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	Central German - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		High German subdivides into Upper German (green) and Central German (blue), and is distinguished from Low German (yellow).
		Central German (in German: Mitteldeutsch, or rarely Zentraldeutsch) is a group of High German dialects spread from the Rhineland to Thuringia, south of Low Saxon-Low Fraconian and north of Upper German.
		Central German is distinguished by having experienced only the first and fourth phases of the High German consonant shift.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Central_German (135 words)

	West Central German - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		West Central German (Westmitteldeutsch) is a High German dialect family in the German language.
		This transition area between Central German and Upper German is captured by the dialect families of South Franconian German and East Franconian German, colloquially miscalled Franconian, because dialects of this sub-family are spoken all over Franconia.
		West Central German also is spoken in America, for example as Amana-Deutsch.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/West_Central_German (139 words)

	BBC Education - Languages
		German is a part of the West Germanic family of languages, and is closely related to Dutch, English, Frisian and Yiddish.
		German is the official language in Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein and Switzerland and has official status in Belgium and Luxembourg.
		German dialects are divided into Low German, spoken in the flat northern areas, Upper German, spoken in the mountainous south and Austria, and Central German.
	www.bbc.co.uk /languages/european_languages/languages/german.shtml (180 words)

	Germany - Central German Uplands
		The Central German Uplands are Germany's portion of the Central European Uplands; they extend from the Massif Central in France to Poland and the Czech Republic.
		In the west, the Central German Uplands begin with the Rheinish Uplands, a massive rectangular block of slate and shale with a gently rolling plateau of about 400 meters in elevation and peaks of about 800 to 900 meters.
		One of the highest points in the Central German Uplands is at Brocken (1,142 meters) in the Harz Mountains.
	countrystudies.us /germany/76.htm (605 words)

	Helmuth Kohl and German Identity
		Partner of the American sea alliance in the West, part of the Soviet land empire in the East, loyal to irreconcilable systems of values and government, the uneasy heirs to German history are threatened as well as supported through this antagonism, whether they like it or not.
		West Germans must strive to identify with positive historical and cultural values, while assuaging the West's and the East's suspicions and fears of a revival of German nationalism.
		The West Germans, conscious of the East West stalemate and their vulnerable position, especially in Berlin, sensed the unease with which the West dealt with Germany's unresolved nationhood.
	www.stanford.edu /~dietmar/kohl.htm (2001 words)

	Avalanche Press
		Alternatively, German reinforcements can enter the board and use rail and strategic movement to dash across the board to the sector where they’re most needed, and immediately get supplies and support from whichever German HQ happens to be there.
		The German line running east of Olenino to Rzhev and southeast of Rzhev is strong, until it passes a bend in the creek at the town of Karmanovo.
		The German XX and XXX Corps HQs and their mechanized divisions are both unsupplied and surrounded by units of the Soviet 5th and 33rd Armies (the divisions aren’t Isolated because they have their HQs with them providing supply).
	www.avalanchepress.com /RedGodStrategy.php (6666 words)

	The Sudentendeutsche Landsmannschaft
		The German economy has successfully absorbed them, Bonn's social legislation (i.e., Equalization of Burdens) has recognized many of their claims, and they generally have acquired a stake in society.62 Sudeten Germans today are indistinguishable in their political preferences from other West Germans.
		One Sudeten German leader voicing the latter opinion explained that the SL "(does) not want to be a mere cultural society, or an auxiliary wing of political parties, but an ethnic organization with responsibilities and aspirations unique for all times."8l However, his was a dissenting voice amidst a growing acceptance of a conciliatory line.
		The CSSR demanded that West Germany annul the Munich Agreement hic et nunc as a precondition to negotiations.105 The SL went into a frenzied state announcing that an annulment would be extremely detrimental to their cause, essentially invalidating their claims to the homeland.106 Eventually the negotiations were concluded with the Munich Agreement intact.
	www.ihr.org /jhr/v07/v07p261_Oppenheimer.html (5377 words)

	Stasi
		Suddenly the German government was faced with demands that the communist officials who had ordered, executed, and abetted crimes against their own people—crimes that were as brutal as those perpetrated by their Nazi predecessors—also be prosecuted.
		German Foreign Minister Klaus Kinkel, who was West Germany's minister of justice when the nation was unified, said this at a session of parliament in September 1991: "We must punish the perpetrators.
		Two letters—one to a friend in West Germany, seeking assistance to legally emigrate to the West, and another containing a similar appeal to Chief of State Honecker—brought a four-year sentence to their writer, who was convicted under two laws: those on "establishing illegal contacts" (writing to his friend) and on "public denigration" (writing to Honecker).
	partners.nytimes.com /books/first/k/koehler-stasi.html (7782 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online:
		The Germans were ambitious farmers and artisans who believed their futures were cramped by the social and economic system at home.
		As late as 1880 the population of San Antonio was one-third German.
		Germans created new ethnic islands as late as the 1920s, but they were peopled from other areas in Texas, particularly the German Belt.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/GG/png2.html (2162 words)

	German Translation Services - translate German Translator
		German translation comes in many dialects which are in general not mutually intelligible.
		In the last section, the German language was characterised as the language that has undergone the Second Germanic Sound Shift, but nonetheless the term "Low German" was introduced for a language not meeting this criterion.
		The Low German areas are said to speak a variety of German because they belong to Germany, and because they have adopted High German as their standard language gradually since the 15th century.
	www.germantranslationusa.com (1146 words)

	Germany
		The architect of this new German unity was Otto von Bismarck, a conservative, monarchist, and militaristic Prussian prime minister.
		The North German Confederation, created in 1867, was abolished, and the Second German Reich, consisting of the North and South German states, was born.
		West German chancellor Willy Brandt, winner of a Nobel Peace Prize for his foreign policies, was forced to resign in 1974 when an East German spy was discovered to be one of his top staff members.
	www.factmonster.com /ipka/A0107568.html (2617 words)

	Germany Central German Uplands - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, ...
		Between the Central German Uplands and the Alpine Foreland and the Alps lies the geographical region of Southern Germany, which includes most of Baden-Württemberg, much of northern Bavaria, and portions of Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate.
		Up to 1,000 meters in height and approximately forty kilometers wide, the two albs form a long arc--400 kilometers long--from the southern end of the Black Forest to near Bayreuth and the hills of the Frankenwald region, which is part of the Central German Uplands.
		The landscape of the Southern Germany region is often that of scarp and vale, with the eroded sandstone and limestone scarps facing to the northwest.
	www.photius.com /countries/germany/geography/germany_geography_central_german_uplan~7728.html (972 words)

	Saxony (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This territory included Holstein and the area west of the lower Elbe River, in what is now the German Land (state) of Lower Saxony.
		Johann Georg I. (reigned 1611–56) headed the organization of German Protestant princes during the Thirty Years' War (1618–48), but from this period Albertine Saxony was increasingly overshadowed by Brandenburg-Prussia as the leading state of Protestant Germany.
		Saxony Land was re-created in 1990 in the process of the unification of East with West Germany.
	www.hfac.uh.edu /gbrown/philosophers/leibniz/BritannicaPages/Saxony/Saxony.html (683 words)

	Fall of Communism
		Thousands of East Germans streamed into the West, and in the course of the night, celebrants on both sides of the wall began to tear it down.
		Inspired by their neighbors’ reforms, East Germans took to the streets in the summer and fall of 1989 to call for reforms, including freedom to visit West Berlin and West Germany.
		Moscow’s refusal to use military force to buoy the regime of East German leader Erich Honecker led to his replacement and the initiation of political reforms, leading up to the fateful decision to open the border crossings on the night of November 9, 1989.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ho/time/dr/17672.htm (738 words)

	Geography of Germany - Physical Setting, Topography, Drainage
		At its widest, Germany measures approximately 650 kilometers from the Belgian-German border in the west to the Polish frontier in the east.
		The North German Lowland is a part of the Great European Plain that sweeps across Europe from the Pyrenees in France to the Ural Mountains in Russia.
		The foreland is roughly triangular in shape, about 400 kilometers long from west to east with a maximum width of about 150 kilometers north to south, and is bounded by Lake Constance and the Alps to the south, the Swabian and Franconian albs to the north, and the Bavarian Forest to the east.
	worldfacts.us /Germany-geography.htm (2234 words)

	Governor's East Central Ohio Economic Development Offices \| Ohio Department of Development
		East Central Ohio is diverse in the type of terrain from gentle rolling hills in the northwest to the more rugged foothills of the Appalachia Mountains in the southeast.
		East Central Ohio is also known for their chemical, tier 2 automotive and plastics industries.
		Coal is predominant in the southeast portion of East Central Ohio.
	www.odod.state.oh.us /Region10.htm (286 words)

	Questions And Answers About German Dialects
		The South is the region where the Second Sound Shift (see the separate article on the history of German) is fully in effect for the local dialect, and the North where it is not in effect at all, whereas in the Centre, it is partially in effect (in the East more than in the West).
		For colloquial standard German, the main border is between the South where the regional language mingles more easily with the intended standard and the rest where this is the less the case, the farther North we are.
		When, by the general phonological rules of standard German, a vowel might be either long and closed or short and open, long vowels are preferred in the North and short vowels in the South with a large overlap.
	www.lrz-muenchen.de /~hr/lang/dt-dial.html (3276 words)

	Why are West Germans Anti-Communists?
		West Germany was established by the most reactionary circles of the German monopoly bourgeoisie and US imperialism as a "bulwark" of anti-communism against the people, against social progress, and against the advance of socialism in Germany and Europe.
		West Germany was established not only as an anti-communist bulwark, but also as a base for rolling back socialism.
		That is another reason why Bonn will not recognize the citizenship of GDR the GDR's people, and why it wants to extend the reach of the West German Basic Law to the territory of the German Reich of 1939, and why it won't extradite the double murderer Weinhold.
	www.calvin.edu /academic/cas/gpa/brd1.htm (971 words)

	Germany in 1914
		The German upper house, the Bundestrat, comprised of representatives from the states and cities.
		The German government believed the country might be attacked by either France in the west and Russia in the east.
		The German Navy was the second largest in the world in 1914.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWinGermany.htm (553 words)

	Luxembourgish
		Luxembourgish or Luxembourgian (French: Luxembourgeois, German: Luxemburgisch, Luxembourgish: LГ«tzebuergesch) is a West Germanic language spoken in Luxembourg.
		It is relatively easy for German speakers to understand Luxembourgish, but more difficult to speak it properly because of the French influence.
		In this respect, Luxembourgish does come nearer to being merely a German dialect than does Dutch, which is also obviously related to German but markedly more divergent from that language in syntax, word order and idiom.
	www.governpub.com /Languages-L/Luxembourgish.php (512 words)

	Old High German (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Since the 8th century the language was developing in the Kingdom of Franks, especially in its eastern parts where the population consisted mainly of Germanic tribes (Bavars, Alemanns, Turings).
		Old High German was the only Germanic language which suffered the 2nd consonant shift, under which p, t, k became f, z, h after a vowel (English water vs. OHG wazzar, Gothic slépan vs. OHG sláfan).
		Contacts with the aboriginal tribes of the Alps resulted to serious changes in the language, one of which is perhaps the 2nd consonant shift in Germanic (some similar trends are seen in Rhetoromance languages of the Alps).
	indoeuro.bizland.com /tree/germ/ohg.html (479 words)

	Bonn's Cash Is Sent East - New York Times
		LEAD: East German bank vaults are bulging with billions of West German marks in advance of the treaty merging the two countries' economies, an official of the West German central bank said last week.
		East German bank vaults are bulging with billions of West German marks in advance of the treaty merging the two countries' economies, an official of the West German central bank said last week.
		Teams of workers had to be sent from West Germany to strengthen doors and repair damaged buildings and money had to be repacked in lighter bundles so that East German bank workers could lift them.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE4D61630F936A15755C0A966958260 (273 words)

	WWW-VL: History: American West History: America West People: American Westward Expansion
		Cottonwood: History of the Upper Sacramento Valley From the expansion west, to the mission days, buckaroos and bad boys, the pinto folk (moutain men who married chief daughters), the padres, the "wanted" men seeking a fresh start, buffalo soldiers, explorers, trappers, scouts and renegades.
		The Old West took all types, and more than a few preachermen wore themselves out trying to civilize the motley crew.
		This American West WWW-VL site is currently maintained by Nancy Sween at http://www.vlib.us/americanwest/ and is regularly updated and expanded.
	www.vlib.us /americanwest/people.htm (661 words)

	Gehlen Organization - German Intelligence Agencies
		Hundreds of German army and SS officers were released from internment camps to join Gehlen's headquarters in the Spessart Mountains in central Germany.
		In the early fifties it was estimated that the organization employed up to 4,000 intelligence specialists in Germany, mainly former army and SS officers, and that more than 4,000 V-men (undercover agents) were active throughout the Soviet-bloc countries.
		In April 1956 control of the Gehlen Organization shifted to the newly-sovereign West German Federal Republic as the BND (Bundesnachrichtendienst, or "Federal Intelligence Service").
	www.fas.org /irp/world/germany/intro/gehlen.htm (665 words)

	Central Area Office, Massachusetts Conference, United Church of Christ
		Transition Staff Plan for the Central Association - A letter from MACUCC Board Chair Nancy J. Lawrence and Central Association Moderator The Rev. Harold “Skip” Lloyd.
		Who Are We The Central Association is comprised of faithful churches and clergy proclaiming and living out the Good News of Jesus Christ, in covenant with the Massachusetts Conference, the United Church of Christ and the ecumenical community.
		Eight churches have declared themselves to be Open and Affirming and 4 congregations (both declared and non-declared ONA) have called openly gay or lesbian pastors.
	www.macucc.org /central/index.htm (680 words)

	The Association for the Study of German Politics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		With Taylor and Francis publishing, the ASGP publishes the journal 'German Politics', as an international forum for academic debate and political analysis on Germany, its changing role in European and world affairs, and its internal structures including political economy, constitutional law and social analysis.
		The Association for the Study of German Politics was founded in 1974 to encourage academic excellence in the study of German politics.
		Learning from the West brings insight into political life after the collapse of communism and the fall of the Iron Curtain.
	www.asgp.ac.uk /home.htm (279 words)

	German - Research - 1996
		German interlanguage: an analysis of beginners' German at University level, with implications for strategies of teaching foreign languages (Aa-Verlag) P. Wend
		Hammer's German grammar and usage (Arnold) 3rd rev. ed.
		German for specific purposes: teaching language to engineering and science students.
	www.abdn.ac.uk /german/research/9697workpublished.shtml (1997 words)

	WWW-VL: History: American West History Index: American Westward Expansion: America Old West
		Those newly arrived established themselves primarily along the eastern seaboard, where industries already existed that required their work.
		Populating the West was a rich man's adventure..." (p38)
		This American West index was created by Lynn H. Nelson (Univ of Kansas) until October 1999, when Nancy Sween began maintaining the site on space provided by Dr. Nelson through University of Kansas.
	www.vlib.us /americanwest (262 words)

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