Wavelength dispersive X ray spectroscopy

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	Wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy is a method used to determine the energy spectrum of an X-ray radiation.
		It is usually operated under vacuum to reduce the absorption of soft radiation (low-energy photons) by the air and thus increase the sensitivity for the detection and quantitation of light elements (between boron and oxygen).
		The Science of Spectroscopy - supported by NASA, includes OpenSpectrum, a Wiki-based learning tool for spectroscopy that anyone can edit
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wavelength_dispersive_X-ray_spectroscopy (243 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> X-ray
		When the temperature is low enough (the detector is cooled by Peltier effect or best by liquid nitrogen), it is possible to directly determine the X-ray energy spectrum; this method is called energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX or EDS); it is often used in small X-ray fluorescence spectrometers.
		Hard X-rays overlap the range of "long"-wavelength (lower energy) gamma rays, however the distinction between the two terms depends on the source of the radiation, not its wavelength: X-ray photons are generated by energetic electron processes, gamma rays by transitions within atomic nuclei.
		X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 0.1 nanometers, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 to 3000 PHz.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/X-ray (2669 words)

	Standard Guide for Using Scanning Electron Microscopy/X-ray Spectrometry in Forensic Paint Examinations (Forensic Science Communicaitons, October 2002)
		Wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry is a complementary spectroscopy to energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry.
		Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry is a complementary spectroscopy to wavelength dispersive spectroscopy.
		Wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry may be used in conjunction with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry to provide greater sensitivity (x10) and resolution (5eV vs.140eV) of characteristic peaks (Bearden 1967).
	www.fbi.gov /hq/lab/fsc/backissu/oct2002/bottrell.htm (6768 words)

	ETEC Autoprobe scanning electron microscope - microprobe at Amenex Associates, Inc.
		The elemental resolution of the WDXA technique is essentially perfect, because every element can be separated spectrographically from its neighbors; there are no overlapping wavelengths that would interfere with distinguishing one element from another.
		Another, equivalent spot is scanned by the same time-varying signals across the phosphor of a cathode ray tube in the same raster pattern in order to map out the varying signal produced by the electron detector as variations in brightness on the viewing screen.
		One is that the energy is suddenly given up and dissipated; this produces photons of a wide range of energies (and wavelengths) known as white radiation, which forms the background radiation, of no use for distinguishing anything about composition.
	www.amenex.com /webpage/autprobe.htm (1273 words)

	Elemental Identification
		Wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS) may extend the threshhold of detection by at least an order of magnitude.
		Two methods are used to determine the x-rays that are produced: (1) energy-dispersive analysis separates and detects x-rays of specific energy and displays them as histograms, whereas (2) wavelength-dispersive analysis uses the reflection of x-rays off of a crystal at a characteristic angle to detect x-rays of specific wavelength.
		The SRNML is equipped for energy-dispersive spectroscopy on all of the microscopes capable of a scanning mode.
	www.ou.edu /research/electron/element.html (506 words)

	Imagine the Universe! Dictionary
		Spectroscopy is an important part of studying the chemistry that goes on in stars and in interstellar clouds.
		Electromagnetic radiation which has the lowest frequency, the longest wavelength, and is produced by charged particles moving back and forth; the atmosphere of the Earth is transparent to radio waves with wavelengths from a few millimeters to about twenty meters.
		An apparent shift toward longer wavelengths of spectral lines in the radiation emitted by an object caused by the emitting object moving away from the observer.
	imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov /docs/dict_qz.html (3027 words)

	Thermo Electron Corporation - - Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (WDS/WDX)
		Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (WDS or WDX) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS or EDX) are complementary X-ray microanalysis techniques.
		In WDS, x-rays are separated using diffraction, and individual wavelengths are detected at different spectrometer positions.
		Both methods sort x-rays to identify individual elemental components in a sample, but with different approaches.
	www.thermo.com /com/cda/technology/detail/1,2165,12701,00.html (643 words)

	MAC - Elementalt Reference Standards for Energy Dispersive or Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis
		All of our standards are suitable for electron-beam energy dispersive or wavelength dispersive X-ray microanalysis systems.
		MAC - Elementalt Reference Standards for Energy Dispersive or Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis
		A set of 42 standards for general Energy Dispersive Analysis, mounted in 25mm or 32mm diameter brass stub.
	www.emsdiasum.com /microscopy/products/standards/xray.aspx (377 words)

	Materials Analysis Research Lab - X-ray Analysis (EDS)
		WDS differentiates between x-ray photons based on their wavelength, hence the name.
		The analyzer is set up to diffract the x-ray's coming from the sample off of one of several crystals and onto a suitable detector.
		The high peak-to-background ratio serves to lower the detection limit of an element and also results in clean (i.e., low background) x-ray maps.
	www.marl.iastate.edu /marl/wds.html (343 words)

	Summary Releasing of substances from products made of chloroprene
		The screening analyses included an element analysis using wavelength dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, gas chromatography with mass spectroscopic detection (GC/MS) of headspace, gas chromatography with mass spectroscopic detection of extracts of the products, and thin layer chromatography also of extracts of the products.
		The products selected comprised two types of supports, two different brands of dive gloves, a pair of dive socks, a dive hood, a pair of waders and a dive suit.
	www.mst.dk /chemi/01085003.htm (1328 words)

	Materials Analysis Research Lab - X-ray Analysis (EDS)
		Analyzers are then used to characterize the x-ray photons for their energy (or wavelength) and abundance to determine the chemistry of sample.
		Due to the small size of the electron probe, it is possible to obtain elemental analyses for volumes as small as 1 um in diameter.
		This capability is useful for determining the presence of contaminants, investigating phase differences, and locating inclusions, as well as determining qualitative or quantitative elemental composition.
	www.marl.iastate.edu /marl/sem-eds.html (1353 words)

	ALS Chemex
		For whole rock analysis there are occasions when XRF e is inappropriate (see limitations of XRF Spectroscopy).
		These samples are best fused by sodium peroxide.
		The ME-XRF06 package offers thirteen major and minor elements (reported as oxides), plus loss on ignition (LOI), and the sum of the elements reported.
	alschemex.com /learnmore/learnmore-techinfo-multielement-wholerock.htm (771 words)

	Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy
		Wavelength Dispersive XRF can qualitatively and quantitatively determine the presence of elements from boron through uranium in the periodic table.
		Both solids and liquids can readily be assayed for composition or contamination, and quantitative analyses can be performed either via a calibration curve or a standardless fundamental parameters technique.
	www.ashlandanalytical.com /eds.html (230 words)

	Space Studies Board
		Most SEMS operate in the 2-30 keV range and are configured primarily for imaging (using secondary and backscattered electrons) and compositional analysis (using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS)).
		Although molecular species cannot be directly detected using electron microscopy, it is possible to probe the local (atomic and molecular) bonding environment of C, N, and O (and heavier elements), using electron energy-loss spectroscopy.
		The essential elements of an electron microscope are a high-vacuum column, an electron gun (a thermal or field emission electron emitter), a system of magnetic lenses to focus the electrons before (and after) interacting with the specimen, beam-scanning coils for rastering the electron beam across the specimen.
	www7.nationalacademies.org /ssb/nanopanel3bradley.html (1333 words)

	SiCN crystallite formation using MP-CVD
		Grazing incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXRD), energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDX), wavelength dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (WDX) and Raman analysis revealed that these crystals are silicon carbonitride rather than carbonitride as we expected and usually regarded.
	stacks.iop.org /0022-3727/34/1430 (337 words)

	Ceramics Division Film Characterization and Properties
		) was measured by wavelength-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy in an electron-probe microanalyzer (WDS/EPMA).
		The magnitude of the composition fluctuations in the alloy films, denoted Δx, was estimated by analyzing the full widths at half maximum (FWHMs) of the XRD peaks and also the band-edge CL peaks.
		Comparison of the 0006 XRD data with the WDS data shows that the lattice constant c is a linear function of x
	www.ceramics.nist.gov /programs/thinfilms/robins.htm (261 words)

	Research Facility, SEM Lab
		The SEM lab is equiped with a state of the art JEOL 6830 SEM and both energy dispersive and wavelength dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy systems from Oxford Instruments.
		Electron Microscopy and X-Ray micro-analysis is carried out in the PISCES SEM lab.
	cerfe.ucsd.edu /About_CERFE/Research_Facilities/SEM_Lab.htm (40 words)

	print.asp?doc=32
		Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDS) and wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WDS) were used to obtain microchemical analyses.
		analysis for light elements (such as oxygen) was carried out using wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS) linescans in an electron microprobe analyzer.
		analysis for light elements (such as oxygen) were carried out using wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS) linescans in an electron microprobe analyzer.
	www.a-sp.org /database/print.asp?doc=32 (9056 words)

	Plasma Materials Interactions, SEM Lab, Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy - WDS
		Plasma Materials Interactions, SEM Lab, Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy - WDS
		With WDS, an x-ray spectrum is acquired sequentially as the full wavelength range is scanned.
		In contrast to EDS, which involves a detector, WDS employs an actual x-ray spectrometer, so it takes longer to acquire a full spectrum than with EDS.
	cerfe.ucsd.edu /Plasma_Materials_Interactions/Materials_Diagnostics/SEM/Wavelength_Dispersive_Spectroscopy.htm (177 words)

	A Short Resume
		As a technician I worked with Prof.H. Tobschall in the Institute of Mineralogy (Department of Geochemistry) on the development of new analytical techniques for geochemical applications as well as the analytical and educational care of already existing methods for routine analysis in geochemistry.
		I was member of the Internet-Project TeleSpec- Telecooperation in Spectroscopy and the
		I specialized on atomic absorption spectrometry (flame and graphite furnace techniques) and plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).
	www2.chemie.uni-erlangen.de /people/Markus_Hemmer/resume.html (686 words)

	Thermo Electron Corporation - - X-Ray Microanalysis
		Energy Dispersive and Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy techniques capture elemental information (characteristic X-rays) during the interaction between the energy beam in an electron microscope and its sample.
		X-ray microanalysis uses energy dispersive (EDS) and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS) in the elemental characterization of materials in electron microscopes.
		A related technique, Electron Backscattered Diffraction measures diffraction patterns from backscattered electrons for to characterize the crystalline structure (phase identification and crystal orientation) of materials.
	www.thermo.com /com/cda/technology/detail/1,2165,12111,00.html (72 words)

	Research & Development Capabilities
		For liquid phase processes, ACS has a high pressure stirred autoclave reactor and a fixed-bed reactor.
		ACS also has high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS).
		Catalyst BET surface area, pore volume, pore size distribution, and precious metal dispersions can be measured on ACS' Quantachrome Autosorb analyzer.
	www.advancedcatalyst.com /R&D (563 words)

	David Wertz
		All three projects focus on the group’s capabilities in x-ray diffraction, wide angle x-ray scattering, wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and combustion studies.
		The third project focuses on using x-ray spectroscopy to determine and to quantitate the high temperature combustion products from rocket exhausts.
		The tire project involves chemical reactions that occur in an adiabatic chemical reactor which involve the cleavage of the organ-sulfur species as well as the extraction of zinc, calcium, and other species from the cross-linked poly styrene/butadiene matrix of the rubber.
	www.usm.edu /chem/wertz.htm (216 words)

	X-ray Compositional MicroAnalysis: EDS and WDS
		X-rays have characteristic energies/wavelengths and can be detected using either a solid state energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) detector, or a diffracting crystal in tandem with a gas-filled proportional counter wavelength dispersive spectrometer (WDS) detector.
		Remember each element's characteristic X-ray has a distinct wavelength, and by adjusting the tilt of the crystal in the spectrometer, at a specific angle it will diffract the wavelength of specific element's X-rays.
		A high vacuum (10-6 torr) is required, for the life of the filament and to minimize electron and X-ray dispersion in the column.
	www.geology.wisc.edu /~johnf/660.html (3873 words)

	UFT AG Botanik
		This technique is based on the interaction of an electron beam with specimen elements resulting in X-ray emissions that are measured by crystal spectrometers (wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, WDXS) or a solid-state detector (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, EDXS).
		Advantage of the wavelength-dispersive system is a higher sensitivity compared to the energy-dispersive systeme, however, the EDXS is commonly used, because it allows also the analysis of different elements at one measurement point.
		This technique allows the measurement of elements at the inter- and intracellular level.
	www.uft.uni-bremen.de /pflanzenanatomie/Techniken/x-ray.htm (349 words)

	Everything you ever needed to know about EDS and WDS - and shouldn't be afraid to ask
		Energy-dispersive and wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS and WDS) are key techniques in today's fast-moving world of microanalysis, finding many thousands of applications worldwide in areas as varied as environmental monitoring, mineral exploration, semiconductor manufacture and forensic science.
		Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis Hardware Explained and Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis Explained cover in a clear, unambiguous way such topics as the basics of each technique, how to choose between the two, how detectors work and the intricacies of how to choose a good detector.
		Both booklets are free of charge and are very suitable for use by undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as by researchers and users in academic and commercial environments.
	www.oxinst.com /ANLNWP520.htm (382 words)

	EDS X-Ray Microanalysis, EBSD and Micro-XRF Analysis Systems from EDAX
		EDAX is the global leader in Energy Dispersive X-Ray Microanalysis, Electron Backscatter Diffraction and Micro X-Ray Fluorescence systems.
		Our goal is to provide the advanced technology, premium performance and reliabilty our customers have come to expect for over 40 years.
	www.edax.com (162 words)

	HONORING THE EARTH CONSORTIUM
		Their advanced instrumentation includes scanning electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, transmission electron microsopy, energy and wavelength dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray fluorescence, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
		MCL has large charger, atmospheric pressure, and ultra-high resolution scanning electron microscopes for complex samples, and offers many other specialized testing and technology demonstration capabilities.
		MCL offers an experienced staff along with a unique and powerful collection of materials characterization equipment.
	nia.ecsu.edu /nrts/ess/consorpaper.html (925 words)

	Wikipedia Links - The Science of Spectroscopy
		The Science of Spectroscopy (http://www.scienceofspectroscopy.info) - supported by NASA, includes OpenSpectrum, a Wiki-based learning tool for spectroscopy that anyone can edit
		This page was last modified 18:37, 5 Oct 2005.
	scienceofspectroscopy.info /wiki/index.php?title=Wikipedia_Links (30 words)

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Topic: Wavelength dispersive X ray spectroscopy

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