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	Baade (crater) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Baade is a lunar impact crater that is located near the southwest limb of the Moon on the near side, to the southwest of the enormous Mare Orientale impact basin.
		The area to the east of this crater forms the juction between the 280-km-long Vallis Bouvard to the north and the narrower, 160-km-long Vallis Baade to the south-southeast.
		The outer wall of Baade remains sharp-edged, with little appearnce of erosion due to subsequent impacts.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Baade_(crater) (159 words)

	The Bruce Medalists: Walter Baade
		Born in Germany and educated at Göttingen, Walter Baade worked at the Hamburg Observatory from 1919 to 1931 and at Mt.
		Baade and Rudolph Minkowski identified and took spectrograms of optical counterparts of many of the first-discovered radio sources, including Cygnus A and Cassiopeia A.
		Sharov, A.S., “Walter Baade - A Remarkable Astronomer-Observer of the 20th Century,” Istoriko-Astronomicheskie Issledovaniya 26, 98-148, 262 (2001) [in Russian.
	www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu /brucemedalists/baade (349 words)

	CONK! Encyclopedia: Walter_Baade (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Wilhelm Heinrich Walter Baade (March 24, 1893 - June 25, 1960) was a German astronomer who emigrated to the USA in 1931.
		Baade's Window, an area relatively free of dust near the Galactic Center in Sagittarius
		Walter Baade: A Life in Astrophysics, Donald E. Osterbrock, ISBN 0-691-04936-X
	www.conk.com /search/encyclopedia.cgi?q=Walter_Baade (198 words)

	Probert Encyclopaedia: People and Peoples (Wa-Wh) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		WALTER A. Walter A Huxman was an American politician.
		WALTER W. Walter W Bacon was an American politician.
		WALTER W. Walter W Johnson was an American politician.
	www.probertencyclopaedia.com /CW.HTM (2711 words)

	ASP: Walter Baade: Master Observer
		The great German-American astronomer Walter Baade not only pioneered supernova research, he doubled the distance scale of the universe and fathered the idea of stellar populations based on age.
		Walter Baade was one of the great astronomers of the 20th century.
		Baade (pronounced BAH-dah) was lucky to be the right man in the right place at the right time, but he was able to seize the situation and make the most of it in a way that none of his contemporaries could.
	www.astrosociety.org /pubs/mercury/31_04/baade.html (224 words)

	JAD7_9, 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Walter Baade thus stands in a row among other "centennial observational giants'' such as Herschel or Bessel (I just realize that all three were born in towns which are situated within a circle of less than 100 km diameter - is this an accident?).
		Walter Baade, born in the little Westphalian town of Schroettinghausen in 1893, studied in Muenster and Goettingen.
		Baade's biographer Donald E. Osterbrock, to whom we owe a series of biographical studies of 19th and 20th century astronomers, has again employed the whole apparatus of biographic research: books, publications, annual reports, letters, sketch books, and photographs in remarkable numbers, which form the basis of his studies.
	www.vub.ac.be /STER/JAD/JAD7/jad7_9/jad7_9.htm (1183 words)

	[No title]
		Gesticulating, incessantly smoking, with carefully parted thin white hair, white somewhat bushy eyebrows, protruding hawk nose, Baade saw the mysteries of the universe as the greatest of all detective stories in which he was one of the principal sleuths.
		Baade and Spitzer invented the collision theory; and now Baade finds the evidence for it in Cygnus A.' "I was angry [said Baade] and I said to him 'I bet a thousand dollars that Cygnus A is a collision.' Minkowski said he could not afford that; he had just bought a house.
		Baade usually spends ten to twelve consecutive nights on Mount Palomar, and he approaches the work with the tenseness of an athlete before a big game.
	www.astro.caltech.edu /~george/ay21/qso.txt (4528 words)

	Casino Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		He also won the Bruce Medal in 1955, and the Henry Norris Russell Lectureship of the American Astronomical Society in 1958.
		The asteroid 1501 Baade is named after him, as is Baade crater, a vallis (valley) on the Moon and one of the two Magellan telescopes.
		et:Walter Baade es:Walter Baade ru:Бааде, Уолтер sl:Walter Baade sv:Walter Baade
	www.casinoencyclopedia.com /index.php?title=W._Baade (246 words)

	[23.04] Walter Baade at Palomar 1937 - 1958 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Walter Baade discovered the two stellar populations with the 100-in Mount Wilson reflector during World War II, but applied, tested, and extended this concept with the 200-in Hale telescope after it went into operation on Palomar Mountain in 1949.
		Baade used panchromatic films and deep red filters in an attempt to penetrate the heavy interstellar extinction toward the Galactic center.
		His work on variable stars in M 31, on the polarization of the continuum of the Crab nebula, and with Rudolph Minkowski on the optical identification of radio sources are a few examples of what he did with it.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v32n4/aas197/2.htm (343 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Walter Baade: A Life in Astrophysics. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Baade was perhaps the preeminent observational astronomer in the middle third of the 20th century.
		Baade was on friendly terms with nearly all of the leaders in the world astronomical community, although he was a lifelong loyal citizen of Germany, even during the Nazi era.
		Walter Baade was one of the great astronomers of the twentieth century.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/069104936X?v=glance (810 words)

	Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 2001021129 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In it, Donald Osterbrock suggests that Baade's greatest contribution to astrophysics was not, as is often contended, his revision of Hubble's distance and age scales for the universe.
		Baade was born, educated, and gained his early research experience in Germany.
		Most Mount Wilson astronomers were working on weapons-development crash programs devoted to bringing Baade's native country to its knees, while he, formally an enemy alien in their midst, was confined to Los Angeles County but had almost unlimited use of the most powerful telescope in the world.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/description/prin022/2001021129.html (371 words)

	[10.03] Walter Baade, Dynamical Astronomer at Goettingen, Hamburg, Mount Wilson, and Palomar Observatories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Walter Baade, famous for his astrophysical discoveries, also made many contributions in dynamical astronomy.
		Immediately on receiving his Ph.D. in 1919, Baade joined the Hamburg Bergedorf Observatory staff, and soon was the sole observer with its 1-m reflector, the largest telescope in Europe.
		During the close approach of Eros in 1930 Baade measured its period of light variation, its color, and its mean magnitude.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v34n3/dda2002/4.htm (325 words)

	Dwarf elliptical galaxy
		This is because these galaxies were directly involved in the construction of one of the key paradigms of the astrophysics of this century: the concept of stellar populations, introduced by Walter Baade (1893-1960), an astronomer at the Carnegie Institute in Pasadena (California, USA).
		In the 1940s, Baade carried out a major synthesis of that imposed order on the chaos of apparently unconnected data in circulation among astronomers at the time concerning the properties of various types of stars in the Milky Way and other galaxies.
		In 1944, Baade himself had realized that there were some blue (young) "stars" in the nuclei of some dwarf elliptical galaxies, and specifically in that of NGC 185.
	www.xs4all.nl /~carlkop/dwarfell.html (831 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Baade (Wilhelm Heinrich) Walter
		Baade, (Wilhelm Heinrich) Walter (1893-1960), German born U.S. astronomer, educated at the University of Göttingen, whose studies of stars in the...
		Gieseking, Walter Wilhelm (1895-1956), German pianist, whose interpretations of classical and impressionist works were noted for their attention to...
		Kempff, Wilhelm Walter Friedrich (1895–1991), German pianist and composer, who excelled at the 19th-century classical repertory of composers...
	encarta.msn.com /Baade_(Wilhelm_Heinrich)_Walter.html (133 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Biographical Memoirs V.54 (1983)
		Baade, who earlier had spent a year in the United States as a Carnegie International fellow, had emigrated to take a posi- tion on the staff of the Mount Wilson Observatory in Pasa- dena in 1931.
		Minkowski, from his spectra of the two stars identified by Baade as the possible supernova remnants because of their proximity to the center of expansion of the nebula, picked out the correct one—nearly thirty years later it became the first optically identified pulsar.
		Undoubtedly, Baade and Minkowski were among the strongest voices in urging Adams, Hubble, and the rest of the Observatory Council to recommend enlarging the project by building the largest Schmidt telescope in the world to supple- ment the largest reflector in the world.
	books.nap.edu /books/0309033918/html/270.html (4066 words)

	RX J1856.5-3754 and 3C58 Pulsar
		Just two years after neutrons were discovered in 1932, [Wilhelm Heinrich] Walter Baade (1893-1960) and Fritz Zwicky (1898-1974) proposed that "neutron stars" could be formed by supernovae.
		Walter of the University of New York at Stony Brook, the star appears to have left the Upper Scorpius Association at about the same time that a supernova ejected the runaway O star Zeta Ophiuchus.
		Walter has developed illustrated pages on RX J1856.5-3754 and an overview of isolated nearby neutron stars.
	www.solstation.com /x-objects/rxj1856.htm (2089 words)

	Page Title (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The section he devotes to astrophysicists, Fritz Zwicky and Walter Baade is of great interest to scientifically-minded Urantia Book readers as it describes the history of discovery of neutron stars.
		Baade knew the Crab was the debris from the supernova explosion of 1054.
		He also knew that there is a peculiar star at the center of the nebula which he suspected of being the stellar remnant of the explosion.
	www.ubfellowship.org /archive/newsletters/innerface/vol2_6/page17.html (863 words)

	Fixed Stars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Sixty years ago Walter Baade showed that the stars in galaxies could be divided into two populations, which he called populations I and II.
		He did this by resolving the stars in the central region of Messier 31 and in its companions, and measuring their colors.
		Baade himself refers to the discovery by Jan Oort, twenty years earlier, that high velocity (population II) and low velocity stars had different spectral characteristics.
	www.mira.org /sky/summer.htm (1455 words)

	21st December 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The observation of recent star formation in the galaxy NGC 187 contradicts the scheme established in the 1940s by the distinguished astronomer Walter Baade according to which dwarf elliptical galaxies are populated only by old stars.
		This is because these galaxies were directly involved in the construction of one of the key paradigms of the astrophysics of this century: the concept of stellar populations, introduced by Walter Baade (1893- 1960), an astronomer at the Carnegie Institute in Pasadena (California, USA).
		Baade explained it away as an "impurity" and left it at that.
	www.iac.es /gabinete/noticias/1999/21dic1.htm (840 words)

	Walter Baade (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Wilhelm Heinrich Walter Baade (March 24 1893 – June 25 1960) was a German astronomer who immigrated to the USA in 1931.
		He won the Bruce Medal in 1955, and the Henry Norris Russell Lectureship of the American Astronomical Society in 1958.
		The asteroid 1501 Baade is named after him.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/walter_baade (283 words)

	12 Minkowski, Rudolf (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Walter Baade, who had left Hamburg and was working at the Mt. Wilson Observatory since 1931, had made available a post for Minkowski as research assistant.
		The close collaboration with Walter Baade, who emigrated to the US from Hamburg in 1931, led to a very rapidly growing number of publications.
		Together with Walter Baade he started to locate optical counterparts to new found radio sources.
	www.plicht.de /chris/12minkow.htm (905 words)

	About Fritz Zwicky
		Zwicky and Walter Baade were the driving forces behind acquiring and installing the first Schmidt telescope to be used in a mountain-top observatory -- the famous 18-inch Palomar Schmidt -- in 1935.
		Pursuing the idea that "bright novae" were of fundamental interest for determining the distance to far-off galaxies, he and Walter Baade coined the term supernova (Baade & Zwicky, 1934a).
		This was an amazing (and correct) triple hypothesis and was an important step in the still on-going project to determine the size and age of the (visible) universe.
	www.swemorph.com /zwicky.html (975 words)

	CIW - Academic Catalog - Observatories
		And it was at this telescope, in the dark skies during wartime flouts, that Walter Baade made the observations that led him to the concept of stellar populations that revolutionized astronomy in the early 1950s.
		The Swope Telescope, a l-meter reflector, is named after a former Carnegie astronomer, Henrietta Swope, a collaborator of Walter Baade and the author of several classic papers.
		Many young investigators, drawn by the facilities and the possibilities of benefiting by associating with the staff, have spent from two to three postdoctoral years at the Observatories' headquarters in Pasadena and have gone on to successful careers in astronomical research and teaching.
	www.carnegieinstitution.org /Academic_Catalog_Revision/observatories.html (2267 words)

	Physics Today - Letters
		Assuming that such clusters are as luminous as galactic globular clusters, he found that the clouds are about twice as far away as had previously been believed.
		In a report on the astronomical highlights of 1952, Shapley placed Baade's contribution first when he wrote about the "general acceptance of the growing evidence, produced chiefly at Mount Wilson-Palomar [that is, by Baade] and at Harvard [by Shapley],.
		Hetherington replies: "Shameless" is my characterization (and Walter Baade's) of Harlow Shapley's alleged attempt to take credit for doubling the scale of the universe, as described in Donald Osterbrock's biography of Baade.
	www.physicstoday.org /vol-56/iss-8/p13.html (571 words)

	Osterbrock, D.E.: Walter Baade: A Life in Astrophysics.
		"Walter Baade was one of the key players in mid-20th Century astrophysics and this biography by Donald Osterbrock is welcome and timely.
		"Baade was arguably the most influential observational astronomer of the 20th century.
		Based on extensive research in the archives, this biography of Walter Baade is an impressive contribution to the history of astronom."--Karl Hufbauer, author of Exploring the Sun
	pup.princeton.edu /titles/7186.html (631 words)

	Baade, Walter on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Baade studied the Andromeda Galaxy, M31, and other spiral galaxies and presented evidence for the existence of two different stellar populations, the younger Population I, and the older Population II.
		From these data he inferred that similar spiral patterns could be found in the Milky Way.
		In 1949 he discovered Icarus, an asteroid whose orbit takes it close to Earth.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/b/baade-w1a.asp (475 words)

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