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	War economy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		War economy is the term used to describe the contingencies undertaken by the modern state to mobilize its economy for war production.
		Many states increase the degree of planning in their economies during wars; in many cases this extends to rationing, and in some cases to conscription for civil purposes, such as the Women's Land Army and Bevin Boys in the United Kingdom in World War II.
		On the supply side, it has been observed that wars sometimes have the effect of accelerating progress of technology and industry to such an extent that an economy emerges greatly strengthened after the war, especially if it has avoided the war-related destruction.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/War_economy (250 words)

	First Place-2002 SFIS Economics Essay Competition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The first reason is that since war is expensive, the government tends to take more control of the economy to pay for its costs2.
		An economic problem that is sometimes overlooked after war is the loss of human life and the emotional toll it takes on a country17.
		Death as a result of war, is obviously bad for society and the emotional well-being of the country, but it can also be bad for the economy.
	www.pacificresearch.org /resources/awards/econ_essays/1st_2002.html (1950 words)

	The Political Economy of War and Peace in Afghanistan
		The dominant current form of war is neither Clausewitzian interstate war nor classic civil war (government versus insurgency), but transnational war involving a variety of official and unofficial actors often from several states.
		The war economy of Afghanistan, which exemplifies this type of system, is an open war economy affecting a broad region.
		The war economy, like the political structure, remained largely fragmented among small, largely predatory actors each of whom maintained an interest in sustaining the chaos that permitted his predation.
	www.eurasianet.org /resource/regional/rubin_on_afgistan.html (9733 words)

	Capitalist Economy in War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Finally, he is compelled to wage war, to devote to that purpose an increasingly larger portion of his profits and to endure the haughty intervention of militarists and bureaucrats.
		In a war economy the contradictions of capitalist property appear in their most aggravated form, but capitalist property is by no means abolished thereby: the clearest proof of this is the war itself.
		State intervention in German economy is fulfilling the same task as before: it mobilizes all the national forces for the duration of the struggle only to leave the economy all the more feeble and prostrate.
	www.marxists.org /history/etol/writers/heijen/works/capitalist.htm (4059 words)

	CNN.com - Bush's address to focus on war, economy - January 29, 2002
		Outline the post-Afghanistan phase of the war on terror.
		The war against terrorism and the way Bush has steered the country since September 11 helped transform his presidency and sent his approval ratings to high levels, where they have remained.
		The State of the Union address presents both a major moment and major challenge to the president, especially with the widening political divide on the nation's economy and unemployment.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/ALLPOLITICS/01/28/state.of.union (804 words)

	CBS News \| Poll: Shaky Economy Is Top Concern \| May 12, 2003 14:37:35
		In polls conducted during the war, positive perceptions of the economy surpassed negative views; but in polls conducted throughout the early part of this year, more than half the public thought the economy was doing poorly.
		During the war against Iraq, Bush’s rating on handling the economy received a boost, but that has now dissipated, and current views are similar to ratings he has been receiving on the economy since last July.
		In 1991, views of the economy were similar to those held now; 42 percent of the public thought the economy was in good shape, and 57 percent thought it was in bad shape.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2003/04/28/opinion/polls/main551360.shtml (2140 words)

	MacroScan - The Post-War Afghan Economy
		Underlying the subsequent massive contraction of the economy was the war that devastated the limited infrastructure of the country, triggered the exodus of more than 3 million refugees to Pakistan, Iran and elsewhere and displaced a large number of people within the country.
		A corollary of this role of the late 1990s war in worsening economic condition is that a concerted reconstruction effort focused on quick-impact projects combined with the observed large-scale return of refugees to Afghanistan, could ensure a sharp rise in GDP and per capita income to levels in the early 1990s.
		Given the importance of agriculture for employment and GDP in the economy, these figures suggest that the rough GDP estimates relating to 2002 may be exaggerating the poor state of the economy.
	www.macroscan.com /fet/jul03/fet070703Afghan_Economy_1.htm (1769 words)

	War_economy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The war economy can form a political-economic system termed the "military-industrial complex".
		Concerning the side of aggregate demand, this concept has been linked to the concept of "military Keynesianism", in which the government's military budget stabilizes economic fluctuations and/or is used to fight recessions.
		On the supply side, it has been observed that wars sometimes have the effect of accelerating progress of technology and industry to such an extent that an economy emerges greatly strengthened after the war.
	www.apawn.com /search.php?title=War_economy (192 words)

	The myth of the war economy - EgyptSearch Forums
		However, if the war becomes prolonged, necessitating a US military presence in the region for say 10 years, the costs rise exponentially to perhaps as high as $1,700bn at the upper end of the range.
		If the war is short and successful, involving little or no disruption to oil supplies, then the present war premium in the price will disappear and eventually the cost of oil is likely to settle at a level maybe a bit lower than the mid-point of Opec's target range.
		Developed economies are not as reliant on oil as they used to be, but the consequences would still be catastrophic, turning a weak recession of the type that followed the Gulf War into something much more serious.
	www.egyptsearch.com /forums/Forum1/HTML/000474.html (2152 words)

	The Myth of the War Economy
		The second world war is often said to have brought the world out of depression, and war has since enhanced its reputation as a spur to economic growth.
		The current situation is far more akin to the Gulf war than to wars that may have contributed to economic growth.
		The second world war called for total mobilization, requiring a country's total resources, and that is what wiped out unemployment.
	www.commondreams.org /views03/0122-07.htm (816 words)

	TAP: Vol 12, Iss. 18. A War Economy.... James K. Galbraith. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		In a war economy, the public obligation is to do what is necessary: to support the military effort, to protect and defend the home territory, to stabilize the economy itself, and, especially, to maintain the physical well-being, solidarity, and morale of the people.
		In a $10-trillion economy, the $40 billion already appropriated for the military and for relief is minor.
		Before World War II, the United States was the world's creditor nation; it enjoyed energy self-sufficiency and did not run a large trade deficit.
	www.prospect.org /print/V12/18/galbraith-j.html (1406 words)

	Paul Mattick, "Economics of the War Economy" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		EVER since Lord Keynes’ dictum that wars—like pyramid-building and earthquakes—may serve to increase wealth, it has been increasingly recognized that war and preparation for war are necessary aspects of the prevailing economy and a condition of its proper functioning.
		Because, in recent history, only inflation and war have resulted in full utilization of productive capacities, the question has been raised whether this association between war and full employment is an accident or a necessity.
		At any rate, the very existence of the mixed economy’ points to insurmountable difficulties in the way of private capital formation and to a relatively faster growth of the ‘public’ over the ‘private’ sector of the economy.
	marxists.org /history/etol/newspape/amersocialist/amersoc_5904-a.htm (2173 words)

	Ross Mayfield's Weblog: Its the War Economy, Stupid
		The most common criticism I run into about Dean's electability is that the war is a declining meme, especially after Saddam's capture (pundits are calling the last month change in Iowa as attributable to it).
		But it is clear that the American economy could have grown much faster: the Bureau of Labor Statistics's household survey reports a drop in the employment/population ratio from 64.4% in 2000 to 62.3% today, the BLS's establishment survey reports a decline in nonfarm payroll employment from 131.8 million in 2000 to 130.2 million today.
		The story of the U.S. economy since 2000 is one of a remarkably unfavorable business-cycle outcome--a remarkably large shortfall of economic growth relative to potential--indeed.
	ross.typepad.com /blog/2004/01/its_the_war_eco.html (680 words)

	From New Economy to War Economy : SF Indymedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Now that the "New Economy" appears to have gone the way of the hula hoop, it looks like the "War Economy" will be the latest craze.
		The stock bubble also bolstered the economy by allowing dot.coms and other high-tech startups to obtain hundreds of billions of dollars of capital in exchange for now-worthless shares of stock.
		During World War II, some defense contractors voluntarily pledged to be paid at a rate of "cost plus a dollar" - to show that they were not profiteering from the war.
	sf.indymedia.org /print.php?id=113411 (1346 words)

	Asia Times Online :: War and Terror
		The "war on terror" is about radicals and jihadis, from Indonesia to Afghanistan to Iraq, and dealing with root causes in such countries.
		So forget about "war on terror"; the war is mutating into what it was always meant to be - the conquest of Southwest Asia first, and Eurasia second.
		With the Taliban-al-Qaeda nexus consolidating and turning Afghanistan back into a sanctuary from which to direct global operations, and the loyalty of Afghan security forces in question, the US and its ally in the "war on terror", Pakistan, are seriously rethinking their strategy in the country.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/War_and_Terror.html (1267 words)

	Political Economy of War and Peace
		War has profound impacts on economic performance and human well-being.
		PERI's research on the political economy of war and peace examines these linkages.
		In such settings, the goals of peace and development are interdependent: a failure to achieve broad improvements in living standards would fuel social tensions and heighten the risk of renewed war, and a return to war would shatter hopes for economic revival.
	www.umass.edu /peri/programs/development/politicaleconomyo.htm (296 words)

	How war would hit US wallets \| csmonitor.com
		War costs as a percentage of GDP have been falling dramatically since World War II, according to Mr.
		Rather, the declining cost of war has accentuated the role of oil and investor psychology in how the US economy reacts to war.
		His "favorable" war estimate, $99 billion, was not much higher than government figures.
	www.csmonitor.com /2003/0127/p25s02-usec.html (1354 words)

	Bear Left!: In the Grip of a Permanent War Economy
		The Permanent War Economy of the United States has endured since the end of World War II in 1945.
		The top federal government executives are a partnership of top political and corporate managers who operate a war economy to enlarge their power as their main continuing goal.
		All this is an important indicator of the opportunity cost, of what has been forgone, as a consequence of the Permanent War Economy.
	www.bear-left.com /original/2003/0309permanent.html (2354 words)

	Salon.com Technology \| The war economy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The attacks came at a time when the world economy was already slowing down (with growth in both the U.S. and the Eurozone down to an annualised 0.2 percent in the second quarter of 2001).
		The costs of the projected "war" against terrorism are much harder to foresee, since we do not yet know how the U.S. government plans to wage that war.
		But wars against terrorist organizations also tend to last a long time, since such organizations are hard to extirpate.
	www.salon.com /tech/feature/2001/09/19/war_economy (724 words)

	FairEconomy.org - War and the Economy Workshop
		This is a workshop about economic inequality, not about the morality of war and militarism.
		Examine the impact of war and militarism from race, gender, and class perspectives.
		Demonstrate that war and militarism drain resources from basic family and community needs in general and from addressing the state budget crises in particular.
	www.faireconomy.org /econ/workshops/war_and_economy.html (162 words)

	Stalled economy reflects war worries - 04/02/03
		The progress of the war will determine, in large part, whether the economy recovers or retrenches, economists said.
		Analysts had expected war fears to cut into manufacturing, though not by that much, and had forecast a reading of 49.
		Residential construction continues to be one of the struggling economy's few bright spots, while the commercial side lags, with businesses reluctant to spend money on new buildings in the face of economic uncertainty.
	www.detnews.com /2003/business/0304/02/b04-125788.htm (363 words)

	Program Files\Netscape\Communicator\Program\THE_DRUG_WAR
		All wars are based on economics and the first casualty of war is the truth.
		The Drug War Economy is the foundation for our emerging police state.
		The drug war now provides the ruse for military operations that enforce third world economies in the region.
	members.aol.com /saggysue/drgecon.htm (1370 words)

	Analysis: Public Anxious on War, Economy (phillyBurbs.com) \| President/White House
		WASHINGTON - The war in Iraq and the soaring price of gasoline are drowning out a succession of positive reports on the economy, putting President Bush on the defensive at a time when he could be basking in good economic news.
		Despite months of economic growth, tame inflation, resurgent job growth and an unemployment rate near a four-year low, public approval of Bush's handling of the economy is at the lowest levels of his presidency.
		Another factor in the president's low approval levels on the economy may be his talk about a Social Security crisis, some analysts suggested.
	www.phillyburbs.com /pb-dyn/news/26-08132005-527454.html (721 words)

	BW Online \| April 14, 2003 \| How War Will Reshape the Economy
		Predicting the economic impact of war and its aftermath used to be simple.
		New Economy growth depends on globalization and innovation, both of which could be dampened by war and a potentially difficult aftermath.
		The war in Iraq, the tough rebuilding task ahead, and the rise in global tension all signal an end to that fertile era.
	www.businessweek.com /magazine/content/03_15/b3828601.htm (2531 words)

	Nepali Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		It is a classic Catch 22 situation: the Maoist war is sucking money away from development which is needed to address the root causes of the insurgency.
		And the government’s problem is that with the budget it has, it can’t do both: fight the war and fight poverty at the same time.
		As it is, the war has already derailed spending plans and the government will be coming up with a new supplementary budget with re-allocations.
	www.nepalnews.com.np /ntimes/issue71/headline_1.htm (503 words)

	Japan's War Economy - Erich Pauer - Mobipocket eBooks
		Japan's economic growth in the wake of the Second World War was extraordinarily rapid.
		The August 1945 surrender is often taken as starting point for studies of this growth, but it is now accepted that a continuous line of economic development may be traced from the pre- to post-war periods.
		Japan's War Economy explores the substantial and dynamic innovations of the wartime era, identifying this period as the most influential for the country's post-war economic structure.
	www.ebookmall.com /ebook/89963-ebook.htm (442 words)

	Message war over economy \| csmonitor.com
		The message war of the campaign is now firmly launched on two tracks, security issues - including the war on terrorism and Iraq - and the economy.
		For Senator Edwards, Iraq was never a big part of his stump speech when he ran for the nomination; he was the man of "two Americas," the wealthy former trial lawyer who still managed to project affinity for the little guy rather than the affluent elite that he had long ago joined.
		Right out of the block Wednesday morning, the Bush-Cheney campaign came back with a series of headlines touting economic good news, including analysts predicting that the economy is on track for its fastest growth in 20 years.
	www.csmonitor.com /2004/0708/p01s02-uspo.html (995 words)

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