
	Where results make sense

Topic: War Shipping Administration

Related Topics

ship naming and launching

Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships

ship of the line

lead ship

Ship and Submarine Recycling Program

sailing ship

museum ship

minesweeper ship

Ship Pollution

cruise ship

Amphibious assault ships

In the News (Wed 3 Dec 08)

Damian Green

Sumner Redstone

Crimson Tide

Tommy Tuberville

Bill Clinton

Wayne Rooney

Vilasrao Deshmukh

Wake Forest

Grand Slam

Oklahoma State

	War Shipping Administration Established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt Executive Order No. 9054
		Vessels under the control of the War Shipping Administration shall constitute a pool to be allocated by the Administrator for use by the Army, Navy, other Federal departments and agencies, and the Governments of the United Nations.
		The Administrator is further authorized within the limits of such funds as may be allocated, transferred, or appropriated to the War Shipping Administration to employ necessary personnel and make provisions for necessary supplies, facilities, and services.
		More merchant ships were needed to carry out lend-lease to Britain, to fulfill the terms of the First Moscow Protocol, to move troops and supplies to all theaters of war, and to ship petroleum.
	www.usmm.org /fdr/wsalaw.html (1689 words)

	[No title]
		During World War II, the War Shipping Administration (WSA) was created to assume control of the nation's merchant marine, to provide for its rapid expansion, and to ensure its effective use in prosecution of the war.
		Petitioners claimed "that the construction of ships using asbestos insulation, the operation of ships already built with asbestos insulation, and the failure to maintain safe working conditions in an asbestos-surrounded environment were negligent actions" for which the United States should be held liable (id. at 9).
		Rather, as the very title of the Act implies, it was intended simply to clarify the status of all seamen employed on ships controlled by the WSA by confirming that they were entitled to sue under the Suits in Admiralty Act.
	www.usdoj.gov /osg/briefs/1988/sg880475.txt (2076 words)

	HyperWar: U.S. Merchant Marine at War [War Shipping Administration]
		Although the fleet of merchant ships under WSA control and the auxiliary fleets of the Army and the Navy were constantly increasing, rapid expansion of the Nation's fighting forces and the constant broadening of combat areas required most careful allocation of ships to various uses.
		Correlated with the activities of those division of the WSA organization which direct the movements of vessels on the seas are the activities of other divisions which supervise and regulate the forwarding of export materials from their point of origin to the Nation's ports.
		With the requisitioning of ships, the profit incentive was minimized as a consideration in determining the utilization of ships as the operators were paid fixed fees as operating agents for the Government, in addition to the prescribed charter rates for their vessels.
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/ATO/Admin/WSA/MMatWar-44/index.html (8516 words)

	War Shipping Administration Reports on Merchant Marine Casualties
		Loss of 1,554 United States flag merchant ships of 6,277,077 deadweight tons from war causes and marine casualties largely due to war conditions, was announced today by Vice Admiral Emory S. Land, Chairman of the United States Maritime Commission and Administrator of the War Shipping Administration.
		Up to the end of last year, 219 American merchant ships were sunk in its broad expanse, 141 in the northwest area and 78 in the northeast Atlantic, in addition to the 27 sunk off Normandy.
		In the Pacific, Axis submarines and air attack account for 44 American ships; in the South Atlantic, 42; in the Mediterranean and Black Sea, 39; in the Gulf of Mexico, 25; in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, 27; in the approaches to the Mediterranean, 18, and in undetermined areas, 7.
	www.usmm.org /wsacasualty.html (840 words)

	APL: History - Timeline: 1900-1949 (cont)
		American President Lines acts as an agent for the War Shipping Administration, overseeing vessel manning, equipping, overhaul and repair, handling of cargo and passengers, and fueling.
		Along with hundreds of Liberty and Victory ships, the company’s fleet is used for the war effort.
		War Shipping Administration begins using containers to ship vital supplies more quickly and efficiently than traditional break-bulk methods allow.
	www.apl.com /history/timeline/1920b.htm (593 words)

	War Shipping Administrator Report re U.S. Merchant Marine Cadet Corps 1946
		Shortly after the war began, it was transferred to the WSA and expanded to meet the demand for new men.
		During the war, 123 were reported dead and missing, and many displayed conspicuous bravery under combat conditions.
		Although geared during the war to as fast a program as possible to fill the need for trained officers, the course at the Academy will return to a 4-year basis.
	www.usmm.org /ccwsa.html (475 words)

	National Liberty Ship Memorial -- S.S. Jeremiah O'Brien -- Welcome
		After the war, she was "mothballed" and laid up in the Reserve Fleet at Suisun Bay, north of San Francisco.
		The ship relies on the work of her hundreds of volunteer crew members, funding from individual and corporate donations, and revenue from the thousands of visitors she hosts each year.
		One other Liberty ship* is known to be active — the S.S. John W. Brown in Baltimore: Modified into troopship configuration during WW II, she underwent further modifications during many years as a school ship in New York before beginning her current life as a museum vessel.
	www.ssjeremiahobrien.org /welcome.html (681 words)

	"The Jewish War Veteran , the Issues and History (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Therefore, during the early months of the war, the Coast Guard was temporarily tasked to assume an even greater role in the safety of mariners at sea.
		At that time few ships were being built, existing ships were old and inefficient, maritime unions were at war with one another, ship owners were at odds with the unions, and the crews' efficiency and morale were at an ebb.
		The transfer allowed the War Shipping Administration to concentrate on organizing American merchant shipping, building new ships, and carrying cargoes where they were needed most.
	www.jwv.org /communication/jvet_autumn1.html (1133 words)

	Maritime Administration (MARAD)
		MARAD maintains the National Defense Reserve Fleet (NDRF) as a ready source of ships for use during national emergencies and assists in fulfilling its traditional role as the nation's fourth arm of defense in logistically supporting the military when needed.
		When the War Shipping Administration was established in 1942, it took over many functions of the Commission, including the operation of the merchant marine and the shipbuilding activity remained under the Commission.
		The Maritime Administrator is vested with the residual powers of the Director of the National Shipping Authority, which was established in 1951 to organize and direct emergency merchant marine operations.
	www.nvr.navy.mil /marad.htm (363 words)

	US CODE--TITLE 50, APPENDIX--WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE
		When used in this subsection the term "administratively disallowed" means a denial of a written claim in accordance with rules or regulations prescribed by the Administrator, War Shipping Administration.
		War Shipping Administration terminated as of Sept. 1, 1946, and functions, powers, duties, etc., transferred to United States Maritime Commission for period Sept. 1, 1946, to Dec. 31, 1946, for purpose of liquidating Administration, by act July 8, 1946, ch.
		Department of War designated Department of the Army and title of Secretary of War changed to Secretary of the Army by section 205(a) of act July 26, 1947, ch.
	www.access.gpo.gov /uscode/title50a/50a_33_5_.html (2186 words)

	Standard List Of Medical Supplies Issued to U.S. Merchant Ships During World War II
		There is attached a standard drug and medical supply list for use on vessels owned by or bareboat chartered to the War Shipping Administration and not carrying a ship's doctor.
		General Agents are directed to see that all vessels owned by or bareboat chartered to the War Shipping Administration are kept supplied with the medical supplies provided in the attached list.
		If there is difficulty in obtaining locally the drugs called for on the standard list, General Agents can be informed and assisted by War Shipping Administration's Stewards Offices in the various ports as to the method and procedure of procuring the same.
	www.usmm.net /medicine.html (2691 words)

	Steamship Company Operators of American Flag Ships during World War II
		The WSA pennant is made up with two horizontal bars of red separated by a bar of white.
		A large, dark blue circle with the letters, WSA in white is superimposed on the three bars at the staff end of the pennant.
		The War Service Certificates bear a message of "recognition of meritorious service to the United States of America in time of war" signed by Vice Admiral E. Land, Administrator of War Shipping.
	www.usmm.net /operators.html (312 words)

	The Avalon Project : Coordinated Control of Merchant Shipping; August 5, 1944
		Neutral Governments having ships under their control in excess of the tonnage required to carry on their essential import requirements shall be invited to subscribe to obligations in respect of all their ships which shall ensure that their employment is in conformity with the general purposes of the United Nations.
		The fact that these ships are assigned to military requirements shall not prejudice the right of the Governments concerned to discuss with the central authority the measures to be taken to provide shipping for their essential requirements within the scope of paragraph 1.
		The decisions of the Executive Board affecting the ships under the authority of any contracting Government shall be reached with the consent of that Government, acting through its representative on the Executive Board or through its associate member, as the case may be.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/wwii/merc01.htm (1356 words)

	Vigil
		Following a shakedown cruise in the Gulf of Mexico, the ship transited the Panama Canal on 19 February and headed for Terminal Island, Calif., where she was turned over to A.
		Following the end of World War II, the War Shipping Administration transferred her contract to the Waterman Steamship Corp., which firm operated her from Mobile, Ala.
		The ship operated out of Davisville, R.I., during her entire period of service and spent on the average of 200 days per year actually engaged in picket patrols in waters off the coast of New England.
	www.history.navy.mil /danfs/v3/vigil.htm (444 words)

	American Mariner
		Therefore, during the early months of the war, the Coast Guard was temporarily tasked to assume an even greater role in the safety of mariners at sea.
		At that time few ships were being built, existing ships were old and inefficient, maritime unions were at war with one another, ship owners were at odds with the unions, and the crews' efficiency and morale were at an ebb.
		The transfer allowed the War Shipping Administration to concentrate on organizing American merchant shipping, building new ships, and carrying cargoes where they were needed most.
	www.uscg.mil /HQ/G-CP/HISTORY/WEBCUTTERS/American_Mariner.html (986 words)

	Second World War Shipping (extracts)
		The U.S. Maritime Commission, moreover, showed a growing reluctance to assign shipping permanently or for long periods to the military services, not only because the tonnage assigned would not be available for more urgent needs, but also because the services were to some degree guilty of uneconomical operating practices.
		So uncertain were the Army staffs at all levels of the mathematics of computing shipping requirements that reserve supplies shipped to depots for certain of the task forces had piled up by late winter to about four times the total requirements as estimated by G 4.
		However, cargo ship construction, even more than that of many items of munitions, lent itself to standardization and mass production, and the basic task of designing had largely been completed during the prewar emergency period.
	patriot.net /~eastlnd2/Shipping.htm (2241 words)

	SS Fort Longueuil
		It was one of the 90 boats purchased by the USA War Shipping Administration and leased to the Ministry of War Transport on bareboat charter.
		The ship's master on its last, fateful voyage was George Cardno Edwards, a 52 year old man, born in Australia but living with his family in Massachusetts, USA.
		The ship was fitted with a 4 inch stern gun, 5 Oerlikon guns, 2 'pig troughs', 1 pillar box, 2 FAM rockets, 4 PAC rockets and a balloon used in cases of air attack.
	fortships.tripod.com /fort_longueuil.htm (507 words)

	United States Maritime Service Insignia of Rank and Distinctive Devices and Uniforms
		The Administration of the U. Maritime Service is carried on by Merchant Marine officers who desire most to see the personnel of the U. Merchant Marine receive the recognition deserved by their splendid and outstanding performance of duty under hazardous and arduous conditions.
		Until the onset of the war (and this onset was, for the Merchant Marine, prior to Pearl Harbor) the training was largely concentrated on men already in the industry.
		The War Shipping Administration accepted responsibility on September 1, 1942, and assistance was provided by the Navy in ordering to key Maritime Service positions a number of Merchant Marine officers on active duty with the Navy.
	www.usmm.net /usmsinsignia.html (1801 words)

	War Shipping Administration Information
		The War Shipping Administration was established by the United States President with Executive Order No. 9054.
		February 7 1942 as the US had entered the war.
		Its task was to purchase and operate the needed civilian tonnage the US needed for fighting the war.
	www.bookrags.com /War_Shipping_Administration (87 words)

	[No title]
		She was operated by the United Fruit Co. under a contract with the War Shipping Administration for almost a year.
		She saw constant duty in the combat zone carrying thousands of tons of food and other supplies to the ships of the 7th Fleet operating off the Korean coast as well as to Army men and Marine Corps units ashore and to Air Force squadrons flying daily sorties from the islands surrounding the Korean peninsula.
		The war in Vietnam dominated the remainder of her career, for she went out of service almost three years before the conflict ended early in 1973.
	www.hazegray.org /danfs/auxil/af49.txt (763 words)

	Daily Journal, Park Hills, MO - Serving St. Francois County and surrounding counties
		According to historical accounts of the incident, the Liberty Ship SS Paul Hamilton, 30 miles off the coast of Cape Bengut, Algiers, was hit by bombs from a German junker JU-88 aircraft.
		The ship was making her fifth voyage as part of a huge convoy.
		Officially, a total of 1,554 ships were sunk to due to war conditions, including 733 ships of over 1,000 gross tons.
	www.mydjconnection.com /articles/2004/07/20/community/news2.txt (939 words)

	HyperWar: U.S. Government Manual--1945 [Emergency War Agencies]
		This official existed under the terms of the administrative order issued by the President on January 7, 1941, to the effect that "provision may be made in the Office for Emergency Management for liaison facilities.
		The administration of activities related to the national economic policy remains with the departments and agencies now responsible for such activities, but conforms to the directives on policy issued by the Director.
		It was further specified that the Director of the Office of War Information and the Board of War Communications collaborate in the performance of their respective functions for the purpose of facilitating the broadcast of war information to the peoples abroad.
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USGM/EWA.html (10099 words)

	How the Federal Government Got into the Ocean-Shipping Business: Publications: The Independent Institute
		The onset of war in 1914 created an immediate severe shortage of ocean-shipping services, which only grew worse with the passage of time and the sinking, diversion, or internment of ships.
		The Wilson administration’s proposal met substantial opposition in Congress—Senator Elihu Root declared it to be “a measure of state socialism which, if established, will inevitably destroy individual liberty”—and both Wilson and McAdoo devoted much time and effort to gaining its approval.
		This law created the U.S. Shipping Board and empowered it to regulate the rates and practices of waterborne common carriers in foreign and interstate commerce and, through a subsidiary, to acquire, construct, and operate merchant vessels.
	www.independent.org /publications/article.asp?id=1233 (1010 words)

	Compagnie Générale Transatlantique - French Line
		ex- William Peffer, 1947 purchased from U.S. War Shipping Administration renamed Lisieux, 1949 transferred to Chargeurs Reunis.
		ex- Robert Jourdan, 1947 purchased from U.S. War Shipping Administration renamed Plouharnel, 1949 transferred to Chargeurs Reunis.
		Saint-Lo ex- James Buchanan, 1947 purchased from U.S. War Shipping Administration renamed Saint-Lo, 1963 sold to Panama renamed Athenian..
	www.theshipslist.com /ships/lines/french.html (5223 words)

	President Franklin D. Roosevelt Speeches and Statements
		President Roosevelt was a man of the sea and understood the importance of a strong merchant marine during war and peace.
		During World War I, he was Assistant Secretary of the Navy, in charge of arming of merchant ships and convoys.
		During World War II, he resisted attempts to incorporate the merchant marine into the Army or Navy because of potential problems with inter-service rivalry, increased costs, and greater need for manpower.
	www.usmm.org /fdr.html (545 words)

	PPLD Special Collections - Archives - H. Chase Stone (Site not responding. Last check: )
		His persistence paid off and in January of 1943 he was assigned to the Recruitment and Manning Organization (RMO) of the War Shipping Administration (WSA).
		In 1944 he was promoted to Assistant Deputy Administrator for Recruitment and Manning, where he remained until his resignation in March of 1946.
		This collection is strongest in its documentation of Chase Stone's activities in World War I and World War II, and his efforts, as a member of the Colorado Springs Chamber of Commerce, to bring an army cantonment to the city.
	library.ppld.org /SpecialCollections/manuscriptcollections/mss0051.asp (2985 words)

	W S A (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This report covers the operations of the War Shipping Administration from its creation on February 7, 1942, through the end of hostilities, and up to December 37, 7945.
		The War Shipping Administration is already near the end of its postwar assignment, the return of servicemen from overseas.
		I feel that the officers and men of the Merchant Marine, the operators serving as agents of our Government, and the men and women of WSA, all these citizens have served their country well: Any industry that can accomplish what this one has done in wartime can justify its great promise in peace.
	www.merchant-marine.com /w_s_a3.htm (175 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)