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Topic: War in Bosnia and Herzegovina


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In the News (Thu 31 Dec 09)

  
  Bosnia and Herzegovina - MSN Encarta
Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian Bosna i Hercegovina), country in southeastern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula.
Bosnia’s principal rivers include the Bosna, the Sava, which flows along the northern frontier, and the Sava’s tributaries, the Una, Drina, and Vrbas.
Casualty rates during the war were approximately equal for the ethnic Muslims and Serbs (between 1992 and 1995, 7.4 percent of the prewar Muslim population and 7.1 percent of the prewar Serb population were killed or listed as missing); the casualty rate for the ethnic Croats was much lower.
encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761563626/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.html   (1055 words)

  
  Bosnia and Herzegovina - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
The Dayton Agreement succeeded in ending the bloodshed in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and it institutionalized the division between the Bosnian-Herzegovinian Muslim and Croat entity - Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (51% of the territory), and the Bosnian-Herzegovinian Serb entity - Republika Srpska (49%).
Bosnia and Herzegovina is divided into the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska.
Bosnia is located in the western Balkans, bordering Croatia to the north and south-west, and Serbia and Montenegro to the east.
encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /bosnia_and_herzegovina.htm   (1377 words)

  
 Bosnia and Herzegovina - MSN Encarta
Bosnia was economically one of the least developed republics of the former Yugoslavia.
By the time war broke out in 1992, Bosnia’s inflation rate was already at 120 percent; during the war, it rose to well over 1,000 percent.
Bosnia’s gross domestic product (GDP) grew at 20 to 30 percent per year from 1995 to 1998, although the recovery was driven almost entirely by international aid.
encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761563626_3/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.html   (850 words)

  
 History of the War in Bosnia
BosniaÃs Muslims are Slavs who converted to Islam in the 14th and 15th centuries after the Ottoman Empire conquered the region.
Throughout Bosnia, Bosnian Serb nationalists and the JNA began a systematic policy of "ethnic cleansing" (a polite term for genocide) to establish a "pure" Serb republic.
Bosnia was attacked by the Yugoslav National Army, Bosnian Serb nationalists, and Bosnian Croat nationalists..
www.friendsofbosnia.org /edu_bos.html   (2438 words)

  
 Acute Coronary Syndrome and the 1992-1995 War in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A 10-Year Retrospective Study - Health - ...
Objective: To examine the effects of war in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome among civilians.
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of war in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome among civilians.
During the war, the population in the region of Mostar (Bosnia and Herzegovina) was under the influence of various risk factors that could have affected their health.
www.redorbit.com /news/display?id=152027&source=r_health   (2891 words)

  
 Women For Women International
Bosnia and Herzegovina was part of Yugoslavia from the time of the federation’s inception after World War I. From 1992 to 1995, Slobodan Milosevic and the leader of the Bosnian Serbs, Radovan Karadzic, led an ethnic-cleansing war by terrorizing and forcibly displacing all non-Serbs in Bosnia.
Sixty percent of all houses in Bosnia and Herzegovina, half of the schools, and a third of the hospitals were damaged or destroyed.
(51% of the territory) and the Bosnia Serb-led Republika Srpska(49% of the territory)
www.womenforwomen.org /fsbosniaandherzegovina.htm   (252 words)

  
 UNIFEM Gender Profile - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Women, War & Peace   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
A report by the Bosnia and Herzegovina government cited evidence of the rape by Serbs of at least 13,000 women and girls, the majority of whom were Muslim, hypothesizing that the actual number was close to 50,000.
Bosnia and Herzegovina is a regional conduit for the trafficking of women and children.
The government of Bosnia and Herzegovina was an observer in the UNIFEM-organized high-level Dubrovnik conference on the commitments of governments to CEDAW implementation in the region.
www.womenwarpeace.org /bosnia/bosnia.htm   (9504 words)

  
 Bosnia - Facts on Trafficking and Prostitution
One to four percent of raped women became pregnant during the wars in the former Yugoslavia.
The Medica Zenica center for women found that the women survivors of rapes during the wars in the former Yugslavia, have all the symptoms of rape trauma--hyperarousal, constant fear, anxiety, withdrawal, loneliness, sometimes suicidal tendencies, reliving the trauma through nightmares, flashbacks, phobias, feelings of loneliness, shame, and guilt.
During the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, women were systematically captured and raped as terrorization, a weapon of war in rape camps and detention facilities.
www.uri.edu /artsci/wms/hughes/bosnia.htm   (620 words)

  
 MapZones.com : Bosnia and Herzegovina Map
Bosnia and Herzegovina (in Serbo-Croatian, Bosna i Herzegovina), republic in south-eastern Europe, in the Balkan Peninsula, bounded on the north and west by Croatia, and on the east and south by Serbia and Montenegro.
Bosnia was economically one of the least developed republics of the former Yugoslavia.
Bosnia and Herzegovina ranked next to The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia as the poorest republic in the old Yugoslav federation.
atlas.mapzones.com /bosnia_hercegovina   (2497 words)

  
 Post Report   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
Bosnia and Herzegovina consists of two land regions: Bosnia, the northern part, is mountainous, and covered with thick forests; Herzegovina, the southern part, is composed largely of rocky hills and flat farmland.
Bosnia and Herzegovina remained provinces of the Ottoman Empire until the 1878 Congress of Berlin gave temporary control of the region to Austria- Hungary.
In June 1914, Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian nationalist from Bosnia, assassinated Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary and his wife in Sarajevo, precipitating the outbreak of World War I. Following World War I, Bosnia and Herzegovina was awarded to Serbia by the Treaty of Versailles, and became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes.
foia.state.gov /MMS/postrpt/print_pr_View_All.asp?cntryID=19§ion=&print=true&c_ID=&p_id=&s_ID=   (6350 words)

  
 Independence and war (from Bosnia and Herzegovina) --  Encyclopædia Britannica
Bosnia and Herzegovina in Historical Perspective BY IAN D. A federal republic of the western Balkans, Bosnia and Herzegovina borders Croatia on the north, southwest, and south, the Adriatic Sea on the south (via a narrow extension), and Yugoslavia on the east.
A republic of the western Balkans, Bosnia and Herzegovina borders Croatia on the north, southwest, and south, the Adriatic Sea on the south (via a narrow extension), and Yugoslavia on the east.
Bosnia and Herzegovina is bounded on the north, west, and south by Croatia, on the southwest by the Adriatic Sea, and on the east by Serbia and Montenegro.
www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=223952   (911 words)

  
 Bosnia and Herzegovina (02/07)
In Bosnia and Herzegovina, there are 407 primary schools with 250,000 students, 171 secondary schools with 80,000 students, 7 universities in the major cities (Sarajevo, Mostar, Banja Luka, Tuzla, Bihac, and Foca) and 6 academies (4 pedagogic and 2 art academies).
Bosnia and Herzegovina introduced the direct election of mayors at regional and municipal elections held in October 2004.
Bosnia and Herzegovina maintains an embassy in the United States at 2109 E Street NW, Washington, DC 20037 (tel.: 202-337-1500; fax: 202-337-1502).
www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2868.htm   (2939 words)

  
 Essential Background: Overview of human rights issues in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Human Rights Watch World Report 2007, ...
The legacy of the 1992-95 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina continued to define the key human rights challenges during 2006, with war crimes accountability and the rights of former refugees and displaced persons the most pressing concerns.
The efforts of cantonal and district courts to prosecute war crimes continue to be hindered by lack of support from the public, under-resourcing, and witness cooperation issues: victims are generally reluctant to travel to another entity’s courts to testify against the accused, and entity-level witness protection schemes need developing.
Bosnia refused to sign up to a September 2006 agreement between Croatia and Serbia that would facilitate prosecutions in the country of residence, insisting that defendants be tried in the country where the crimes took place.
hrw.org /englishwr2k7/docs/2007/01/11/bosher14773.htm   (1515 words)

  
 Spirit of Bosnia
A state, Bosnia and Herzegovina, was created which has not been able to function properly for ten full years, for the simple reason that the Dayton Accords left all the nationalist parties in power.
Bosnia and Herzegovina has had to pass through three transitions in this condition: the first was the building of institutions and a stable peace; the second was the transition of property ownership from socialist to private; and the third was the transition from dependence on the international community to self-reliance.
War profiteers, whose wealth, based on bestial looting of victims, are now prominent citizens and businessmen, while the surviving victims, witness to the source of the wealth these men enjoy, are often beggars today.
www.spiritofbosnia.org /?lang=eng&x=3&y=15   (2602 words)

  
 Bosnia-Herzegovina
In Bosnia the populace tended to align by its ethnic and religious allegiances, with Slovenes and Croats associating with the Catholic West (usually Italy and Austria), Serbs identifying with the Russians and the Orthodox East, and Bosnian Muslims favoring the Islamic Turks.
Within Bosnia, ethnic Croats and Serbs often formed small majorities in the countryside and villages, with the former usually found in the western and southern sections and the latter customarily living in the northern and eastern parts.
Bosnia was peppered with at least thirty types of antitank and antipersonnel mines, which were responsible for nearly one-third of all UNPROFOR casualties.
www.army.mil /cmh/brochures/Bosnia-Herzegovina/Bosnia-Herzegovina.htm   (11508 words)

  
 History of Bosnia
This event precipitated World War I. Bosnia and Herzegovina was annexed to Serbia on Oct. 26, 1918, as part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes.
With the collapse of communism in 1989-90, Bosnia and Herzegovina was engulfed by a wave of nationalism that swept Yugoslavia.
The war ended in December 1995 with a peace accord that created a loosely federalized Bosnia and Herzegovina divided roughly evenly between a Bosniac-Croat federation and a Serb republic.
sadik.net /bosnia/historyofbosnia.htm   (882 words)

  
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina (officially Bosna i Hercegovina/Босна и Херцеговина, shortened to BiH, also in English variously written Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bosnia and Hercegovina, Bosnia-Hercegovina) is a mountainous country in the western Balkans.
Following the war, Bosnia became part of the South Slav kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed to kingdom of Yugoslavia).
On November 21, 1995, in Dayton, Ohio, presidents of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Alija Izetbegović), Croatia (Franjo Tuđman), and Serbia (Slobodan Milošević) signed a peace agreement that brought a halt to the three years of war in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the final agreement was signed in Paris on 14 December 1995).
creekin.net /n24-bosnia-and-herzegovina.html   (1456 words)

  
 Bosnia and Herzegovina: History, Geography, Government, and Culture — FactMonster.com
Bosnia and Herzegovina were annexed to Serbia as part of the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes on Oct. 26, 1918.
Bosnia and Herzegovina: Economy - Economy Never particularly robust, Bosnia and Herzegovina's economy was shattered by the civil...
Bosnia and Herzegovina: History - History Early History The area was part of the Roman province of Illyricum.
www.factmonster.com /ipka/A0107349.html   (1787 words)

  
 Rural poverty in Bosnia and and Herzegovina
Since the end of the war, Bosnia has become a country of transit and destination for women from eastern and central European countries who are forced or deceived into prostitution.
The widespread poverty in Bosnia-Herzegovina is largely an outcome of the war and the difficult transition of a former communist state to a market economy.
Despite the fact that many turned to farming to make a living after the war, in 2005 only half of the arable land was under cultivation, often because state-owned land was awaiting privatization or because most of the arable land is poorly irrigated, lacks flood protection or is infested with land mines.
www.ruralpovertyportal.org /english/regions/europe/bih/index.htm   (651 words)

  
 [Project Rastko] Carl K. Savich: Islam, Catholicism, and Orthodoxy: The Civil War in Bosnia-Herzegovina, 1992-1995
What emerged were civil wars between the three groups or ethnic communities in a three-way civil war where each group sought to gain control of regions and areas of the former Yugoslavia where their population group predominated.
Bosnia and Kosovo, because of their Muslim populations, have long been regarded as safe havens and spearheads and bases for the infiltration of militant and radical Islamic groups.
A Muslim-dominated Bosnia was thus factually untenable and not viable and was therefore doomed to failure and collapse.
www.rastko.org.yu /istorija/iii/cksavich-religions.html   (6367 words)

  
 Human Rights Watch: Publications: Europe and Central Asia : Bosnia and Herzegovina
In March 2005, the War Crimes Chamber began operations within Bosnia’s State Court to try cases of serious war crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina that could not be prosecuted within the mandate or timeframe of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY).
The Una Sana canton, a province in northwestern Bosnia, is currently controlled by the SDA, with officials loyal to the SDA dominating almost all aspects of government, including law enforcement, public utilities and medical and educational institutions, and the economy.
The ethnically-motivated intimidation, mistreatment and expulsions of civilians that were the hallmark of the war in Bosnia and Hercegovina have continued since the signing of the Dayton agreement.
hrw.org /reports/world/b-h-pubs.php   (1912 words)

  
 Bosnia and Herzegovina — Infoplease.com
Bosnia and Herzegovina: History, Geography, Government, and Culture - Information on Bosnia and Herzegovina — geography, history, politics, government, economy, population statistics, culture, religion, languages, largest cities, as well as a map and the national flag.
Bosnia and Herzegovina: Land and People - Land and People The Yugoslav republic that became the present country was formed from two...
Postwar political economy in Bosnia and Herzegovina: the spoils of peace.
www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0808419.html   (250 words)

  
 ipedia.com: Bosnia and Herzegovina Article   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
Bosnia and Herzegovina is a mountainous country in the western Balkans.
The Cold War saw the establishment of the Communist Yugoslavia under Tito, and the reestablishment of Bosnia as a republic within its Ottoman borders.
On November 21, 1995, in Dayton, Ohio, the warring parties signed a peace agreement that brought to a halt the three years of interethnic civil strife (the final agreement was signed in Paris on December 14, 1995).
www.ipedia.com /bosnia_and_herzegovina.html   (1276 words)

  
 Zvornik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Zvornik is a city on the Drina river in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, located southwest of Tuzla and north of Srebrenica.
Before the war in Bosnia, the Zvornik municipality was one of the largest in the country with a population of 81,111.
Zvornik is one of the oldest cities in Bosnia, being first mentioned in the year 1410, although it was known as Zvonik ("bell tower") at that time.
creekin.net /c1502-n24-zvornik-bosnia-and-herzegovina.html   (389 words)

  
 War Crimes > - HERCEG BOSNA :: Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina ::
It is a good comparison for anyone not well acquanited with the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in order to understand the situation faced by the Croats in the Lašva Valley.
The journalists who were regularly visiting Bosnia and Herzegovina, were regularly being served their «full dose» of such propaganda, and since they were unable to personally observe events on the ground, they began to repeat that thesis and such myths.
Even the UN and EU forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina often had an unclear picture of the overall situation and often came to the wrong conclusions which heavily relied on information supplied by the government in Sarajevo or information given by personal translators and guides who were mainly Muslim.
www.hercegbosna.org /engleski/interview.html   (1584 words)

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