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Topic: Wassermann test

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	August Paul von Wassermann (www.whonamedit.com)
		Wassermann in 1898 became titular professor and in 1901 he was habilitated as Privatdozent in internal medicine at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin.
		Wassermann left the institution in 1913 to become director of the department of experimental therapy at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft for the Advancement of Science in Berlin Berlin-Dahlem.
		Wassermann early understood the importance of the young science of bacteriology, and made the acquaintance of Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915) of whom he became a pupil and colleague.
	www.whonamedit.com /doctor.cfm/2511.html (1640 words)

	Wassermann test - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Syphilis-specific antibodies (reagines) react with the lipid - the Wassermann reaction of antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs).
		The antibody test was developed by Wassermann and Albert Neisser at the Robert Koch Institute for Infectious Diseases in 1906.
		The test was a growth from the work of Bordet and Gengou on complementing-fixation reaction, published in 1901, and the positive reaction is sometimes called the Bordet-Gengou-Wassermann reaction or Bordet-Wassermann reaction.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wassermann_test (258 words)

	Blood test - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Blood tests are laboratory tests done on blood to gain an appreciation of disease states and the function of organs.
		While the regular glucose test is taken at a certain point in time, the glucose tolerance test involves repeated testing to determine the rate at which glucose is processed by the body.
		DNA testing is today possible with even very small quantities of blood: this is commonly used in forensic science, but is now also part of the diagnostic process of many disorders.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Blood_test (399 words)

	August von Wassermann Summary
		Wassermann was born in Bamberg, Germany, on February 21, 1866, to Dora (Bauer) and Angelo Wassermann, a banker.
		Wassermann was named the director of the department of experimental therapy at the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institute in Berlin in 1913.
		The "Wassermann reaction" is a specific and sensitive test for infection by the microbe that causes syphilis.
	www.bookrags.com /August_von_Wassermann (964 words)

	Syphilis Test \| World of Invention
		Wassermann was influenced by the work of German researcher Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915), who established basic theories of blood immunity.
		Wassermann's test consisted of taking a blood sample from the patient, and testing it for the antibody to the syphilis bacterium.
		The Wassermann test was useful in diagnosing syphilis in 95% of cases.
	www.bookrags.com /research/syphilis-test-woi (485 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Wassermann,
		In Berlin he was director of the department of experimental therapy and serum research (1906-13) at Koch Institute and director of experimental therapy (from 1913) at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute.
		With Albert Neisser (1855–1916) he developed a test for the antibody to the spirochete that causes syphilis in 1906.
		Wassermann says, it is possible to act on our beliefs within the constraints that bind us.(Charles Dickens elementary school)
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Wassermann, (695 words)

	Online Dictionary for French English, Spanish English, Italian English, and more. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A blood test used to identify unknown antigens; blood with the unknown antigen is mixed with a known antibody and resulting agglutination helps to identify the antigen; used in tissue matching and diagnosis of infections.
		A tuberculin test in which a disk with several times bearing tuberculin antigen is used to puncture the skin; development of a hard red area indicates past or present exposure to tubercle bacilli and the need for further testing.
		A blood test in which a sample of serum is exposed to a particular antigen and complement in order to determine whether or not antibodies to that particular antigen are present; used as a diagnostic test.
	www.ultralingua.net /?service=ee&text=test (800 words)

	Wassermann, August von. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In Berlin he was director of the department of experimental therapy and serum research (1906–13) at Koch Institute and director of experimental therapy (from 1913) at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute.
		In addition to developing inoculations against cholera, typhoid, and tetanus, he devised the Wassermann test (1906), used in the diagnosis of syphilis.
		A positive reaction when the blood or spinal fluid of the patient is tested indicates the presence of antibodies formed as a result of infection with syphilis (even though symptoms of the disease may not be observable at the time).
	www.bartleby.com /65/wa/WasserA.html (161 words)

	August von Wassermann (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		August Paul von Wassermann (21 February 1866 - 16 March 1925) was the German bacteriologist.
		He developed a complement fixation test for the diagnosis of syphilis in 1906, just one year after the causative organism had been identified.
		The Wassermann test remains a staple of syphilis detection and prevention in some areas, although it has often been replaced by more modern alternatives.
	pedia.newsfilter.co.uk /wikipedia/a/au/august_von_wassermann.html (113 words)

	TIME Magazine Archive Article -- A New " Wasserman Test " -- Mar. 31, 1923 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		August von Wassermann, distinguished German serologist, who developed the so-called"; Wassermann test "for syphilis, announced another achievement in preventive medicine— a method of determining the presence in the body of latent tuberculosis before it becomes active in the lungs.
		Wassermann's method—he refuses to call it a discovery—is the result of long research based on the groundwork of American and French investigators, during which he tried out more than 500 different serums.
		While he does not claim that his test will make possible 100% accuracy in diagnosis and complete cure of the disease, Dr. Wassermann believes that it will enable the forces which are already fighting tuberculosis with well-understood methods to get a stranglehold on it in its earliest stages and greatly reduce the present death rate.
	time-proxy.yaga.com /time/archive/printout/0,23657,846195,00.html (329 words)

	Syphilis: Chapter VI
		A negative test, however, by no means excludes a syphilitic infection, as is frequently shown in the case of typical gummas of the skin.
		The test, let me add, is frequently alternately positive and negative in the same individual; is, also, often negative when the blood test is employed and positive when a spinal test is made, or vice versa.
		They know their tests are inaccurate and they can't tell when they are right or wrong (if they could they would not need the tests), but they know to the smallest fraction of one percent, just how often their tests are wrong.
	www.soilandhealth.org /02/0201hyglibcat/020134syphilis/020134syphilis-ch6.htm (5092 words)

	V.83 No.1 Pages 28-40/September 2001: Wassermann
		The test began with a list of vocabulary words that the children were to define by fling-in the space for the correct choice from among four options.
		Tests are notoriously unreliable; they measure only a small aspect of student learning; what is being measured is not what is significant.
		The tests put the emphasis in education not on what is important but on what is diminishing for students' learning and their overall growth.
	www.pdkintl.org /kappan/k0109was.htm (7417 words)

	Wassermann's reaction (www.whonamedit.com)
		Several negative Wassermann reactions a few years after treatment indicate the absence of syphilis.
		Wassermann described his test one year after Fritz Richard Schaudinn (1871-1906) and Paul Erich Hoffmann's (1868-1959) discovered the causative organism of syphilis.
		Many modifications have since been made of this test, such as the Kahn, Kolmer, etc, but the general principled applied by Wassermann continue to guide the procedures.
	www.whonamedit.com /synd.cfm/2962.html (299 words)

	Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine: Antiphospholipid antibodies
		Antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs) were first described by Wassermann et al in 1906.1 The Wassermann test was a complement fixation procedure using saline extracts from the liver of fetuses with congenital syphilis.
		Following the introduction of the Wassermann test, a variety of procedures using antigens derived from alcoholic extracts of normal tissue were described.
		False-positive tests using the VDRL were classified as either acute or chronic biologic false positives (BFPs).3 The chronic BFP was defined as a positive nontreponemal-- based screening test that persisted for 6 months or longer.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3725/is_200211/ai_n9155592 (1150 words)

	Wassermann test definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta
		Wassermann test definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta
		Was·ser·mann test (plural Was·ser·mann tests) or Was·ser·mann re·ac·tion (plural Was·ser·mann re·ac·tions)
		test for syphilis: a test for syphilis infection, based on determining the presence in a blood sample of antibodies to the syphilis bacterium
	encarta.msn.com /dictionary_1861710658/Wassermann_test.html (89 words)

	AllRefer.com - August von Wassermann (Medicine, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		In Berlin he was director of the department of experimental therapy and serum research (1906–13) at Koch Institute and director of experimental therapy (from 1913) at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute.
		In addition to developing inoculations against cholera, typhoid, and tetanus, he devised the Wassermann test (1906), used in the diagnosis of syphilis.
		A positive reaction when the blood or spinal fluid of the patient is tested indicates the presence of antibodies formed as a result of infection with syphilis (even though symptoms of the disease may not be observable at the time).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/W/WasserA.html (222 words)

	The Warde Report: Anticardiolipin Antibodies (ACA): Antigenic Targets and Pathophysiology
		The Wassermann test was the first serologic test for identification of syphilis.
		Following Wassermann's seminal paper, serologic tests for syphilis (STS) were used in screening the population as part of public health efforts to control syphilis.
		Incorporation of tests for antibodies to ß2 GPI is important in identifying patients with APS and also correctly categorizing which patients are at greatest risk of thromboembolic events.
	www.wardelab.com /arc_6.html (2668 words)

	February 21 - Today in German History
		Birth of August von Wassermann in Bamberg, Germany.
		Wassermann was the bacteriologist who discovered the blood-serum test for syphilis, the Wassermann test.
		He was assassinated in 1919 by a right wing student.
	www.germanculture.com.ua /february/feb21.htm (193 words)

	[P&S Medical Review:Apr:95] H. Houston Merritt and Neurosyphilis, Then and Now
		Merritt relied heavily on the CSF Wassermann test, which was regarded as highly specific because false positive reactions were restricted to people with leprosy, frambesia and trypanosomiasis, none of which were commonly encountered in Boston.
		This rabbit infectivity test (RIT) was available then but it was mentione d only in passing in his monograph, probably because it was cumbersome, time-consuming and expensive, factors that precluded its general application to populations.
		The blood Wassermann was neg ative in 26 of the 80 patients (36%) and was not recorded in six others.
	cpmcnet.columbia.edu /news/review/archives/medrev_v2n2_0006.html (5976 words)

	Syphilis: Chapter XIV
		For the sake of those who may still have faith in the Wassermann test, let me say that in a few of these cases this test was made (in one case 9 tests in two years), subsequent to the disappearance of symptoms, and the tests proved negative in each case.
		Nine negative tests in two years, without a single positive test should satisfy the most ardent supporter of the test and the prevailing views of the disease.
		He said: "I have had three Wassermann tests made and they are all negative, but I am treating him for syphilis, anyway." He had been taught, in medical school, that this disease is due to "syphilis" and he had blindly accepted the words of his professors and text-book writers.
	www.soilandhealth.org /02/0201hyglibcat/020134syphilis/020134syphilis-ch14.htm (5407 words)

	August von Wassermann -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		German bacteriologist whose discovery of a universal blood-serum test for syphilis helped extend the basic tenets of immunology to diagnosis.
		“The Wassermann reaction,” in combination with other diagnostic procedures, is still employed as a reliable indicator for the disease.
		The German novelist Jakob Wassermann is frequently compared to Fedor Dostoevski in both his moral fervor and his tendency toward sensationalism.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9076201?tocId=9076201 (632 words)

	Encyclopedia: Wassermann test (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Schematic of antibody binding to an antigen An antibody is a protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.
		Red blood cell infected with Malaria (Italian: bad air; formerly called ague or marsh fever in English) is an infectious disease which in humans causes about 350-500 million infections and over 1 million deaths annually, mainly in the tropics and sub-Saharan Africa.
		Replacement tests (VDRL test, RPR test), intially based on flocculation techniques (Hilton), having been shown to produce far fewer false positive results.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Wassermann-test (558 words)

	German Law Cases : Institute of Global Law
		On that occasion, the only test administered to him was a Wassermann reaction test, which proved negative: there was no visual inspection or any other kind of examination.
		Only in the middle of January 1948 did a different doctor cause blood tests to be made on A. In both cases the Wassermann test proved to be extremely positive, a fact which A communicated to Dr J on 14 February.
		The Court of Appeal also held that in failing to follow the prescribed tests and other safety measures, Dr J was at fault and that this fault was a cause of the plaintiff’s being infected with syphilis.
	www.ucl.ac.uk /laws/global_law/german-cases/cases_bundes.shtml?27feb1952 (1113 words)

	Better Than the Wassermann? \| TIME
		If the tested patient has recently been vaccinated, the Wassermann may be "positive" — the standard indication of syphilis.
		In the new test, spirochetes from syphilitic rabbits are mixed with human blood.
		He also tested 19 cases of diseases other than syphilis which had shown positive Wassermanns; all were negative by the Nelson test.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,856164,00.html (501 words)

	Black Inventors1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hinton researched and developed a test for syphilis known as the Hinton Test said to be superior in many respects to the Wassermann test.
		The new test became known as the Davies-Hinton Test and included checking of the spinal fluid for syphilis.
		In 1936, he wrote a treatise on his studies, and was given recognition as one of the worlds leading authorities on the diagnosis and treatment of syphilis.
	home1.gte.net /~vze3wm4u/page32.html (348 words)

	Wassermann
		Synonyms: Agust von Wassermann (n), Wasserman reaction (n), Wassermann test (n).
		English words defined with "Wassermann": Agust von Wassermann ♦ Wassermann test.
		Non-English Usage: "Wassermann" is also a word in the following language with English translations in parentheses.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /Wa/Wassermann.html (407 words)

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