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Topic: The War of the Grand Alliance

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War of the League of Augsburg

Nine Years War

Dutch War

War of the Spanish Succession

War of Devolution

King Williams War

British military history

War of the Austrian Succession

Queen Annes War

King Billy

League of Augsburg

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French and Indian War

Louis XIV of France

English Civil War

	War of the Spanish Succession - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The war proceeded for over a decade, and was marked by the military leadership of notable generals such as the Duc de Villars and the Duke of Berwick for France, the Duke of Marlborough for England, and Prince Eugene of Savoy for the Austrians.
		The war was concluded by the treaties of Utrecht (1713) and Rastatt (1714).
		As the War of the Grand Alliance came to a close in 1697, the issue of the Spanish succession was becoming critical.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession (3853 words)

	Nine Years War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The war was fought to resist French expansionism along the Rhine, as well as, on the part of England, to safeguard the results of the Glorious Revolution from a possible French-backed restoration of James II.
		The war began with the French invasion of the Palatinate in 1688, ostensibly to support the claims of Louis XIV's sister-in-law, the Duchess of Orleans, to the territory following the death of her nephew in 1685 and the territory's inheritance by the junior Neuburg branch of the family.
		Charles of Lorraine and Maximilian of Bavaria (lately comrades in the Turkish war) besieged Mainz, and the elector of Brandenburg besieged Bonn.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/War_of_the_Grand_Alliance (2425 words)

	GRAND ALLIANCE - LoveToKnow Article on GRAND ALLIANCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This was the beginning of the theory that war was an affair of the regular forces only, and that intervention in it by the civil population was a punishable offence.
		The general character of the war being borne in mind, ninetenths of its marches and marnnuvres can be almost taken as read ; the remaining tenth, the exceptional and abnormal part of it, alone possesses an interest for modern readers.
		In this system of war the rival armies, as armies, were almost in a state of equilibrium, and more was to be expected from an army dealing with something dissimilar to itselfa fortress or a patch of land or a convoythan from its collision with another army of equal force.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /G/GR/GRAND_ALLIANCE.htm (7925 words)

	WHKMLA : War of the Grand Alliance, 1689-1697
		The Grand Alliance had not defeated France militarily, but had succeeded in her investing in the war far beyond her means; France had been brought to the negotiation table by war fatigue.
		War of the Augsburg League, from Land Forces of Britain, the Commonwealth and Empire, as of June 1st 2003 an empty shell
		War of the League of Augsburg, 1689-1697, from Lafete, on the war in Acadia
	www.zum.de /whkmla/military/17cen/grandall.html (806 words)

	War of the Polish Succession Information - TextSheet.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The War of the Polish Succession (1733-1738) was a European war and a Polish civil war, with considerable interference from other countries, to determine the succession to Augustus II, King of Poland.
		The war opened in 1733 with an invasion of Poland by Russia, which quickly took Warsaw and forced the election of Augsutus as king by the portion of the Sejm that could be assembled.
		The Infant Charles of Spain was confirmed as king of Naples and Sicily, with the Austrians being compensated by the acquisition of Charles's Duchy of Parma, and by the other powers' recognition of the Pragmatic Sanction that would allow Emperor Charles's daughter Maria Theresa to succeed him.
	www.medbuster.com /encyclopedia/w/wa/war_of_the_polish_succession.html (336 words)

	Spanish Succession (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The wars had their roots in the Anglo-Dutch commercial rivalry, although the last of the three wars was a wider conflict in which French interests played a primary role.
		WAR OF 1667–68, undertaken by Louis XIV for the conquest of the Spanish Netherlands.
		The Triple Alliance of 1668 was formed by the Netherlands, England, and Sweden against France after Louis XIV had invaded the Spanish Netherlands in the War of Devolution.
	www.louis-xiv.de /louisold/Wars/SpanishSuccession.html (2372 words)

	USMHWeb14
		King William's War (The War Of The League Of Augsburg; The War Of The Grand Alliance)
		A landmark alliance was achieved on 15 August, 1694 when a peace treaty was signed between representatives from the colonies of Connecticut, Massachusetts-Bay, New Jersey and New York and the Iroquois League at Albany.
		The War of the Grand Alliance, or the War of the League of Augsburg, was concluded in the European theatre on 30 October, 1697.
	www.motherbedford.com /USMHWeb14.htm (856 words)

	War of the Grand Alliance - Wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The War of the Grand Alliance, also called the War of the League of Augsburg and the Nine Years War, was fought from 1688 to 1697 between France under Louis XIV and a European coalition known first as the League of Augsburg and later (after 1689) as the Grand Alliance.
		At first England was to ally with France, but King James II was deposed in the Glorious Revolution, and his successor King William III joined the Grand Alliance against the French.
		The North American campaigns of this war were known in the English colonies as King William's War, also known as the French and Indian Wars.
	www.mvlife.com /mv/mvlife_wiki/ni/Nine_Years_War.html (114 words)

	Spanish Succession, War of the. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The conflict in America corresponding to the period of the War of the Spanish Succession was known as Queen Anne’s War (see French and Indian Wars).
		Louis XIV, exhausted by the War of the Grand Alliance, sought a peaceful solution to the succession controversy and reached an agreement (1698) with King William III of England.
		The year 1706 was marked by Eugene’s victory at Turin, which resulted in French evacuation of N Italy, and by Marlborough’s triumph at Ramillies (see Ramillies, battle of), which compelled the French to retreat in the Low Countries.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sp/SpanSuc.html (877 words)

	The War of the Grand Alliance 1688-97 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The European phase of the war broke out first when WIlliam III joined the League of Augsburg and the Netherlands (Grand Alliance, 12 May 1689) to resist Louis XIV's invasion of the Rhenish Palatinate (25 Sept. 1688).
		Hostilities in King William's War begain in 1690, when in the course of a few months Schenectady, N.Y., was burned by the French and Indians, and colonial English forces launched attacks on Port Royal (now Annapolis Royal), Nova Scotia, and on Quebec.
		The Treaty of Ryswick, by which were ended the war and its European counterpart, the War of the Grand Alliance restored all colonial possessions to their prewar status.
	www.113.d2g.com /orange-pages/alliance.htm (848 words)

	Grand Alliance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Grand Alliance (known, prior to 1689, as the League of Augsburg) was a European coalition, consisting (at various times) of Austria, Bavaria, Brandenburg, England, the Holy Roman Empire, the Netherlands, the Palatinate, Saxony, Spain, Sweden, and the United Provinces.
		The organization, which was founded in 1686, was known as the "Grand Alliance" after England joined the League (in 1689).
		This organization fought the War of the Grand Alliance, against France, from 1688 to 1697.
	mywiseowl.com /articles/Grand_Alliance (146 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Nine Years War, War of the League of Augsburg, War of the Grand Alliance, King Williams' War, ...
		The war was the third occasion on which the major European powers confronted the expansionist plans of Louis XIV of France whose desire to extend the influence and integration of Catholic powers under Bourbon rule animated so much of European history in the late seventeenth-century.
		This particular war was caused in part by the anticipation of the death of the heirless and partly insane Charles II of Spain – the last of the Spanish Hapsburgs – whose eventual demise would enable the remaking of Bourbon and Hapsburg dynasties and the lands they controlled.
		This war, known in America as King Williams’ War, is also known as the first of the four French and Indian wars which in the course of the eighteenth century would see the French ousted from Canada and the eastern coast of North America.
	www.litencyc.com /php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=1437 (829 words)

	History of THE WAR OF THE GRAND ALLIANCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The eventual leader of the alliance is William III, ruler of both England and Holland.
		It is a measure of the interconnection of this European war that the continuing conflict in Ireland, this same summer, is fought between a Dutch general (Godard van Ginkel) on behalf of William III and a French one (the marquis de Saint-Ruth) for James II.
		In 1688 French interference in Cologne and the Palatinate brought immediate confrontation with the armies of the Grand Alliance on France's northern and eastern borders - in Flanders and on the Rhine.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab68 (960 words)

	THE WAR OF THE GRAND ALLIANCE
		The War of the Grand Alliance (War of the League of Augsburg or the Nine Years War) was a war which lasted from 1688 to 1697.
		The war was fought between France and the League of Augsburg (which, by 1689, was known as the "Grand Alliance").
		This war was fought, not only in Europe, but also in North America; where it is known as King William's War.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/THE+WAR+OF+THE+GRAND+ALLIANCE (163 words)

	Queen Anne's War (War of the Spanish Succession) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Grand Alliance (England, the League of Augsburg, Denmark, Portugal, and the Netherlands) declared war on France and Spain to prevent union of the French and Spanish thrones following the death of King Charles II of Spain.
		The raid was one of the bloodiest events of Queen Anne's War (1702-1713), the second of the French and Indian Wars.
		Queen Anne's War was ended by the Treaty of Utrecht, which brought the War of Spanish Succession to a close in Europe.
	www.usahistory.com /wars/spansucc.htm (719 words)

	War of the Spanish Succession (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) was a major European wararmed conflict that arose in 1701 after the death of the last Spanish HabsburgsSpanish Habsburg king, Charles II of SpainCharles II.
		The war was concluded by the treaties of Treaty of Utrecht (1713)Utrecht (1713) and First Congress of RastattRastatt (1714).
		In Great Britain, Marlborough's powerful political influence was lost, as the source of much of his clout—the friendship between his wife and the Queen—came to an end, with Queen Anne dismissing the Sarah Churchill, Duchess of MarlboroughDuchess of Marlborough from her offices and banishing her from the court.
	www.infothis.com /find/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession (4087 words)

	Grand Alliance, War of the. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		1688–97, war between France and a coalition of European powers, known as the League of Augsburg (and, after 1689, as the Grand Alliance).
		On land, however, Louis and Vauban took Namur (1692); Marshal Luxembourg was victorious at Fleurus (1690) over the Dutch and at Steenkerke (1692) and Neerwinden (1693) over William III; and the duke of Savoy was defeated at Marsaglia by Catinat (1693), while another French army entered Catalonia.
		The exhaustion of the belligerents and the defection of Savoy from the Grand Alliance (1696) finally led to the Treaty of Ryswick.
	www.bartleby.com /65/gr/GrandAll.html (289 words)

	The Royal Philatelic Society London - The Continental Connection 1423-1815, Merchant Strangers’Post, Merchant ...
		This war, between a number of allies, including England, Holland and the Holy Roman Empire, was against France and was largely the result of a power struggle between Bourbon (French) and Habsburg (Spanish) monarchies.
		At the outbreak of war in 1793 the Dover-Calais packet ceased and the boats were transferred to Harwich to complement the Harwich-Hellevoetsluis route.
		The war prevented mail from the Netherlands passing through France to Spain and the letter of May 1795 was carried privately to London and then forwarded to Spain by Falmouth packet.
	www.rpsl.org.uk /continental_connection/index.html (4766 words)

	Reader's Companion to Military History - - Grand Alliance, War of the (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In September 1688, Louis XIV precipitated the War of the Grand Alliance by laying siege to Philipsbourg, a fortress commanding an important Rhine crossing that Louis regarded as a potential invasion route to Alsace.
		He hoped for a limited war along the banks of the Rhine, but when he met unexpected opposition, Louis ordered the devastation of the Palatinate (1688-1689) to deny its assets to the enemy, and this act shocked Europe.
		As in the preceding wars, the major seat of fighting soon shifted to the Spanish Netherlands, where the French armies led by Marshal Luxembourg scored important victories at Steenkerke and Neerwinden, while Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban successfully directed sieges against Mons, Namur, and Charleroi.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/mil/html/ml_020500_grandallianc.htm (409 words)

	Nine Years War: Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage
		This first episode in the long contest between England and France is also known as King William's War, and as the War of the Grand Alliance.
		Louis' ambitions alarmed other European states, and by mid-1689 he was confronted by the Grand Alliance of Spain, the United Provinces, England, the Emperor, and many German and Italian princes.
		However, there had been some dramatic campaigns on the island during the war, which showed the British government that if it was to maintain its position in Newfoundland, then it would have to defend it.
	www.heritage.nf.ca /exploration/9years.html (369 words)

	War of the Spanish Succession
		The war was fought over the European balance of power; the Spanish King Charles II had willed his kingdom to Philip V, a grandson of the French King Louis XIV.
		The war in Spain settled into indecisive skirmishing from which it would not emerge.
		The Spanish Netherlands, Naples, and Milan were ceded to Austria; Sicily (replaced by Sardinia in 1720) was ceded to Savoy; Britain was given the exclusive right to slave trading in Spanish America; Gibraltar and Minorca were transferred from Spain to the UK; and a variety of French colonial possessions were given to Britain.
	usapedia.com /w/war-of-the-spanish-succession.html (1021 words)

	King William's War
		King William's War, the first European war that involved the British since the time of Henry VIII, was the first episode in the long contest between England and France.
		The War of the League of Augsburg (1689-97) also known as The Nine Years' War, and as the War of the Grand Alliance was known in America as King William's War.
		The European war broke out on 12 May 1689 when William III of England joined the League of Augsburg and the Netherlands (the Grand Alliance) to resist Louis XIV's invasion of the Rhenish Palatinate of 25 September 1688.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/ops/king_william.htm (372 words)

	War Of The Grand Alliance
		An aggressive war waged by Louis XIV against Spain and the Empire and England and Holland and other states (1689-1697).
		Synonym: War of the League of Augsburg (n).
		English words defined with "War of the Grand Alliance": battle of Boyne, Boyne.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /Wa/War+of+the+Grand+Alliance.html (289 words)

	World History 1675- 1700 AD
		On September 21 William issued a declaration and landed at Tor Bay in November assuming the throne.
		After the revolution placed William of Orange on the throne of England, England and Holland joined the alliance against France.
		This battle was part of the War of English Succession.
	www.multied.com /dates/1675ad.html (680 words)

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