War including the battles of Ypres and the Somme.
		Flanders was one of the first continental European areas to undergo the Industrial Revolution, in the early 1800s.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Flanders (4033 words)

	flandersonline.org - Walloon government to face financial nightmare due to lack of English knowledge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Two years ago, Walloon politicians of all kinds of factions still forced the federal parliament to alter the prevailing Belgian Tobacco Advertising Act, so Formula One boss Bernie Ecclestone could be persuaded of maintaining the race in Wallonia.
		As a result, the race is turning into a financial nightmare to the Walloon government, which is always short of money despite receiving awesome financial transfers through the federal state level and is desperately seeking funds for its so-called Marshall Plan, aiming for a structural recovery of the ailing Walloon economy in the long term.
		The application of these facilities for French-speakers in Flanders has often given rise to political tensions between the Dutch-speaking and Francophone communities, as language facilities are basically at odds with the country's territorial division and French-speakers aren't always inclined to adapt, when settling down in the officially Dutch-speaking area.
	www.flandersonline.org /news/120/12381 (1111 words)

	Mouscron (Municipality, Province of Hainaut, Belgium)
		The population of Mouscron is mostly French-speaking (94% in 1846; 74% in 1947); therefore, on 1 September 1963, Mouscron was detached from the Flemish province of West Flanders and incorporated to the Walloon province of Hainaut, with a small increase in its territory, taken from the municipality of Rekkem.
		The population of Dottignies is mostly French-speaking (90% in 1846; 85% in 1947); therefore, Dottignies was incorporated to the Walloon province of Hainaut in 1963.
		The population of Herseaux is mostly French-speaking (96% in 1846; 79% in 1947); therefore, Dottignies was incorporated to the Walloon province of Hainaut in 1963.
	flagspot.net /flags/be-whtmo.html (1945 words)

	The Flemish Republic
		Flanders pays the Francophones an annually increasing sum, equalling at least 3.5% of Flemish GDP in 1990 and 3.8% in 1999.
		The official figure of the financial transfers from Flanders to Wallonia - 200 billion Belgian francs or 3.8% of Flanders’ GDP in 1999 - is generally regarded as being deliberately underestimated.
		This is 2.4% of the Flemish and 5.8% of the Walloon GDP.
	www.flemishrepublic.org /current_issue.php?id=8 (807 words)

	Turn-Taking, Fingerspelling, and Contact in Signed Languages
		Flanders is the northern part of Belgium, a small triangular country in Western Europe with its capital, Brussels (which is also the capital of Flanders), situated in the middle of the country.
		Contacts between Flemish and Walloon Deaf people have become less and less frequent, and this separation has, of course, had its effect on the development of the signed languages in both communities, which seem to be deviating from each other as they are going through separate standardization processes.
		The Dutch that is spoken in Flanders is the same language as the Dutch that is spoken in the Netherlands with minor differences (mostly pronunciation differences and, to some extent, lexical and minor grammatical differences).
	gupress.gallaudet.edu /excerpts/TTFCthree2.html (801 words)

	Belgium (06/05)
		Flemish Parliament and government for regional and community affairs; Walloon Regional Parliament and government for Walloon regional affairs; Francophone Community Parliament and government for Francophone community affairs; Brussels Regional Parliament and government for Brussels regional affairs; and German-language Community Parliament and government for community affairs.
		Belgium is divided ethnically into the Dutch-speaking Flemings and French-speaking Walloons, the 70,000 residents of the eastern German cantons, and the bilingual capital of Brussels.
		Dutch-speaking Flanders remained agricultural and was economically and politically outdistanced by Brussels and Wallonia.
	www.state.gov /outofdate/bgn/b/60336.htm (5294 words)

	Protected Areas Programme - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In the Walloon Region an EIA decree was passed in September 1985, while a separate ordinance providing for the enforcement of these rules has been effective since January 1988.
		A further inconsistency in Flanders and Walloon has arisen from the fact that anyone in these regions can call an area a nature reserve, so there is little or no consistency in the meaning of this title when applied to unrecognised private reserves (Cutrera, 1987).
		In the Walloon Region nature parks are established under a decree of 16 July 1985 which defines their main objectives as the conservation of the character, diversity and scientific values of the environment and of the natural flora and fauna whilst acknowledging their importance for recreation and tourism.
	www.unep-wcmc.org /protected_areas/data/countrysheets/bel.html (3440 words)

	Untitled Document
		Supporting the same monarchy, ruled by the same laws, but differing in language, customs, blood, and traditions, the nearly two million Walloons who live south of the line look upon the majority Flemings who live north of it as aliens and foreigners.
		Walloons are by nature anticlerical (one might say even bent on the dechristianization of Belgium) and display only a lukewarm affection for monarchy.
		Between the Teutonic Flemings and the German frontier is the French or Walloon speech of Liege, Namur, and Luxemburg.
	thecaveonline.com /APEH/walloondbq.html (1099 words)

	The national Civil Service in Belgium
		An important feature of this period was the difference in economic and social development between Flanders and Walloon, leading to different structures for the two parts of the country.
		Flanders speaks Flemish, is predominantly catholic and christian-democrat whilst Walloon is French-speaking, rather liberal (non-catholic) and with a dominance of the socialists.
		In the 19th and early 20th century, Walloon was the prosperous region, due to its flourishing heavy industry, but since the 1970s Flanders has become the leading economic force in Belgium.
	www.indiana.edu /~csrc/honde.html (17646 words)

	flandersonline.org - Parti Socialiste chairman to recognize need for Walloon economic recovery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Observers agreed that these statements can be regarded as a response to the analysis of the Walloon economy recently made by a handful of leading Walloon academics.
		According to these scholars, the existing financial transfers flowing from Flanders to Wallonia do prevent Walloon people from realizing how bad their economic situation actually is. Wallonia produces a quarter less wealth per capita than an average European region does.
		The Walloon scholars also point out that the Walloon region has never experienced something of a recovery, unlike comparable European regions that used to rely on heavy industry, but fell into decay afterwards, regions such as Liverpool, Glasgow and the North of France.
	www.flandersonline.org /news/120/840 (1098 words)

	[No title]
		It is often referred to as "Flandre maritime" (maritime Flanders) and people used to speak of "Flandre flamingante" (Flemish Flanders) as opposed to "Flandre Lilloise" or "Flandre wallingante" (Walloon Flanders).
		The French Flemings can trace their cultural and linguistic roots back to the time when the region was ruled by the Counts of Flanders, from 892 onwards - a heritage that was not broken by the fact that the region later came under the rule of France, the Hapsburgs, Spain and the Netherlands.
		The ambiguous relationships between the teaching of Dutch as a foreign language and regional Flemish is leading to some lack of understanding between employees in the cultural and educational sectors, on the one hand, and Flemish activists, on the other.
	www.uoc.es /euromosaic/web/document/neerlandes/an/i1/i1.html (2936 words)

	James Riker: History of Harlem, Chapter II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Walloon emigrations of the sixteenth century, already referred to, went largely by way of the Scheldt, the Meuse, and their affluents, to Holland.
		The Walloons were of all others most inveterate in their religious attachments; but being essentially French, and living in close proximity to France, the Calvinistic views had found early entrance among them and made many warm adherents.
		Thus a death-blow was given to Walloon liberty, while the Spanish cause secured the active support of the Catholic Walloons, both nobles and people; turning their weapons against their deserted friends, the Hollanders and Flemings, in their life and death struggle.
	home.comcast.net /~t.r.valentine/riker02.html (4649 words)

	1. CURRENT STATE OF UNIVERSITY CONTINUING EDUCATION
		The teritory is devided in three regions in Belgium: the Flemish Region, the Walloon Region an the Capital Region of Brussels.
		Brussels, the capital district in the heart of the country counts 9,7% of the inhabitants, the Walloon provinces in the south 32,7% of the inhabitants whereas Flanders in the north, houses about 57,6 % of the Belgian population.
		The participating countries/regions were: Belgium (Flanders and the Walloons), Catalonia, Czechia, Denmark, England, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands, Portugal, Scotland, Slovenia and Spain.
	paginas.fe.up.pt /nuce/BELG.html (7158 words)

	Vendramin u. a.: TA and the Regions: the Walloon experiment - 2002
		In 1992, on the initiative of the Walloon Minister of Research and Technology the project EMERIT - Expériences de Médiation et d'Evaluation dans la Recherche et l'Innovation Technologique was started at the Work & Technology Research Centre at the Fondation Travail-Université (FTU) in Namur, Belgium [1].
		At the time, the subject was on the agenda at the Walloon level [2], the Belgian federal level and the European level.
		In the Walloon debate on the institutionalisation of TA, EMERIT tried to promote the concept of technology assessment based on a broad social consultation, specifically involving the social partners, the regional authorities, the world of research and civil society.
	www.itas.fzk.de /tatup/022/veva02a.htm (2210 words)

	EECInetwork - Belgium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Flemish farms are usually smaller than the Walloon ones (Flanders mean surface of agricultural land by farm =12.87 ha ; Wallonia mean surface of agricultural land by farm = 30.29ha).
		The Walloon farms are specialised in beef (milk and breeding) and in agricultural crops like wheat and sugar beet.
		It is financed by the Walloon Region and a private company (Electrabel, the greatest electricity producer of Belgium) and it aims to build a 150 kWel pilot plant fed by short rotation coppices and some substitute fuels.
	www.eeci.net /countries/BE.html (553 words)

	The emerging role of universities as science communicators in Belgium
		In 2002, the governments of the Walloon Region and the Wallonia-Brussels Community decided to allocate specific grants to the universities for their activities in the area of science communication and scientific culture (600 000 €/year).
		For many years in Flanders, there has been a centralised organisation of regional scientific events, in correspondence with the European science week, in autumn: the “Science feast” each even year (6th edition in 2000) and the “Science happening” each odd year (7th edition in 2001).
		Nevertheless, Walloon science centres (Parc d’Aventures Scientifiques - PASS - (full name please) and Parentville) have developed specific activities during the science week, which are in co-operation with other institutions in France.
	www.univie.ac.at /virusss/OPUSReport/University_Chapters/uni_be.htm (3034 words)

	The Army of Flanders and the Spanish Road, 1567—1659 - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Army of Flanders and the Spanish Road, 1567—1659
		The publication of The Army of Flanders and the Spanish Road in 1972 marked the birth of the 'new military history', which emphasized military organization - mobilization, pay, supply, morale and, above all, logistics - rather than military 'events' such as sieges and battles.
		The military corridors of the army of Flanders; 3.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=052183600X&ss=exc (318 words)

	SignWriting in Belgium
		Flanders is the northern section of Belgium that is close to the Netherlands (Holland).
		The city of Brussels is situated in Flanders, but used to be and still mainly is French (Walloon) speaking.
		The Walloon Sign Language is recognized and used in the schools, but not as an official language.
	www.signwriting.org /belgium/kasterlinden03.html (607 words)

	Belgian Regions
		Note: In the 1970's Belgium was divided in three regions (Brussels, Flanders, Wallonia) and three communities (Flemish, French, German).
		On 8 Aug 1980 the Flemish and Walloon regions and the Flemish and French communities were granted autonomy.
		On 22 Dec 1981 separate governments were constituted for the Flemish and Walloon regions and for the French community, the government of the Flemish community being entrusted to the government of the Flemish region.
	www.worldstatesmen.org /Belgium_Regions.html (659 words)

	Nanotechnology in Belgium 2005-2006 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Belgium is a federal state, consisting of Dutch-speaking Flanders and French-speaking Wallonia.
		A considerable number of policies have been decentralized to the level of the Flanders and Walloon governments, including science and technology policy.
		Flanders has a strong history in biotechnology, but has no specific nanotechnology programme, although the government provides a large annual grant to IMEC, one of the leading centres in Europe.
	www.electronics.ca /reports/nanotechnology/in_belgium.html (225 words)

	Flanders - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Many new political parties during the last half century were founded in Flanders: Volksunie (now SPIRIT and NVA), moderate nationalism; Groen!
		Altough many Flemings identify themselves more with Flanders than with Belgium, the largest group defines itself as both Flemish and Belgian.
		Nevertheless, the ner totality os Ducth-language literature read (and appreciated to varying degrees) in Flanders is the same as in the Netherlands.
	www.higiena-system.com /wiki/link-Flanders (3682 words)

	James Riker: History of Harlem, Chapter V (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Central of the district mentioned, upon the small river Linge, which empties into the Waal, stood the city of Leerdam, giving name to a county in which it was seated,—a level, grazing country, otherwise called the Prince's Land, because inherited by a son of William of Orange, from his mother, Anne of Egmont.
		Many peresecuted refugees from France and Flanders took that direction, embarking usually in regularly plying vessels, but often, if hard pressed, venturing to cross the Channel in any sort of craft, even at the peril of their lives, while making for the most accessible port on the opposite shore.
		And one of the Walloon towns bears the name Vermelle; being in Artois, southeast of Bethune, near a lake at the source of the Papegay, which latter runs northward, entering the Lys near Armentieres.
	home.comcast.net /~t.r.valentine/riker05.html (5141 words)

	Travel Planning Data for Belgium
		Belgium is divided into three communities based on language and three geographic regions: Dutch is used mostly in the Flanders region; French is used mostly in the Walloon region and the Brussels Capital region; and German is used in a small area in the eastern Walloon region.
		Geography: The Flanders region in the northern area of Belgium and the Walloon region in the south each have five provinces.
		Visitors to Belgium with an interest in the history of World War 1 will find In Flanders Fields Museum an excellent place to learn about the monstrous tragedy that took place at Ypres.
	www.traveldata21.com /eur/be (480 words)

	GeoNative - Belgium - Wallonia
		There are also (there MUST be), a french speaking minority in the area of Flanders with no recognised rights, as well as Flemish in Wallonia, and Germans all over Belgium.
		Walloon, one of the Langues d'Oil or northern variants of French is spoken on most of Wallonia; also in France in the north of the departement des Ardennes (around the town of Givet), and in Luxembourg (two or three villages: Doncols, Sonlez...).
		Passive knowledge still much more frequent; in Luxembourg, about 1,000 speakers or members of the ethnic group; in France, a small number.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/9479/be2.html (314 words)

	[No title]
		Why do we not write to the Walloon society in Leiden asking for Sebastian Van Kortrijk who might have died in or before 1663 (he was born 1586).
		Maybe through the Walloon society would we have better luck in locating the parentage for Sebastian in Kortrijk ---------or a hamlet called Kortrijk in Brussels.
		Their was a major migration (thanks to the Spanish and the Reformation) from the regions of Walloon Flanders, Ieper, Kortrijk,...
	webpages.charter.net /mdcourt/email.txt (7991 words)

	Policy-papers
		In addition, the debate on contaminated land in Austria has recently focused on the standardisation of soil values for risk assessment with a consensus due to be reached by the end of 1996.
		In the Flemish Region regulatory authorities are now empowered to investigate sites at the time of property transfer or during the closure of certain installations to determine the extent of any contamination which may be present.
		This information is stored on a regional database under the administration of OVAM (the Public Waste Agency of Flanders) with the dual purposes of supporting policy decision making and as a mechanism to heighten the awareness of potential site purchasers to contamination.
	www.clu-in.org /products/natpolcy.htm (17311 words)

	Casier Family Huguenot Walloon Genealogy
		Many French and Walloon exiles from England and from the Dutch seaboard were fleeing to Mannheim, drawn there by assurances of freedom and protection under the government of the Protestant Elector, Charles Lewis who held out strong inducements to the refugees to settle there.
		Philippe Casier and his family came here, as did Simeon Cornier, Meynard Journee from Mardyck, Flanders, Joost Van Oblinus with his son Joost from Walloon Flanders and Pierre Parmentier also from Walslant, i.e.
		A mailing list for anyone with a genealogical interest in the French Huguenots and Belgium Walloons who fled to the West Indies, the Netherlands, and the United States in the 17th century.
	olivetreegenealogy.com /hug/surnames/casier.shtml (1371 words)

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