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Topic: West Nile

	West Nile Virus
		West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne infection that can cause encephalitis (inflammation of brain tissue) and/or meningitis (swelling of the tissue that encloses the brain and spinal cord).
		West Nile virus arrived in Stillwater in September 2002.
		West Nile virus transmission in resident birds, Dominican Republic.
	www.audubon.org /bird/wnv (746 words)

	West Nile Virus - NSC
		The West Nile Virus is primarily a disease of birds.
		West Nile Virus is similar to the virus that causes St. Louis encephalitis, which for years has been found in the United States.
		CDC epidemiologists identified the West Nile virus and linked it to the human illness after pathologists found the disease in flamingos, herons, and bald eagles that had been dying at the Bronx Zoo.
	www.nsc.org /library/facts/westnile.htm (0 words)

	West Nile Virus in Illinois
		West Nile virus emerged in the United States in the New York metropolitan area in the fall of 1999.
		In Illinois, West Nile virus was first identified in September 2001 when laboratory tests confirmed its presence in two dead crows found in the Chicago area.
		The best way to prevent West Nile encephalitis and other mosquito-borne illnesses is to reduce the number of mosquitoes around your home and neighborhood and to take personal precautions to avoid mosquito bites.
	www.idph.state.il.us /envhealth/wnv.htm (0 words)

	West Nile Virus-Topic Overview
		Some evidence suggests that West Nile virus can be spread from a mother to her baby during pregnancy, at birth, or through breast milk.
		If a health professional thinks you may have West Nile virus, he or she will take a medical history, asking questions such as when you were bitten by a mosquito and what symptoms you have.
		If you have symptoms of West Nile encephalitis, your blood will be tested for antibodies to the virus-specifically, immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies-a sign that you have been infected.
	www.webmd.com /a-to-z-guides/West-Nile-Virus-Topic-Overview (1027 words)

	West Nile virus - CNN.com
		Although the exact mechanism of illness is unknown, West Nile virus probably enters the host's bloodstream, multiplies and moves on to the brain, crossing the blood-brain barrier — a barrier that separates the blood from the central nervous system.
		West Nile virus transmission occurs mostly during warm weather, when mosquito populations are active.
		Although donated organs are not yet screened for West Nile virus, blood donor screening for West Nile was instituted in 2003, substantially reducing the risk of infection from blood transfusions.
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/library/DS/00438.html (0 words)

	West Nile Virus
		West Nile Virus originated in remote areas such as Africa, Eastern Europe, West Asia, and the Middle East.
		When a human or animal is bitten by an infected mosquito it may take three to fourteen days for West Nile Virus symptoms to show up.
		West Nile Virus symptoms can be very mild ranging from a small fever and flu-like symptoms or it can result in permanent neurological affects or even death.
	www.west-nile-virus-prevention.com (357 words)

	West Nile virus causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment on MedicineNet.com
		West Nile encephalitis is an infection of the brain that is caused by a virus known as the West Nile virus.
		West Nile virus had not been previously reported in the U.S. prior to an outbreak in New York in September, 1999.
		West Nile virus also is called West Nile fever or West Nile encephalitis.
	www.medicinenet.com /west_nile_encephalitis/article.htm (0 words)

	Encephalitis – Types of Encephalitis – West Nile Encephalitis
		West Nile fever virus (Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae) was first isolated from the blood of a febrile Ugandan in 1937.
		Although there were only around 60 cases, this outbreak of West Nile encephalitis caused considerable alarm because the virus had not previously reached the Americas, or indeed anywhere in the Western hemisphere.
		The HPA issues annual seasonal advice to doctors every summer, reminding them about the symptoms of West Nile virus, and this year the reminders were sent out in early June.
	www.encephalitis.info /TheIllness/TypesEncephalitis/WestNile.html (879 words)

	West Nile Virus
		West Nile virus is part of a group of disease-bearing viruses called "flaviviruses," which cause yellow fever, dengue fever and Japanese encephalitis.
		West Nile virus is common in Africa, West Asia and the Middle East; however, in the summer of 1999, the eastern United States reported many cases of West Nile virus infection in humans.
		West Nile virus activity is constantly monitored at both a state and national level by studying disease occurrence in animals and humans.
	www.sutterhealth.org /health/hi_westnile.html (252 words)

	West Nile Virus Symptoms
		A: West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne virus that can cause encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) or meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord).
		A: West Nile virus is spread to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito.
		West Nile virus is not spread by person-to-person contact such as touching, kissing, or caring for someone who is infected.
	www.westnilefever.com /west_nile_virus_symptoms.htm (492 words)

	West Nile Virus
		West Nile encephalitis is an infection of the brain caused by West Nile virus, a flavivirus commonly found in Africa, West Asia, and the Middle East.
		West Nile encephalitis is NOT transmitted from person-to-person.
		West Nile virus is transmitted by infectious mosquitoes.
	edcp.org /html/wn.html (2231 words)

	West Nile virus
		West Nile virus was first isolated in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937 and was subsequently isolated from patients, birds, and mosquitoes in Egypt in the early 1950s.
		In Europe, West Nile virus circulation is confined to two basic types of cycles and ecosystems: rural cycle (wild, usually wetland birds and bird-biting mosquitoes) and urban cycle (domestic birds and mosquitoes feeding on both birds and humans).
		Circulation of West Nile fever in Europe is similar to that of St. Louis encephalitis in North America, where the rural cycle of wild birds alternates with the urban cycle of domestic birds.
	www.birds.cornell.edu /crows/westnile.htm (1924 words)

	West Nile virus
		West Nile virus is an arbovirus (short for arthropod-borne virus) that causes encephalitis (inflammation of the brain).
		West Nile virus was first identified in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937, and has since been found in other parts of Africa, Eastern Europe, West Asia, the Middle East, and the United States.
		West Nile virus is not transmitted directly from animal to person, person to animal, animal to animal or person to person; however, rare instances of transmission via organ transplantation, blood transfusion, transplacental infection, and breastfeeding have been reported.
	www.avma.org /communications/brochures/wnv/wnv_brochure.asp (903 words)

	WEST NILE VIRUS
		But since the fact that individuals can easily be cured of the West Nile virus with intravenous sodium ascorbate (just like with polio) will be kept secret from the public so that the profits of the drug industry will be protected, spraying may be a good idea.
		The West Nile Virus is going to kill many more people in the United States because they refuse to test the blood levels of vitamin C and then when they find the blood levels scorbutic, refuse to use massive doses of intravenous sodium ascorbate.
		Not that this article is directly related to West Nile Virus but I defy the doctors taking care of these patients dying of the encephalitis to measure the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels of ascorbate.
	www.orthomed.com /Nile.htm (5483 words)

	West Nile Virus
		West Nile is a virus that is spread by the Culex species of mosquito.
		West Nile virus is not transmitted from person to person.
		If the doctor suspects West Nile virus, a blood sample will be drawn and sent to a lab to determine if infection has occurred.
	www.kidshealth.org /parent/infections/bacterial_viral/west_nile.html (998 words)

	West Nile Virus
		West Nile Virus first appeared in the United States in the New York metropolitan area in the fall of 1999.
		West Nile Virus is commonly found in Africa, West and Central Asia, and the Middle East.
		West Nile Virus is amplified during periods of adult mosquito blood-feeding by continuous transmission between mosquito vectors and bird reservoir hosts.
	www.in.gov /isdh/westnile.htm (2239 words)

	West Nile Virus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The West Nile virus belongs to a group of viruses known as flaviviruses, commonly found in Africa, West Asia, Europe, and the Middle East.
		West Nile virus occurs in late summer and early fall in temperate zones, but can occur year round in southern climates.
		West Nile virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected female mosquito.
	www.healthsystem.virginia.edu /uvahealth/peds_infectious/westnile.cfm (1133 words)

	West Nile Virus -- familydoctor.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		West Nile virus is a virus that can infect humans, birds, horses and mosquitoes.
		West Nile virus is most often spread by mosquitoes.
		West Nile Virus in the United States: An Update on an Emerging Infectious Disease by GD.
	familydoctor.org /790.xml (844 words)

	West Nile Virus - Raptor Center at the University of Minnesota
		A: The West Nile virus belongs to a group of viruses known to cause encephalitis, a potentially fatal inflammation of the brain and spinal cord.
		The West Nile virus is known to affect horses, birds and humans.
		West Nile has been identified in 138 species of birds, with blue jays and crows seeming to be especially susceptible.
	www.raptor.cvm.umn.edu /raptor/news/healthtopics/westnile/home.html (677 words)

	West Nile Virus - Fairfax County, Virginia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		West Nile virus was first detected in Fairfax County in 2000 when a single crow was found to be infected.
		There were 13 human cases of West Nile virus with one fatality in Fairfax County in 2002, three human cases with no fatalities in 2003, and a single case, which was fatal, in 2004.
		The Fairfax County West Nile Surveillance Program aims to minimize the impact of mosquito-borne diseases through countywide surveillance measures together with an integrated approach to mosquito management and control practices which will be primarily targeting those species that have been shown to be the most probable vectors in the County.
	www.fairfaxcounty.gov /hd/westnile (222 words)

	West Nile Virus Website (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		West Nile virus was first detected in North America in 1999 in New York, and in Pennsylvania in 2000.
		West Nile virus cases in Pennsylvania occur primarily in the mid summer or early fall, although mosquito season is usually April-October.
		West Nile fever is a case of mild disease in people, characterized by flu-like symptoms.
	www.westnile.state.pa.us /health.htm (1305 words)

	[No title]
		West Nile Virus (WNV) has spread rapidly across the United States and Canada since its arrival in North America in 1999.
		The major tragedy of the West Nile Virus is not the virus itself--it has not spread to epidemic proportions like a number of other chronic diseases--but rather the damage that is being done to people and their young and unborn children through exposure to these toxic chemicals.
		The symptoms of pesticide poisoning in humans are similar to the rather vague symptoms of the West Nile Virus itself, which are inflammation of the brain, weakness and neuropathy (peripheral nerve damage), leading to symptoms such as numbness.
	www.mercola.com /2003/jun/14/pesticides_west_nile.htm (757 words)

	West Nile Fever spreading throughout US
		The disease is often called West Nile Fever, which is a generic term for a non-contagious illness exhibiting a variety of symptoms that range from mild flu-like aches and fever, sometimes accompanied by a rash, muscle weakness and malaise, to life-threatening infections of the brain (encephalitis) and its outer covering (meningitis).
		The West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne pathogen belonging to a family of viruses called flaviviridae (Genus Flavivirus).
		The West Nile virus was first isolated in 1937 by doctors testing a woman for African sleeping sickness in the West Nile district of Uganda.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2002/aug2002/nile-a23.shtml (946 words)

	Emerging Disease Issues - West Nile Virus
		West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne virus that primarily infects and multiplies in birds.
		West Nile virus was first discovered Uganda in 1937, and has recently spread beyond its traditional boundaries to Europe and the United States.
		West Nile Virus is carried by birds and is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito.
	www.michigan.gov /emergingdiseases/0,1607,7-186-25805---,00.html (269 words)

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