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Topic: Wassenaar

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	Wassenaar guilty in standoff
		Wassenaar, 42, was serving his second sentence on armed robbery charges when he and his cellmate, Coy, 41, fought their way out of the prison unit's kitchen on Jan. 18, 2004 and took Fraley and correctional Officer Jason Auch hostage.
		Wassenaar was found not guilty of attempted second-degree murder for allegedly shooting at a correctional officer.
		Wassenaar's sister Renae Olszewski, 40, who came from Michigan to sit through the eight-week trial was not surprised at most of the verdicts.
	www.azcentral.com /specials/special21/articles/0505wassenaar05.html (559 words)

	Wassenaar refuses to attend trial in protest \| www.azstarnet.com ®
		Ricky Wassenaar, 41, said he was acting in protest to a ruling from a judge that would require him to wear electronic monitors during his trial.
		Wassenaar and fellow inmate Steven Coy, 40, took the two correctional officers hostage in a guard tower at the Arizona State Prison Complex-Lewis in Buckeye on Jan. 18.
		Wassenaar had planned to represent himself but he asked the judge to reinstate a court-appointed attorney to represent him in his absence.
	www.azstarnet.com /sn/printDS/53036 (518 words)

	Arms Control Association: Arms Control Today: Wassenaar Arrangement Agrees On MANPADS Export Criteria
		The Wassenaar criteria call for members to export MANPADS only to foreign governments or their authorized agents and to weigh the possibility of whether the missiles will be diverted or misused by the recipient government.
		Wassenaar members agreed to five practices emphasizing that surplus weaponry should be subjected to the same controls as new weaponry.
		The Wassenaar Arrangement was established in July 1996 to promote transparency and greater responsibility in the arms trade with the aim of preventing destabilizing weapons accumulations.
	www.armscontrol.org /act/2001_01-02/wassenaarjanfeb01.asp (847 words)

	Wassenaar - Wikipedia
		Wassenaar bestaat uit een dorpskern met daaromheen een bosrijke omgeving met veel villa's en landhuizen.
		Wassenaar grenst aan het dorp Voorschoten waar al jarenlang goede betrekkingen mee zijn.
		Het geslacht van Wassenaar huisde bijvoorbeeld in Kasteel Duivenvoorde in Voorschoten en Landgoed De Horsten, waar Eikenhorst een deel van is, ligt gedeeltelijk in de buurgemeente.
	nl.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wassenaar (449 words)

	U. S. Bureau of Industry and Security - Wassenaar FAQs
		The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies, the first global multilateral arrangement covering both conventional weapons and sensitive dual-use goods and technologies, received final approval by 33 co-founding countries in July 1996 and began operations in September 1996.
		The Wassenaar Arrangement is also designed to deal firmly with states whose behavior is a cause for serious concern by preventing, through shared national policies of restraint, their acquisition of armaments and sensitive dual-use goods and technologies for military end-use.
		The Wassenaar Arrangement provides a venue in which governments can consider collectively the implications of various transfers on their international and regional security interests.
	www.bis.doc.gov /Wassenaar/WASSFAQs.html (1412 words)

	Wassenaar - The Cryptic Enigma
		The Wassenaar Arrangement, which was originally established in 1996 to control the export of strategic military weapons, has now extended its scope to include mass market encryption tools, in a move that has been greeted with widespread disapproval around the globe.
		The basic objective of the Wassenaar Arrangement is to prevent the acquisition of conventional arms and sensitive dual-use technologies for military end-uses by States whose behaviour is, or becomes, a cause for serious international concern.
		Wassenaar itself is silent on the intangibles question, leaving it up to individual countries to determine policy.
	www.efa.org.au /Issues/Crypto/enigma.html (2639 words)

	History & Culture and Tourism
		Wassenaar is situated to the north of The Hague / Scheveningen andÂ to the south west of Leiden.
		The coastline of Wassenaar is over 8 kilometers long and covers an area over 60 square kilometer.Â Wassenaar hasÂ approx.
		The pleasant village centre of Wassenaar is surrounded by dunes, wooded areas, estates and residences.
	english.wassenaar.nl /general_information/history_culture_tourism (323 words)

	AeANET : Administration Encryption Efforts with Wassenaar Arrangement Come up Short
		The Wassenaar Arrangement is an organization of 33 countries seeking regional and international security and stability by promoting transparency and greater responsibility in transfers of conventional arms and dual-use goods and technologies.
		Wassenaar members' agreement to control a common list of products does NOT mean that there is a level playing field with respect to those products.
		Wassenaar members will now be "authorized" to require licenses (or not) and to issue licenses (or not) at their national discretion for certain encrypted mass market products.
	www.aeanet.org /PressRoom/pret_120998wassenaar.asp (575 words)

	OPENING STATEMENT
		Wassenaar=s members also include countries that had been outside of NATO during the Cold War, such as Austria, Sweden and Switzerland, and new industrial powers such as the Republic of Korea and Argentina.
		Since the establishment of Wassenaar, the EU has also developed as a multilateral vehicle for coordination of dual use and arms exports, and this offers both challenges and opportunities for the Wassenaar Arrangement and for the U.S. The European Union has been given responsibility for dual-use export controls.
		The Wassenaar Arrangement has a strong record of success in bringing new parties to observe the international norms of export controls and nonproliferation and in reducing sales of arms to dangerous places.
	www.senate.gov /comm/governmental_affairs/general/041200_reinsch.htm (2470 words)

	The Wassenaar Arrangement \| F.A.Q.
		The name comes from Wassenaar, a town located in a suburb of the Hague, Netherlands, where an agreement was reached in 1995 to start a new type of multilateral co-operation.
		The Wassenaar Arrangement is presently composed of 40 countries.
		The Wassenaar Arrangement became operational in 1996, after the adoption of the Initial Elements at the July 1996 Plenary.
	www.wassenaar.org /faq/index.html (225 words)

	OPENING STATEMENT
		Wassenaar members deal with these "countries of concern" by preventing, through shared national policies of restraint, their acquisition of armaments and sensitive dual use goods and technologies for military end-use.
		Wassenaar provides for the first time a global mechanism for controlling transfers of conventional armaments, and a forum in which governments can examine and debate the implications of various transfers on their international and regional security interests.
		Wassenaar is a product of the post-Cold War period, and faces a dramatically different security environment than institutions developed during that period.
	www.senate.gov /comm/governmental_affairs/general/041200_holum.htm (1326 words)

	GILC Wassenaar Campaign
		The aim of the Wassenaar Arrangement is to prevent the build up of military capabilities that threaten regional and international security and stability, by restricting the proliferation of offensive strategic weapons.
		It treats encryption as a munition to be restricted in the same manner as weapons of war.
		Wassenaar Arrangement On Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies.
	www.gilc.org /crypto/wassenaar (151 words)

	Wassenaar Arrangement
		The Wassenaar Arrangement on export controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies, is the first global multilateral arrangement covering both conventional weapons and sensitive dual-use goods and technologies which can be used in the development of weapons of mass destruction and their delivery systems.
		The Wassenaar Arrangement is also designed to deal firmly with states whose behaviour is a cause for serious concern by preventing, through shared national policies of restraint, their acquisition of armaments and sensitive dual-use goods and technologies for military end-use.
		In accordance with the objectives of the Arrangements, the Participating States meet on a regular basis to ensure that transfers of conventional arms and transfers of dual-use goods and technologies are carried out responsibly and in furtherance of international and regional peace and security.
	www.dfa.gov.za /foreign/Multilateral/inter/wasse.htm (1645 words)

	U. S. Bureau of Industry and Security - Wassenaar
		The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies, is one of four multilateral export control regimes in which the United States participates.
		In general, export controls for dual-use goods and technologies controlled in the Wassenaar Arrangement are administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce and controlled for national security reasons on the Commerce Control List and the U.S. Department of State administers export controls on conventional arms.
		The agreement establishing the Wassenaar Arrangement, called the initial elements, was approved by its 33 founding countries in July 1996.
	www.bis.doc.gov /Wassenaar (297 words)

	Wassenaar Arrangement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies (Wassenaar Arrangement) contributes to regional and international security and stability by promoting transparency and greater responsibility in transfers of conventional arms and dual-use goods and technologies, thus preventing destabilizing accumulations of such items.
		The Wassenaar Arrangement calls for member states to report twice annually on transfers of arms and specified dual-use items to non-members of the Arrangement.
		Members of the Wassenaar Arrangement agree to meet periodically to discuss the functioning of the Arrangement and to consult on ways to improve export control efforts and other issues relevant to the regime.
	www.fas.org /nuke/control/wassenaar/index.html (368 words)

	The Wassenaar Arrangement and Controls on Cryptographic Products
		The Wassenaar Arrangement has been established in order to contribute to regional and international security and stability, by promoting transparency and greater responsibility in transfers of conventional arms and dual-use goods and technologies, thus preventing destabilising accumulations.
		It is important, therefore, that the nations involved in Wassenaar promote truly defensive capabilities whilst working to prevent accumulations of offensive weapons and seeking to control and monitor those that can be used for either offensive or defensive purposes.
		A careful study of the Wassenaar Arrangement shows that it is does not provide a basis for export controls that harm or impede civil activities but this is exactly what existing controls on cryptography do.
	www.cyber-rights.org /crypto/wassenaar.htm (3401 words)

	The Wassenaar Invasion of Privacy
		But such software won't be available anymore--at least not from one of the Wassenaar countries, once they have enacted local legislation to implement the terms of the Wassenaar agreement of December 2.
		The Wassenaar agreement says encryption software that is "weak" (less than 56 bit keys in some cases, or less than 64 bit keys in others), so that the government can unscramble and read the real message underneath the gibberish, is okay, and in fact frees up some export restrictions on this type of software.
		This gives Wassenaar member governments the legal authority to license many mass market encryption software exports which were previously not covered by multilateral controls and enables governments to review the dissemination of the strongest encryption products that might fall into the hands of rogue end users.
	www.aci.net /kalliste/wassenaa.htm (1417 words)

	Groups condemn Wassenaar crypto pact
		The revision to the Wassenaar Arrangement was signed by 33 countries in Vienna in early December and calls for restrictions on the export of "mass market" encryption software using keys greater than 64 bits, according to numerous sources who participated in the meeting.
		However, several European sources that attended the Wassenaar meeting were at pains to stress that their governments had not merely given in to U.S. demands for tighter controls.
		The Wassenaar arrangement actually represents a loosening of export controls, a European diplomatic source, who declined to be identified, told IDG last week, because it also lifts controls on mass market software under 64 bits.
	www.networkworld.com /news/1215crypto.html (994 words)

	Wassenaar Arrangement: Press Statement, December 12, 2002
		Participating States again confirmed that the Wassenaar Arrangement is open, on a global and non-discriminatory basis, to prospective adherents that comply with established criteria for participation, and agreed to develop further contacts with the UN and other relevant international organisations and other non-proliferation regimes to avoid duplication of work and to facilitate complementarity.
		(1) The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies was established in July 1996 by 33 Participating States on the basis of the Initial Elements.
		The Participating States of the Wassenaar Arrangement are: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom and the United States.
	www.dod.mil /acq/acic/treaties/wass/press_02.htm (892 words)

	The Wassenaar Arrangement
		The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies is an international agreement designed to contribute to international security and stability, by promoting "transparency and greater responsibility" in international trade of certain products and technologies.
		The Arrangement is concerned with trade in weapons and also technologies or goods which could be used to produce weapons or for military purposes.
		The Wassenaar Arrangement developed in the early 1990s out of COCOM (the Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls).
	www.cescomm.co.nz /about/wassenaar.html (239 words)

	The Wassenaar Agreement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)
		Our first information about the new Wassenaar agreement came in the form of a newspaper article, which said that export of encryption software would be prohibited--and this seemed to include free software.
		Subsequently the actual text of the new version of Wassenaar was published.
		Here is our interpretation of the text of the latest Wassenaar agreement, as we have seen it.
	www.gnu.org /philosophy/wassenaar.html (439 words)

	Little-Known International Agreement May Determine Internet Privacy
		The new EFA Wassenaar campaign aims directly at a roadblock to the free use of cryptography.
		The 1994 Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies (named after the town in the Netherlands where it was signed) is a typical expression of George Bush’s “New World Order.” It replaced a Cold-War arms-control regime called COCOM, expanding the members to include states from the former Soviet Union.
		These controls go far beyond the Wassenaar agreement, but the disparity may well be resolved in the next round of talks—with Wassenaar unfortunately being the one to change.
	www.praxagora.com /andyo/ar/crypto_wassenaar.html (1105 words)

	Statement to Wassenaar Secretariat, 14 September 1998
		The aim of the Wassenaar Arrangement is to prevent the build up of military capabilities that threaten regional and international security and stability.
		The Wassenaar Arrangement controls the export of cryptography as a dual-use good, i.e., one that has both military and civilian applications.
		Far from threatening regional stability and international security, a free and competitive market will quickly provide the cryptographic products which are needed to protect the information based economies of the developed nations and safeguard their citizens in the face of 'information terrorism' and the activities of 'cyber-criminals'.
	www.gilc.org /crypto/wassenaar/gilc-statement-998.html (1351 words)

	International Crypto Campaign - Home Page
		The campaign is focusing on lobbying the respective governments from as many as possible of the 33 Wassenaar nations.
		Crypto exports from Australia are regulated in accordance with the Wassenaar Arrangement, as they are in the other 32 nations who are signatory to the Arrangement.
		The Wassenaar Arrangement has had a significant impact on cryptography export controls and there seems little doubt that some of the Nations represented will seek to use the next round to move towards a more repressive cryptography export control regime.
	www.efa.org.au /wassenaar (764 words)

	Strike to protest Wassenaar!
		The strike is meant to raise awareness about the importance of cryptography, about the U.S. government's wrongheaded attempts to curtail its use, and about the strong-arm tactics used by the United States to pressure other countries into limiting their citizens' rights the way it has limited its own.
		Then on 3 December 1998, 33 countries signed the Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies, whose noble purpose is to preserve international peace and stability by reducing the proliferation of offensive strategic weapons.
		The second reason is that this argument applies equally to such things as knives, locks, matches, power tools, the Interstate highway system, rope, and anything else that has a legitimate use but might also be used in a crime.
	www.glasswings.com.au /wassenaar.html (1605 words)

	China
		Representatives of 33 major conventional arms supplier states met in Vienna, Austria on 11-12 July 1996 and established the Wassenaar Arrangement, the successor to the Coordinating Committee on Export Controls (COCOM), the Cold War-era organization designed to prevent the transfer of arms and technology to communist countries.
		China is not a participant in the Wassenaar Arrangement and did not participate in the negotiations on establishing the Arrangement.
		Furthermore, China took a step toward joining Wassenaar in November 1998 when it issued new export controls covering 182 dual-use technologies which are also controlled in Wassenaar dual-use list.
	www.nti.org /db/china/wasnorg.htm (762 words)

	V2ROCKET.COM - Den Haag, Wassenaar, Hoek van Holland
		Their orders were to continue firing at London, but the 485 was on alert for a possible withdrawal to the east.
		It was firm and level, accessible to all launch vehicles, and the tall trees provided natural camouflage for the 46-foot high rockets.
		The rocket troops knew that the underground was watching, because the Spitfires and Typhoons came soon after, to shoot at the Germans after a missile shot.
	www.v2rocket.com /start/deployment/denhaag.html (5981 words)

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