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Topic: Wave soldering

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	Wave soldering
		The relative motion scrubbed the solder across the board and allowed flux volatiles to escape, and solder peel-back from the joint was enhanced by arranging for the board to exit smoothly at a slight angle to the pot surface.
		Solder resist, or ‘solder mask’, is an organic coating applied selectively to the surface of the board to restrict the contact area with the molten solder.
		Because the process of wave soldering involves moving solder around and letting it fall back into a bath of molten solder from a height, the formation of dross is unavoidable unless measures are taken to protect the surface from oxygen in the atmosphere.
	www.ami.ac.uk /courses/topics/0225_wave/index.html (10799 words)

	Wave soldering - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Wave Soldering is a large-scale soldering process by which electronic components are soldered to a printed circuit board (PCB) to form an electronic assembly.
		Wave solder fixtures are required for PCB's where bottom side components cannot be exposed to the solder, or the board is either too small or has a non rectangular shape and cannot be 'picked up' by the titanium fingers.
		When the PCB is moved over this tank, the solder waves contact the bottom of the board, and stick to the solder pads and component leads via surface tension.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wave_soldering (972 words)

	Reducing solder microballs in innert wave soldering
		Wave configuration refers to the use of either a single, laminar flow wave or a turbulent wave in con-junction with the laminar wave.
		The adhesion force is related to the contact area between the solder ball and the mask, and the gravitational force is dependent upon the size of the solder ball.
		As discussed previously, microballs are formed during the exit portion of the wave where the "snapping" action of solder pulling away from metalized surfaces causes spheres of solder to be propelled from the solder pot toward the board.
	www.tkb-4u.com /articles/soldering/reducingballswavesol/reducingballswavesol.php (1327 words)

	Solder
		Throughout the years solder has been used in various applications, however it was the invention of electronic devices in the latter part of this century that led to rapid advances in soldering technologies.
		One of the advantages of wave soldering is that the process is easily automated with the use of a conveyor system to move the boards.
		Since the whole surface-mount component is immersed in the wave, it must be constructed in such a manner to withstand the high temperature of the liquid solder.
	et.nmsu.edu /~etti/spring97/electronics/solder/solder.html (3572 words)

	Shield and method for selective wave soldering - Patent 5704535
		Soldering of the various electronic components to a circuit board is generally accomplished by one or more of the following processes: manual soldering; reflow soldering; batch soldering using a solder pot; or continuous soldering using a wave soldering device.
		The technique disclosed creates a narrow solder wave from a solder pot and selectively applies this wave to a circuit board through a pallet containing a solder mask for the narrow portion of the board which is exposed to the solder pot wave.
		Solder flow openings 56 are defined by edges 57 which diverge away from the upper side 52 to form a larger opening in the lower side 53 of base member 51.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5704535.html (3604 words)

	Radio-Electronics.Com :: Wave Soldering
		The wave soldering process gains its name from the fact that the process passes the boards to be soldered over a wave of solder.
		In view of the way that wave soldering works, where the solder wave is caused by the solder flowing out of the reservoir tank, and the board passes over it, the spacing requirements are dependent upon the direction of the board relative to the solder flow.
		The wave soldering process exposes the electronic printed circuit boards to considerable levels of heat, far greater than those it would be subjected to if it were to be manually soldered.
	www.radio-electronics.com /info/manufacture/soldering/wave_soldering/wave_soldering.php (1012 words)

	Process Parameters Wave soldering
		The time between the moment of first contact (between the parts to be soldered) and the solder, and the moment that the solder in the joints starts solidifying.
		The time between the moment of first contact (between the parts to be soldered) and the solder, and the moment of last contact with the solder.
		Forced cooling after soldering reduces the maximum temperature reached in the areas on the component side of the board.
	www.tkb-4u.com /articles/soldering/procparam/procparam.php (237 words)

	Surface Mount Technology (SMT) - Continuous Improvement Approaches for Wave Soldering
		Wave soldering is a mature technology and remains an efficient mass soldering process, especially for through-hole and Type III SMT assemblies.
		Wave soldering is complex because of process operating variables such as conveyor speed, preheat temperatures, soldering temperature in the wave, board-wave interaction, flux chemistry, machine maintenance, board design, component solderability and operator training.
		As far as wave soldering the PCB using a selective fixture is concerned, the clearance between shielded SMDs and exposed pins is critical to the solder results as well as the durability of the fixture.
	smt.pennnet.com /Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Article_ID=78665&... (2919 words)

	Soldering - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Soldering is distinguished from brazing by virtue of a lower melting-temperature filler metal; it is distinguished from welding by virtue of the base metal not melting during the joining process.
		In a soldering process, heat is applied to the parts to be joined, causing the solder to melt and be drawn into the joint by capillary action and to bond to the materials to be joined by wetting action.
		Soldering can be done in a number of ways, including passing parts over a small fountain in a bulk container of molten solder (wave soldering), heating assemblies by use of an infrared lamp, or by using a point source such as an electric soldering iron, a brazing torch, or a hot-air soldering tool.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soldering (2407 words)

	Kester - Lead Free Solutions
		No-clean fluxes are particularly sensitive to excesses in solder temperature, water washable fluxes depending on the activators used and also due to the higher content of activators may be suitable with lead-free.
		Having optimized preheat temperatures, solder pot temperatures, and flux volume, the conveyor speed may have to be reduced to accommodate the solder wetting when using lead-free solder.
		The mechanism for this phenomenon is caused by differences in solder solidification, which is affected by the lead from either the PCB or component lead plating.
	www.kester.com /en-us/leadfree/lfsfaq_wavesoldering.aspx (1579 words)

	Indium Corporation » Wave Solder Assembly Materials
		Wave soldering is still preferred for many kinds of assembly operations, and often complements reflow assembly.
		The solder is melted in a solder pot and pumped to produce a “wave.” The board is conveyed over the flux, preheat, and solder wave stations to complete the joints.
		Solder temperatures for Pb-free wave soldering is typically 260-275ºC (500-527ºF).
	www.indium.com /products/circuitboardassembly/wavesolder.php (1357 words)

	Waverider For Wave Soldering Process Control
		Sensors embedded in the RIDER monitor one or two solder waves.
		is run through the wave solder process as one would normally run a printed circuit board through the wave solder machine.
		After passing through the wave solder machine, the RIDER is connected to a computer with an interface cable.
	www.ecd.com /emfg/instruments/waverider (525 words)

	Conveyor wave soldering
		The EMS Stallion is a compact, economical simple benchtop wave soldering machine designed for soldering of conventional leaded components The O-Wave option offers the best soldering results for SMT components eliminating skips, icicles, bridges or solder build-up.
		The solder pot is manufactured from high-quality stainless steel with internal heaters, specially made for low-watt consumption.
		Solder Pot - The solder pot is made of 2.5 mm thick stainless steel body with insulation from five sides.
	wenesco.com /stallion.htm (796 words)

	Wave Soldering
		Though lead-free soldering is starting to have a presence in North America, EPM-IBL has been very successful in developing and producing lead-free wavesolder and reflow systems for the last several years throughout Asia and Europe, where the demand for lead-free solder has been more popular.
		Our experience with lead-free solder coupled with the characteristics of our soldering systems give us an advantage with processes that require tight thermal process control, sensitivity to solder paste wetting and maintaining inert atmospheres, all of which are characteristics of lead-free solder.
		The only change required for lead-free solder paste is to change in chemistry from 200c boiling point to 230c boiling point.
	www.leadfreemagazine.com /pages/papers/wave_soldering.htm (309 words)

	Wenesco's Wave Solder Pots
		The assembly is now placed on the wave solder pot fixture and another foot pedal is activated.
		Any Wenesco wave solder pot can be retrofitted to operate with nitrogen gas, as a cover, to eliminate the formation of dross (oxide).
		Flux is typically brushed or sprayed on the pcb, before sliding it across the solder wave.
	wenesco.com /esolderpots.htm (498 words)

	Kester
		The facility is equipped with wave soldering, application control and test equipment as well as a supporting array of laboratory analytical apparatus.
		Wave Soldering Process Control course with 4 hours of additional hands-on training at the Kester Training Center in Des Plaines, Illinois.
		Wave Soldering Process Control course with 4 hours of additional hands-on training for a maximum of 12 people plus travel expenses.
	www.kester.com /en-US/products/ksu_wavesolderingprocesscontrol.aspx (552 words)

	Wave Soldering Machine--EMS Stallion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The EMS Stallion is a compact, economical simple benchtop wave soldering machine designed for soldering of conventional leaded components and surface mounted devices (SMD).
		Solder Pot - The solder pot is made of 2.5 mm thick stainless steel body with Boardex insulation from five sides.Three cartridge heaters are located inside the solder pot which gives better heating efficiency thus saving power.
		EMS Stallion uses AC brushless variable speed motor and speed controller with a potentiometer for speed control and digital display for control of solder pot and preheater temperature ensure stability and repeatability of settings.All electrical assembly is housed in a seperate and accessible compartment at the back of the machine.
	www.emstonline.com /prodWaveSoldring.html (822 words)

	Technology Information Corp - wave solder, soldering optimizer, pick-and-place machines, thermal profiler, mole ...
		It is the only device that directly measures the critical parameters at the heart of the wave solder process: The direct interaction of your board with your wave.
		Wave soldering is more than temperature management and machine settings adjustments.
		The OPTIMIZER makes your wave solder process easier and more efficient, with less hassles and better results, by providing data on all of the parameters that determine the quality of your wave soldering.
	www.wavesoldering.com /wso.htm (688 words)

	Should Pallets Still be Used in Wave Soldering? - Circuits Assembly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Wave soldering with pallets that cover SMD components is a good alternative.
		The oxides that might be present on the liquidus solder just before the pallet arrives will be washed off by the leading edge of the pallet and the wave will be clean when soldering begins.
		When using pallets for Pb-free wave soldering, the support of a turbulent "smart wave" is recommended to facilitate through-hole penetration.
	circuitsassembly.com /cms/content/view/3420/95 (1001 words)

	Electronic Component engineering - reflow and wave soldering (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The solder is melted into a bath, the board passes over the top low enough that the leads/pads of the parts wick up solder.
		In reflow soldering, the solder is applied as a 'solder paste' typically by using a stencil mask and a squeege.
		Typically the first step in the wave solder, the bottom of the board passes through a fluxing operation which either sprays flux on the bottom or passes the bottom of the board through a flux foam.
	www.eng-tips.com /viewthread.cfm?qid=120076&am (797 words)

	WaveSoldering-Leadfree
		Solder reservoir material is compatible with all formulations of lead-free chemistry optimized for wave soldering: High-grade stainless steel construction, chromium nitride surface hardening and/or ceramic coated components.
		Due to higher melting points, lead free alloys operate at elevated temperatures for fluid solder waves.
		Although designed for water washing, after wave, this leaves flux residue at such low level it appears to be no-clean.
	www.sensbey.com /wavesoldering.htm (450 words)

	Can we convert our existing wave soldering machine to use lead free?
		As Product Manager for Selective Soldering at JUKI, his main objective is to continue the "Lowest Cost of Ownership", and superb reputaion for sales and serivice that JUKI has been so well know for with their Pick and Place equipment.
		If the solder machine you have is too old you may be faced with replacing it with a new machine to get the dual pot capiability and the wavesoldering equipment technology needed to successfully process leadfree products.
		It is definitely possible to solder traditional lead containing finishes using lead free alloys in a wave solder bath.
	www.circuitnet.com /experts/EQ10046.shtml (847 words)

	Surface Mount Technology (SMT) - Eliminate Lead-free Wave Soldering
		Wave soldering has proven to be the process of choice for assemblies containing multiple thru-hole connectors, primarily due to superior mechanical strength and low process cost the design provides.
		The benefits associated with wave soldering to attach thru-hole connectors pale when compared to the consequences of switching to a higher-melting-point lead-free solder alloy.
		Because solder preforms are manufactured in specific sizes and shapes, a “0603” preform that delivers the proper solder volume to affect the desired board/connector solder-joint geometry can be produced.
	smt.pennnet.com /Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=Articles&Subsection=Display&ARTICLE_ID=229920 (1205 words)

	Wave Soldering Flux - Kester Products and Solutions
		Kester's Wave Soldering Fluxes meets the demands of critical soldering applications and requirements.
		Kester's entire line of liquid fluxes provide a perfect solution for automated wave soldering that will increase reliability, reduce costs, and remain environmentally safe while meeting critical requirements.
		For more information about Kester automated Wave Soldering Flux, services, distribution or research and development contact Kester global headquarters at (+1) 847.297.1600, by fax at (+1) 847.390.9338 or by e-mail at customerservice@kester.com
	www.kester.com /en-us/Wave_Soldering_Flux.htm (383 words)

	Speedline Technologies - Process/Applications - Wave Soldering
		Wave soldering is a complex process with many variables.
		The board is conveyed through the process of applying flux, preheating and soldering.
		For accuracy and repeatability in wave soldering leadership, count on Electrovert.
	www.speedlinetech.com /process.aspx?ProcessId=20 (162 words)

	Selective Soldering
		The decision to choose selective soldering versus wave soldering can be made by considering the number of components or points, the difficulty of the process and the required cycle time.
		If a large volume of points require soldering in a short period of time and the keep out zones are open, then a wave may be the solution.
		Overall, the cost of ownership of a selective soldering machine is many times less than comparable wave soldering machines.
	www.tritecsales.com /selective_soldering.htm (261 words)

	Manufacturer of Wave Solder Machines, Reflow Ovens, Selective Soldering Machines, Vapor Phase Soldering - NOVASTAR
		Novastar was established in 1989 with the mission to provide the best value in PCB soldering machines through cutting-edge technology and superior service at competitive prices.
		Novastar offers a complete line of wave solder machines as well as reflow ovens and selective soldering machines.
		Novastar has pioneered innovations such as baffle-free solder pots, high efficiency preheaters, exchangeable heater technology and efficient low cost forced-air systems with patented Horizontal Convection™ reflow technology*.
	www.novastarinc.com (148 words)

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