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	Waterfall Model
		The waterfall model is a sequential software development model in which development is seen as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through several phases.
		Despite Royce's intentions for the waterfall model to be modified into an iterative model, use of the "waterfall model" as a purely sequential process is still popular, and, for some, the phrase "waterfall model" has since come to refer to any approach to software creation which is seen as inflexible and non-iterative.
		The waterfall model however is argued by many to be a bad idea in practice, mainly because of their belief that it is impossible to get one phase of a software product's lifecycle "perfected" before moving on to the next phases and learning from them.
	www.selectbs.com /glossary/what-is-the-waterfall-model.htm (637 words)

	What is waterfall model? - a definition from Whatis.com
		The waterfall model is a popular version of the systems development life cycle model for software engineering.
		Often considered the classic approach to the systems development life cycle, the waterfall model describes a development method that is linear and sequential.
		The disadvantage of waterfall development is that it does not allow for much reflection or revision.
	searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid92_gci519580,00.html (464 words)

	Glossary
		The classic software life cycle is often represented as a simple prescriptive waterfall software phase model, where software evolution proceeds through an orderly sequence of transitions from one phase to the next in order /Royce, 1970/.
		However, these models have been perhaps most useful in helping to structure, staff, and manage large software development projects in complex organizational settings, which was one of the primary purposes /Royce, 1970/.
		In most of the publications, the waterfall model is claimed to be inefficient because of the lack of feedback loops.
	www.informatik.uni-bremen.de /uniform/vm97/def/def_w/WATERFALL.htm (634 words)

	Waterfall model - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The waterfall model is a sequential software development model (a process for the creation of software) in which development is seen as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through the phases of requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing (validation), integration, and maintenance.
		The waterfall model is widely used, including by such large software development houses as those employed by the US Department of Defense and NASA (see "the waterfall model") and upon many large government projects (see "the standard waterfall model" on the Internet Archive).
		The idea behind the waterfall model may be "measure twice; cut once", and those opposed to the waterfall model argue that this idea tends to fall apart when the problem being measured is constantly changing due to requirement modifications and new realizations about the problem itself.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Waterfall_model (2571 words)

	Cheryl Steinmann
		The waterfall model is an important model, which is the basis of many other models, however for many modern projects it has become a little outdated.
		The waterfall model, as stated in the introduction, is an engineering model designed to be applied to the development of software.
		The Waterfall model itself can be used for single projects that are cost or time restricted because of the easy way to manage it and cost and time restrictions are often an important issue.
	www.stormpages.com /xscapes/waterfall.htm (1799 words)

	Understanding the pros and cons of the Waterfall Model of software development » myownshit.dk
		Waterfall development is a software development model involving a phased progression of activities, marked by feedback loops, leading to the release of a software product.
		In this situation, the waterfall model, with its emphasis on up-front requirements capture and design, is seen as somewhat unrealistic and unsuitable for the vagaries of the real world.
		Some criticisms also center on the fact that the waterfall model implies a clear division of labor between, say, “designers”;, “programmers” and “testers”; in reality, such a division of labor in most software firms is neither realistic nor efficient.
	www.myownshit.dk /2006/10/03/understanding-the-pros-and-cons-of-the-waterfall-model-of-software-development (1369 words)

	Waterfall Model \| World of Computer Science
		The standard life-cycle model of software is called a "waterfall model," because it is supposed to go down through a series of steps, reminding one of the route a natural waterfall takes over a series of rocks at different levels.
		In the traditional waterfall model, the first step in the software life-cycle is requirements analysis--this is the stage where the customers are queried for their needs, and a formal description of the software requirements is created.
		The waterfall model is conceptually simple to understand and is useful to explain the basics of software development, but even with the added detail, it is highly limited in its application as a practical method for managing such development.
	www.bookrags.com /research/waterfall-model-wcs (975 words)

	Waterfall model Summary
		The waterfall model is a software development model (a process for the creation of software) in which development is seen as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through the phases of requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing (validation), integration, and maintenance.
		The waterfall model is widely used, including by such large software development houses as those employed by the US airforce (see "the waterfall model"), the US Department of Defense and NASA, and upon many large government projects (see "the standard waterfall model").
		The idea behind the waterfall model may be "measure twice; cut once", and those opposed to the waterfall model argue that this idea tends to fall apart when the problem being measured is constantly changing due to requirement modifications and new realizations about the problem itself.
	www.bookrags.com /Waterfall_model (3740 words)

	What Model Shall We Use.
		Waterfall: This model involves processes that follow a strict sequence, and one task must be fully completed before the next.
		However, the V model - like the waterfall model - has problems with change and risk.
		Recommendataions: Based upon these decisions it would be optimal to use the Spiral model for software design, and applying the traditional waterfall model for the actual implementation and testing.
	sern.ucalgary.ca /courses/seng/613/F97/grp4/modelsel.html (680 words)

	Waterfall Model
		The Waterfall Model is illustrated in figure 1.
		One refinement of the Waterfall Model is incremental development, illustrated at figure 3.
		A comparison of the staffing curve for a strict Waterfall project with that of an incremental Waterfall project is found at figure 4.
	phillips.rmc.ca /courses/493-1998/lectures/waterfall/waterfall.html (927 words)

	Waterfall Development Model::GAR Technologies, Inc. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The problem with waterfall models is when using this model each phase relies on the preceeding phase that needs to be completed begore moving on.
		Also the nature of this model makes it more difficult to change or modify passed tasks or modules once they are completed.
		A waterfall model with feedback can be very effective choice to design a system that is clearly described.
	www.gartechnologies.com /waterfalldevelopment_model.asp (223 words)

	Waterfall Model (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The waterfall model has become a little outdated but it is still widely used.
		The reason is that the waterfall model does not allow backtracking which causes the complexity of the program increase from phrase to phrase.
		The waterfall model is also known as "linear sequential model" or "classic life cycle." It is the oldest life cycle model.
	members.tripod.com /~myyee/cs457/waterfall.htm (564 words)

	New Software Model
		A critical point regarding the waterfall model is that no phase is complete until the documentation for that phase has been completed and the products of that phase have been approved by the SQA group.
		The waterfall model has many advantages, including the enforced disciplined approach, the stipulation and documentation be provided at each phase, and the requirement that the products of each phase are carefully checked by SQA group.
		In a sense, the incremental model is a contradiction in terms, requiring the developer to view the product as a whole in order to begin with a design that will support the entire product, including future enhancements, but simultaneously, to view that product as a sequence of builds each essentially independent of the next.
	software.isixsigma.com /forum/showmessage.asp?messageID=539 (2993 words)

	Educational flaws: Programming with the Waterfall Model (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Royce originally described what is now known as the waterfall model as an example of a method that he argued “is risky and invites failure”.
		At GM, their basic model (developed at great cost and over much time) is waterfall, but disguised so as to look like they’re allowing their vendors (GM doesn’t develop their own software, or even run their own systems) to do whatever they want.
		Other acceptable models in the industry are the Spiral model and the V model, but to my knowledge they haven’t gained widespread use.
	compsci.ca /blog/educational-flaws-programming-with-the-waterfall-model (1330 words)

	SENG 611
		This model is similar to the waterfall model, except it emphasis the importance of developing a testing plan at each phase of the life cycle.
		The waterfall model should be used where the requirements are well known and there are no risks of requirements changing.
		Prototype model is an iterative approach where users have more involvement in the development process, and feedback on all iteration of the prototype is expected.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~samulee/seng611/slc.html (812 words)

	Psyc+Tech » Blog Archive » Don’t draw diagrams of wrong practices - or: Why people still believe in ...
		The Waterfall model is originally invented by Winston W. Royce in 1970.
		But the problem with the waterfall is that budgeting and scheduling is done with the most optimistic estimate possible (we’ll be successful on the first try), while in reality you do need to fix your high level designs, make minor changes in requirements, and will run into a few nasty surprises during development.
		On the one hand you complain about the inadequacy of scientific citations about the waterfall model (”researchers just cite something, because everyone else does so as well”), which is probably true but on the other hand you fail to acknowledge that Royce himself has written his paper on a scientific basis.
	tarmo.fi /blog/2005/09/09/dont-draw-diagrams-of-wrong-practices-or-why-people-still-believe-in-the-waterfall-model (4543 words)

	What is waterfall model? - a definition from Whatis.com
		The waterfall model is a popular version of the systems development life cycle model for software engineering.
		Often considered the classic approach to the systems development life cycle, the waterfall model describes a development method that is linear and sequential.
		The disadvantage of waterfall development is that it does not allow for much reflection or revision.
	searchvb.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid8_gci519580,00.html (330 words)

	[No title]
		Waterfall model Waterfall model is the oldest and most widely used paradigm This is documentation driven methodology.
		The model is best suited when: A set of high quality, stable user requirements exist and The user require the complete system all at once and Previous experience of building similar systems exist and The duration of the project is two years or less.
		A major strength of this model is that the development process is essential linear with little or no feedback loops comparing to waterfall model.
	home.apu.edu /~ckettemborough/CS524/StudentWork/Research/SDLCModels.doc (920 words)

	Software Process Models
		The spiral model would have been a solution too, however there are these nasty risk analysis phases which we did not want to do and which made not much sense in our situation.
		The waterfall model is believed to have been the first process model which was introduced and widely followed in software engineering.
		Generally speaking the spiral model is not much esteemed and not much used, although it has many advantaged and could have even more if the risk assessment phases would be tailored down to the necessary amount.
	www.the-software-experts.de /e_dta-sw-process.htm (2621 words)

	Iterative-and-Incremental-Development at Programmers Heaven
		For those of us who are hearing the term Waterfall model for the first time, here is a brief description about the model and then we will look into its pros and cons.
		This model will suite for small projects whereas in case of larger projects (the term large is subjective here) the systems should be fully be analyzed and understood before progress is made towards design phase.
		Spiral model is an alternate to the waterfall model; it was originated by Mr.
	www.codepedia.com /2/Iterative-and-Incremental-Development (1264 words)

	Waterfall Model
		Waterfalls work for simple projects (prototypes for example), and in some cases it's just the simplest thing that could possibly work, even with minor misapplication (you know, WorseIsBetter and all that).
		In a waterfall approach, when doing functions A, B, C, and D, design for A is held hostage to developing the requirements for B, C, and D. In a truly iterative approach, A can proceed independently of B, C, and D. This is also changes how scheduling is done.
		The waterfalls I've seen drawn as Gantt charts have big overlap among the phases, which is a very imprecise way of saying that you don't hold the design of A hostage to the requirements of B, C and D. This is a hard subject.
	c2.com /cgi/wiki?WaterfallModel (3748 words)

	Waterfall Model
		Waterfalls work for simple projects (prototypes for example), and in some cases it's just the simplest thing that could possibly work, even with minor misapplication (you know, WorseIsBetter and all that).
		In a waterfall approach, when doing functions A, B, C, and D, design for A is held hostage to developing the requirements for B, C, and D. In a truly iterative approach, A can proceed independently of B, C, and D. This is also changes how scheduling is done.
		The waterfalls I've seen drawn as Gantt charts have big overlap among the phases, which is a very imprecise way of saying that you don't hold the design of A hostage to the requirements of B, C and D. This is a hard subject.
	www.c2.com /cgi/wiki?WaterfallModel (3748 words)

	Waterfall Methodology: There's no such thing! (Site not responding. Last check: )
		He didn't explain what the waterfall methodology is or how it got its name, but the audience of about 80 didn't complain.
		In fact, "waterfall" is a straw-man term, coined and used by those trying to promote some new methodology by contrasting it with a silly alleged traditional approach that no competent methodology expert ever favored.
		Presumably the waterfall metaphor was suggested by the inability of water to flow uphill.
	www.idinews.com /waterfall.html (783 words)

	Software Life Cycle Models
		The "waterfall model" was probably the first published model and as a specific model for military it was not as naive as some proponents of other models suggest.
		Prototyping model was probably the first realistic of early models because many aspects of the syst4m are unclear until a working prototype is developed.
		The V-Shaped model is the same as the Waterfall model except that testing is a consideration throughout the development.
	www.softpanorama.org /SE/software_life_cycle_models.shtml (5128 words)

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