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Topic: Waterlogging

In the News (Wed 3 Dec 08)

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	Mycorrhizal Citations
		The responses of clones of a range of willow species to waterlogging and total submersion were compared in glasshouse experiments using specially constructed perspex tanks.
		New roots produced by waterlogged S. caprea clones were long, sparsely branched and floated on or near the surface of the water.
		Considerable intraspecific variability in responses to waterlogging and submersion have been shown in these experiments by clones not selected for their variation in flooding tolerance.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/1992/92_good1.htm (593 words)

	DESERTIFICATION OF ARID LANDS
		Waterlogging and salinization are problems centuries old in the lower plain of the Yellow River in China, but are of relatively recent origin in the Indus Basin of Pakistan and India.
		Waterlogging in the Murray River and its tributaries is characterized by groundwater mounds affecting tens of thousands of hectares of irrigated land (Pels, 1978).
		Waterlogging is more of a problem in the northern states of the United States, whereas the combination of waterlogging and salinization is more serious in the south.
	www.ciesin.org /docs/002-193/002-193.html (8340 words)

	Mathematics for Mapping and Monitoring - Mapping Waterlogging (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Waterlogging is a soil condition that affects the growth of crop and pastures in the high-rainfall zones (greater than 400mm) of Western Australia's agricultural region.
		Waterlogging can be addressed with drainage and agronomic management solutions, but knowledge of the extent, location and variability is required.
		Waterlogging is known to affect crops in all of these areas, particularly in wet years.
	www.cmis.csiro.au /rsm/casestudies/flyers/water (359 words)

	Effects of waterlogging (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Stevens, R.M., and Harvey, G. Effects of waterlogging, rootstock and salinity on Na, Cl and K concentrations of the leaf and root, and shoot growth of Sultana grapevines.
		Raising the irrigation salinity from 1 to 60 mM caused growth to decline by 47% in vines with free-draining rootzones and by 61% in vines with waterlogged rootzones.
		Waterlogging decreased the root chloride concentration in all rootstocks.
	www.sardi.sa.gov.au /pages/horticulture/viti/sultana_grapevines.htm (204 words)

	Goldsmith: Salting the earth: the problem of salinisation.
		The devastation caused by waterlogging and salinisation is hard to quantify - not least because there are considerable differences of opinion as to when land should be classified as 'saline'.
		Waterlogging alone is estimated to have reduced agricultural productivity by at least 30 percent, although it is claimed (perhaps optimistically) that drainage will restore productivity.
		Paradoxically, the very means of reducing salinisation and waterlogging at a local level only serve to exacerbate the problem for those living downstream of the irrigation schemes.
	www.edwardgoldsmith.com /page158.html (10315 words)

	agricultur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The main impacts of irrigated agriculture in the Southwest are due to the building of dams and the diversion of water, the waterlogging of soils, the overdraft of groundwater resources, and the salinization of soil and water.
		Waterlogging is generally defined as occurring in areas where the water table lies less than 2m from the ground surface.
		When waterlogging reaches the root zone of plants, yields are drastically decreased because the roots need air to survive and they cannot survive in anaerobic conditioned (Wolman 1987).
	www.earlham.edu /%7Ebiol/desert/irrigation.htm (2266 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Waterlogging of rice fields increases P availability, but the phenomenon is not enough to replenish P to rice roots in extremely P deficient soils.
		For waterlogging treatment, 10 ml distilled water (previously boiled for 2 h and then cooled) was taken in test tubes and 5 g soil was added to them.
		The effect of waterlogging was larger in soil 2 and 3 than the soil 1 and 4.
	www.alterra-research.nl /pls/portal30/docs/folder/ipw4/Saleque.doc (703 words)

	Untitled Normal Page
		Waterlogging is the rise of the water table into the root zone of the soil profile, such that plant growth is adversely affected by deficiency of oxygen.
		The critical depth depends on the kind of crop, but waterlogging is commonly defined as light for a soil profile depth of 3 m for substantial parts of the year, and moderate for less than 1.5 m.
		Waterlogging as a form of land degradation should be distinguished from naturally occurring poorly drained areas, and also from the different problem of flooding, which is noted below.
	www.fao.org /docrep/V4360E/V4360E06.htm (1898 words)

	.: Farm Forest Line - Waterlogging and Salinity :.
		/ Landcare and Rehabilitation / Waterlogging and Salinity
		Increasing waterlogging and salinity are just the symptoms resulting from a hydrological imbalance that may be occurring at a catchment scale or in a localised area.
		In Australian farming areas this imbalance is largely caused by the clearing of perennial trees and shrubs and their replacement with annual crops or pastures unable to utilise and absorb as much rainfall as trees.
	www.farmforestline.com.au /pages/2.4.2_waterlogging.html (318 words)

	Genetic Diversity of Barley and Wheat for Waterlogging Tolerance in Western Australia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		For barley, waterlogging is estimated to reduce yields by 20-25% overall with a range of 0-53% for waterlogging at different stages of development; no information is available on the effects of waterlogging on grain quality (Belford,1995).
		Waterlogging events in the field in Western Australia are generally intermittent not continuous, under low irradiance, they vary greatly in duration and intensity, and they are often associated with sandy duplex soils with low mineral nutrition.
		A difference in waterlogging duration and intensity may explain the variation in results that have come from trials with international wheat cultivars from CIMMYT grown in WA (Condon, 1999); where cultivars overseas are selected after several weeks of continuous waterlogging at high irradiance and high nutrition (van Ginkel et al 1992).
	www.regional.org.au /au/abts/1999/setter.htm (2606 words)

	Induced Waterlogging (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		It is often associated with compaction of subsoil layers where water quickly enters the topsoil but then encounters an impermeable clay layer which may occur naturally at the junction of two soil horizons or may be induced through excessive use of agricultural machinery.
		Waterlogging is most prevalent on flat floodplain areas or gently sloping landforms with high rainfall and red duplex or heavy clay soils.
		Similarly in the A horizon of a soil where there is the greatest proliferation of plant roots, periodic waterlogging may cause the root channels to be coated with iron.
	www.netc.net.au /enviro/fguide/indwlogging.html (450 words)

	The Daily Star Web Edition Vol. 5 Num 150 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		More than one million people are battling chaos from weeks of waterlogging in much of Demra and Narayanganj, as canals inside the DND dam are blocked.
		Waterlogging inside the Dhaka-Narayanganj-Demra dam shut schools in the area that reeks of polluted water mixed with household and industrial waste.
		At least four permanent pump houses and five regulator sluice gates are needed in the area to cut waterlogging, Akhter Hossain said, adding only one pump house in Shimrail in Narayanganj is now in operation to pump the DND water into the Shitalakkhya.
	www.thedailystar.net /2004/10/22/d4102201077.htm (667 words)

	Land degradation due to hydro-salinity in semi-arid regions Using gis and remote sensing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The extent of waterlogged soils was also estimated through GIS analysis from more than 150 peizometers locations lying within the study area.
		It was found that 24.5%, 22.0% and 63.4% of the mapped area was under risk of waterlogging (_ 200cm) during 1990, 1993, and 1996 respectively.
		Land degradation due to waterlogging and subsequent salinization has been so enlarged that it is now being regarded as a global environmental problem, desertification.
	www.gisdevelopment.net /aars/acrs/2000/ts1/agri002.shtml (853 words)

	Australian Society of Viticulture and Oenology
		Either none, half or the whole root system was waterlogged for the first 3 or 7 days of a 14 day irrigation cycle.
		Waterlogging caused the shoot:root ratio to fall from 2.8 in a
		Waterlogging of roots in pot b increased the mass of roots in the drained pot a.
	www.asvo.com.au /ajgwr/archives/index.asp?action=view&id=76 (327 words)

	School Education - Salinity & Waterlogging - AFFA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The project will increase the awareness and knowledge of the problems of salinity and waterlogging in dryland and irrigated areas among primary and secondary students, and will increase their skills in recognising the problem and its causes.
		The purpose of this project is to assist education in primary and secondary schools on the problems of salinity and waterlogging in dryland and irrigated areas.
		The objectives of the project are to increase the awareness and knowledge of the problems of salinity and waterlogging among students and increase their skills in recognising the problem and its causes.
	www.affa.gov.au /docs/nrm/landcare/pub/guide/database/db931478.html (309 words)

	Cotton CRC - Waterlogging of cotton
		Under waterlogging, the lack of oxygen impairs water and nutrient uptake, both of which will have a direct effect on growth and yield.
		The ideal strategy for fields with a known waterlogging problem is to apply this rate (eg as 20 litres of 'easy N'/ha) prior to each of the first three irrigations.
		During the first 3-4 days of waterlogging after irrigation, most of the yield loss is due to less N being absorbed from the soil by the waterlogged roots.
	www.mv.pi.csiro.au /Publicat/Agro/waterlog.htm (913 words)

	WATERLOGGING AND SALINITY
		Waterlogging and salinity in the soil profile are most often the result of high water tables resulting from inadequate drainage or poor quality irrigation water.
		Salinization of the soil profile is prevented because upward capillary movement of water and salts from the water table does not reach the root zone.
		The chemistry and microbiology of waterlogged soils is changed due to the absence of oxygen.
	www.slhfarm.com /salts.html (3791 words)

	Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		However, waterlogging and salinity are common in irrigated agriculture in India and Pakistan, particularly where wheat and rice, the most important cereals, are grown in the same system.
		Waterlogging in some of the major wheat producing areas in NW India is expected to increase 5 fold over the next 30 years, threatening the livelihoods of 1 million farm families and having a significant negative impact on the food grain production of India as a whole.
		Waterlogging, with its associated oxygen deficiency in the root zone, inhibits oxidative phosphorylation which in turn restricts the energy available for the ion pumps involved in excluding salts from the roots.
	www.cazs.bangor.ac.uk /salinity/project.htm (4463 words)

	ACIAR - Project: CIM/1996/025
		It is difficult to grow wheat in waterlogged soils, and the physical works needed to alleviate waterlogging are often too costly for resource-poor farmers to undertake.
		The aim of this project is to produce waterlogging tolerant breeding lines of wheat for Australian and Indian target environments by identifying and evaluating the genetic basis of physiological traits conferring waterlogging tolerance in wheat, so that traits can be combined in improved breeding lines.
		During 2002, controlled waterlogging facilities were constructed at Katanning, Western Australia, and these were particularly successful in identifying up to 5-fold differences in waterlogging tolerance based on shoot dry weights of plants after 6 weeks waterlogging.
	www.aciar.gov.au /web.nsf/doc/ACIA-62DLU8 (2586 words)

	Better drainage for banana plantations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Waterlogging can also come about by inundation with flood waters and from sustained heavy rain maintaining the soil in a saturated state.
		Certainly the impact of nematodes would be worse in a poorly drained situation because of the poorer root growth due to waterlogging.
		An orange and fl mottling of the soil is caused by ferric and manganic ions and indicates periodic water saturation.
	www.dpi.qld.gov.au /horticulture/5054.html (1241 words)

	Waterlogging (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Waterlogging occurs when all or part of the soil profile is saturated with water.
		Clearly, low lying ground is more prone to waterlogging than higher ground, and, just as clearly, areas which get little rain or have excessive runoff are not affected.
		The intent of the map is to define those landscapes within which waterlogging is a potential problem, and to provide an indication of the severity of the problem.
	www.dwlbc.sa.gov.au /land/topics/wetness/waterlogging.html (230 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Waterlogging intolerant species outcompeted tolerant species during the early stages of succession, but were supplanted by waterlogging tolerant species after ~75 years.
		While the general pattern from waterlogging was consistent for the data from the different scaled maps, the effect was more exaggerated for projections based on the local and state soil maps which had overall lower levels of aboveground biomass than projections based on the county soil map (Fig.
		Thus, the general waterlogging growth multiplier approach using an annual time increment and an average DT may be less appropriate than a seasonally or monthly changing water table.
	fedwww.gsfc.nasa.gov /publications/waterlog/WATERLOG.html (6723 words)

	Waterlogging (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Stevens, R.M. and Prior, L.D. The effect of transient waterlogging on the growth, leaf gas exchange, and mineral composition of potted Sultana grapevines.
		Potted Sultana vines were waterlogged for the first 0, 1, 3, 5 or 7 days of a two week cycle designated W0, W1, W3, W5, and W7, respectively.
		Waterlogging reduced leaf blade N, P and Ca, increased Na and Mg, and did not affect K, Cl, Mn, Zn and N-NO Printer Friendly Page
	www.sardi.sa.gov.au /pages/horticulture/viti/waterlogging.htm (177 words)

	Royal Horticultural Society - Gardening Advice: Waterlogging
		A root sample will show blue-fl roots; a typical sign of waterlogging, which may be accompanied by a sour rotting smell.
		Waterlogging limits oxygen to roots and prevents carbon dioxide from diffusing away.
		The functioning of the roots is reduced or stopped and they die off, allowing the invasion of decay organisms.
	www.rhs.org.uk /advice/profiles1001/waterlogging.asp (211 words)

	Mycorrhizal Citations
		WATERLOGGING TOLERANCE OF ROOTS OF SITKA SPRUCE CLONES AND OF STRANDS FROM THELEPHORA-TERRESTRIS MYCORRHIZAS.
		Some of the tubes were waterlogged to submerge the lower part of the root and mycelial systems.
		Waterlogging was carried out in October, when roots were growing slowly, or in November, when growth had stopped.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/1991/91_coutts.htm (246 words)

	SeedQuest - Central information website for the global seed industry
		But there are opportunities for compensation in a sense that if your season length is long enough you will be able to keep putting that fruit on it and compensate for it much a kin to any fruit damage or something like that.
		If you have already got one of the consequences of waterlogging is you get de-nitrification from the soil, so if you’re getting a run down of nitrogen and the plant needs more then look at some strategies to give it a bit more.
		I’ve recently seen some cotton while I was in the States that was severely waterlogged earlier on and produced some of the best yields but they had a long season to make up for it.
	www.seedquest.com /News/releases/2004/december/10861.htm (968 words)

	Infochange India News Features The hidden impact of riverlinking: widespread waterlogging and salinity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Interestingly, Singh upholds the Rajasthan Canal Project as an achievement that she uses to argue the case for bringing equity in water access across dry regions through riverlinking.
		What she doesn't realise, though, is that this canal project resulted in 246,000 hectares of arid land in Rajasthan becoming waterlogged and salinised.
		The fact that waterlogging occurs a few years after the canals are laid out (the amount depends on soil type and sub-surface hydrology) is reason enough for project proponents to consider it a `non-issue'.
	www.infochangeindia.org /features124.jsp (906 words)

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