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Topic: Wechsler adult intelligence scale

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David Wechsler

Mental retardation

Intelligence (trait)

IQ

WAIS

Richard Wawro

1997

1997 in science

Mental retardation

	Wechsler Intelligence Test \| AHealthyMe.com
		The Wechsler Intelligence Scales are a series of standardized tests used to evaluate cognitive abilities and intellectual abilities in children and adults.
		The Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children (regular, revised, and third edition) and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence are used as tools in school placement, in determining the presence of a learning disability or a developmental delay, in identifying giftedness, and in tracking intellectual development.
		The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales (regular and revised) are used to determine vocational ability, to assess adult intellectual ability in the classroom, and to determine organic deficits.
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic100587677 (759 words)

	David Wechsler - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He developed two well-known intelligence scales, namely the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC).
		Wechsler studied with many of the leading psychologists of the day, including E.
		David Wechsler is also the name of a Civil Servant, who has been Chief Executive of the London Borough of Croydon since 1987.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/David_Wechsler (178 words)

	Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
		According to Wechsler, intelligence is influenced by personality traits and other nonintellective components, such as anxiety, persistence and goal awareness.
		Wechsler suggests that if there is more than 15 IQ points difference between the two main scales then this might be cause for further investigation.
		Although scaled scores for each of the 11 subtests are obtained using a single table based on the reference group, IQs are derived separately for each of the age groups (there are nine e.g.
	www.wilderdom.com /personality/intelligenceWAISWISC.html (1182 words)

	Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine: Wechsler intelligence test
		Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) The WAIS-R, the 1981 revision of the original Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, is designed for adults, age 16-74.
		The Wechsler Intelligence Scales are standardized tests, meaning that as part of the test design, they were administered to a large representative sample of the target population, and norms were determined from the results.
		The scales have a mean, or average, standard score of 100 and a standard deviation of 15.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g2601/is_0014/ai_2601001473 (799 words)

	David Wechsler (www.whonamedit.com)
		An intelligence test which may be a guidance as to whether an intelligence defect is congenital or acquired.
		In 1955 he developed another intelligence test for adults, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), with the same structure as his previous scale, but standardised against different population groups, including 10 non-white, to mirror the population as a whole.
		Wechsler’s last intelligence test, Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, was published in 1967 as an adaptation of the children’s scale intended for very young children.
	www.whonamedit.com /doctor.cfm/767.html (489 words)

	David Wechsler (1896-1981) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		By the time he retired as head of the Bellevue Psychiatric Hospital (and member of the New York University College of Medicine in 1961), clinical psychology was a major area of the discipline (indeed, an integral part of everyday life).
		Wechslers' introduction to the assessment of cognitive abilities was serendipitous.
		Wechsler's military service took him to London where he studied under Spearman and Pearson.
	www.psych.usyd.edu.au /difference5/scholars/wechsler.html (215 words)

	Mental Retardation - Assessment Tools (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Often, the Bayley scales are used to determine whether a child is developing normally and provide for early diagnosis and intervention in cases of developmental delay, where there is significant tardiness in acquiring certain skills or performing key activities.
		These two IQ scales combine to yield a Full Scale IQ, with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of ±15.
		One of the most frequently used tests of adult intelligence, it is based upon a series of subtests with two general categories of items, verbal and performance.
	www.academiconcepts.org /sped/mr/mra_dat.sht (1074 words)

	Human Intelligence: David Wechsler
		Wechsler's definition of intelligence as "the global capacity to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment" included the idea that intelligence is not a single capacity but a multifaceted aggregate.
		Wechsler believed the subtests were collectively capable of yielding important clinical insights that could be used for differential diagnosis as well as measuring a broad range of psychological functioning.
		In order to determine a meaningful representation of adult intelligence, Wechsler introduced the Deviation Quotient, an IQ computed by considering the individual's mental ability in comparison with the average individual of his or her own age.
	www.indiana.edu /~intell/wechsler.shtml (316 words)

	Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Four short-form linear equation estimates of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III IQs in an elderly sample.
		The association between duration of breastfeeding and adult intelligence.
		Severe hypoglycemia and intelligence in adult patients with insulin-treated diabetes.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/X/X-W1echsler.asp (381 words)

	Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale--Revised (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The FSIQ is a standard score with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of approximately 15.
		Reliability: Corrected split-half reliability coefficients for Verbal IQ (.95 to.97) and Full Scale IQ (.96 to.98), and their respective standard errors of about 2 points, are quite acceptable.
		Test-retest reliability coefficients affirm the excellent reliability of the Verbal and Full Scales, and show Performance IQ to be quite acceptable (.89 to.90).
	www.cps.nova.edu /~cpphelp/WAIS-R.html (350 words)

	Definition of IQ
		The Wechsler tests consist of 10 or 11 (at the discretion of the test administrator) subtests, each of which has a ceiling that is 2.75 standard deviations above the mean.
		For adults, the ceiling on the Wechsler tests depends upon the age of the adult test subject.
		Wechsler tests yield somewhat lower scores at the higher levels of IQ even after correcting for the 15/16 ratio of their standard deviations.
	hiqnews.megafoundation.org /Definition_of_IQ.html (1499 words)

	jama (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Main Outcome Measures Intelligence, assessed using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) at a mean age of 27.2 years in the mixed-sex sample and the Børge Priens Prøve (BPP) test at a mean age of 18.7 years in the all-male sample.
		However, studies of correlations between childhood and adult intelligence show that intelligence is quite unstable during the first decade of life, particularly in early childhood.
		Twins were excluded because relationships between some of the covariates and adult intelligence may be different in twins and singletons (eg, associations between adult intelligence and birth weight and length) and because data for twin pairs are not statistically independent.
	www.ihpra.org /jama.htm (4414 words)

	Dyslexia in Ireland - The Wechsler Tests (WISC) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Either the WAIS-R (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Revised) or the WAIS-III (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Third Edition) may be used to obtain a measure of a student’s potential cognitive ability.
		One of the most widely used is the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, more commonly know as the WISC. This test may also be called the WISC-R, where R stands for Revised.
		Each subtest delivers a scaled score, which is a score adjusted for the child's age and may range from 1 (lowest) to 19 (highest).
	www.clubi.ie /dyslexia/wisc.html (605 words)

	University of Alberta Dictionary of Cognitive Science: Crystallized Intelligence
		Crystallized intelligence can be defined as "the extent to which a person has absorbed the content of culture."(Belsky, 1990, p.
		Crystallized intelligence is measured by most of the verbal subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS).
		Crystallized intelligence is important to psychologists as it relates to the study of aging.
	www.bcp.psych.ualberta.ca /~mike/Pearl_Street/Dictionary/contents/C/crystallized_intelligence.html (227 words)

	A confirmatory analysis of the wechsler adult intelligence scale-third edition: is the verbal/performance discrepancy ...
		A confirmatory analysis of the wechsler adult intelligence scale-third edition: is the verbal/performance discrepancy justified?.
		Taub, Gordon E. Taub, Gordon E. A confirmatory analysis of the wechsler adult intelligence scale-third edition: is the verbal/performance discrepancy justified?.
		The use of first-order Verbal and Performance factors and a second-order general factor is considered an implicit factor structure because, as previously discussed, theoretical justification for the use of these factors is not contained in the instrument's technical manual.
	pareonline.net /getvn.asp?v=7&n=22 (2017 words)

	University of Alberta Dictionary of Cognitive Science: Fluid Intelligence
		Fluid intelligence is measured by the performance subtasks on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS).
		Fluid intelligence is important to psychologists as it relates to the study of aging.
		There is ongoing intense debate among psychologists as to whether or not intelligence declines with aging.
	www.bcp.psych.ualberta.ca /~mike/Pearl_Street/Dictionary/contents/F/fluid_intelligence.html (163 words)

	About Psychological Tests
		The scales and questions selected for the MMPI are based on test construction and validation procedures that failed their objectives.
		The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale is the most widely used test of general intelligence in the United States.
		Researchers have argued that the scales used to estimate overall intelligence are those which are most highly correlated with academic performance which is not necessarily the definition of intelligence.
	www.oregoncounseling.org /Test/AboutTests.htm (1780 words)

	Handout: WAIS®-III Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
		He was dissatisfied with the existing tests of intelligence which had often been created to measure scholastic/academic potential, were directed toward children, and tended to be highly verbal in the type of intelligence they measured.
		Wechsler, therefore, decided to construct an adult-focused test of intelligence which would not be oriented toward the more academic standards implicit in successor exams to Binet's original and would use stardandarized scores.
		He believed intelligence was demonstrated in a person's ability (1) to act purposefully, (2) think logically, and (3) interact-cope successfully with the environment.
	web.lemoyne.edu /~hevern/psy448/448documents/wais_iii.html (869 words)

	Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale or WAIS is a general test of intelligence (IQ), published in February 1955 as a revision of the Wechsler-Bellevue test (1939), standardised for use with adults over the age of 16.
		The full scale IQ is broken down into 14 subtests, comprising the verbal (7 subtests) and performance scales (7 subtests).
		However, this is usually done with a separate version of the WAIS, known as the WAIS-R NI (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised as a Neuropsychological Instrument).
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/WAIS-R (509 words)

	Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS, IQ test, intelligence quotient) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Intelligence testing is a form of psychological testing of an individual's capacity to learn and deal effectively with his/her environment.
		The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale is the most widely used individually administered intelligence test (IQ test) for adults.
		A scale for children ages 5 through 15 years is called WISC -- Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and a scale for children ages 4 to 6* years is called WPPSI--Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Reference/dictionary/Biologie/W/52.html (152 words)

	AllRefer.com - Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (Psychology And Psychiatry) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (Psychology And Psychiatry) - Encyclopedia
		Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS): see psychological tests.
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/X/X-Wechsler.html (126 words)

	Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - 3rd Ed.
		The artwork has been updated, but has been criticized as being distracting and overly detailed and discriminating against disadvantaged individuals, while the colors are thought to be potentially unfair to color blind individuals.
		The split-half reliability coefficients are outstanding for the Full Scale IQ, the Verbal IQ, and the VCI, and are excellent for the Performance IQ, POI, and WMI.
		Discrepancies among index score were found with LD adult population using the WAIS-III, and may be a stronger way to identify LD.
	www.cps.nova.edu /~cpphelp/WAIS-3.html (635 words)

	Journal of Rehabilitation: WAIS-R subtest regroupings as predictors of employment success and failure among adults with ...
		The current research was designed to determine the value of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (Wechsler, 1981) subtest regroupings in the identification of LD young adults who are likely to have difficulty making the transition from school to employment.
		A small number of the adults with disabilities were referred by parents, other community members or by themselves for inclusion in this study.
		The subjects were adults (55 males and 31 females) identified or validated as being LD by one certified school psychologist.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0825/is_n4_v58/ai_13975722 (1169 words)

	Issues In Forensic Psychology - Wechsler Intelligence Scales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Wechsler scales are the most frequently used tests for the assessment of general intellectual ability.
		Interpreting the Wechsler scales presumes they have been administered in a standardized manner.
		For minority groups, Full Scale IQ scores can vary substantially depending on the ethnicity of psychologist administering the Wechsler scales.
	www.campsych.com /wechsler.htm (201 words)

	SCALE ADULT EDUCATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Nearly 4 million adults were enrolled in adult education classes in the United States in 1999.
		First, variety permits local adult education directors to select the tests which are most aligned with.
		Adult learners and educators learn how to use and participate in the development of IT-based models for learning, instruction, and professional development..
	scale.eduk.biz (494 words)

	Types of Evaluations
		The assessment is based on the child's developmental and social history, diagnostic observation of the child in a familiar surroundings (such as a classroom) and psychological testing as indicated.
		Psychological testing may include, but is not limited to: intelligence testing, educational achievement testing, personality evaluation, a vocational interest evaluation, assessment of brain damage, and neuropsychological examination.
		Full Scale IQ ranges and general bell curve.
	www.concordspedpac.org /TypesEvals.html (1065 words)

	Balancing the Need for Reliability and Time Efficiency: Short Forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III -- ...
		Doppelt, J. Estimating the full scale score on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale from scores on four subtests.
		Ward, L. Prediction of verbal, performance, and full scale IQ from seven subtests of the WAIS-R. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 46, 436-440.
		Wechsler, D. Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence manual.
	epm.sagepub.com /cgi/content/refs/64/1/71 (399 words)

	Test of Inductive Reasoning (TRI) - Validity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The correlation coefficient between the TRI-IQ and the SAT® I: Reasoning Test (recentered) is.75 for a sample of 108 testees (.83 with Math, and.45 with Verbal); and the correlation coefficient between the TRI-IQ and the SAT® (original) is.51 for a sample of 100 examinees.
		The TRI-IQ and the Full Scale IQ of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale®-Third Edition, WAIS®-III was observed to be.73 thanks to a group of 30 examinees, while the Performance IQ for 23 of these subjects was correlated at.89 with their TRI-IQ.
		The relationship of the TRI-IQ and the Slosson Intelligence Test®-Revised, SIT®-R was computed on a sample of 30 persons and its level indicated a very high level of proximity.
	www.jouvetesting.org /eng/tests/tri/pages/validity.htm (453 words)

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