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Topic: Western Reform

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	Reform Party of Canada
		The Reform Party's major preoccupations, however, were with decentralizing and otherwise reducing the size, scope and cost of government, primarily by cuts to social welfare and cultural support programs (including bilingualism and multiculturalism) and firm opposition to Québec's demands for special status within Confederation.
		Reform failed to win a seat in the 1988 federal election, but its percentage of the electoral vote was encouraging, especially in Alberta.
		Reform's public appeal was further blunted by the adoption of fiscally conservative policies by the governing Liberals after 1993, a recovery in the Canadian economy, and a decline in public concern over constitutional issues following Québec's sovereignty referendum in 1995.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /PrinterFriendly.cfm?Params=A1ARTA0006737 (820 words)

	Archive \| March 1998 \| Reform's biggest salesman
		Reform, armed with a Quebec policy more in line with the rest of Canada than the Tories, is in a good position to grow.
		Reform however can now play more of a waiting game, on that front, allowing the Tories to self-destruct rather than compromising their own principles in merger talks.
		Reform now needs to focus efforts toward reaping the harvest of fellow conservatives in Ontario and the Maritime provinces who are likely to now be out shopping for a new political party after Jean Charest's latest decisions.
	www.enterstageright.com /archive/articles/0398reform.htm (575 words)

	Civil Service Systems in Comparative Perspective
		A superficial glance at current reform activities in the 'Western world' might easily give the impression that in the 1980s many countries, irrespective of their political and administrative systems, have embarked upon a similar type of public sector reform, some sooner, others later.
		Even if one takes a closer look at the various 'managerial' reform activities one quickly has to conclude that, while using the same concepts and principles, the amount of variation in public sector reform activities and approaches is considerably larger than schematic action-reaction schemes, where one 'modern' approach replaces another 'traditional' one, suggest.
		Even within the 'managerial category' of reforms, there are marked differences between the British (perhaps one should say: English) and continental approaches to reforms, apart from the similarities that exist in some (managerial) subcategories of analysis or subsectors of reform as well, such as quality control approaches.
	www.indiana.edu /~csrc/toonen1.html (3126 words)

	WATER REFORM
		As an important aspect of the reform process, the Commission is keen to work in partnership with local communities to establish policies and rules to suit local conditions.
		In Western Australia, the proposal is to encourage an evolving process of local autonomy which meets the overriding need to protect water in the environment.
		Managing Western Australia’s water resources for the benefit of present and future generations by protecting the environment is a key responsibility for the Water and Rivers Commission.
	www.wrc.wa.gov.au /water_reform/WR_Newsletter_Dec/WR_Newsletter_December.htm (2245 words)

	Reform conversion to Judaism \| www.somethingjewish.co.uk
		The Reform Synagogues of Great Britain affirms the traditional Jewish teaching that a Jew is the child of a Jewish mother, or is a person who has converted to Judaism.
		Sadly, despite the fact that the Reform Beit Din demands all the traditional requirements for conversion to Judaism, they are not accepted as Jews by Orthodox authorities in the Diaspora.
		In Israel, Reform converts are accepted as Jewish by the State for purposes of immigration and citizenship, but they are not accepted as Jews by Israel's Orthodox Rabbinate.
	www.somethingjewish.co.uk /articles/320_reform_conversion_to.htm (1058 words)

	Reform Party of Canada - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The party was the brainchild of a group of discontented Western interest groups who were upset with the PC government and the lack of a voice for Western concerns at the national level.
		While the Reform Party had similar views to APEC's on official bilingualism and the role of Quebec in the confederation, the reasons for the racist Heritage Front's endorsement were less direct.
		Reform disbanded on March 27, 2000 and was folded into the Alliance.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Reform_Party_of_Canada (1864 words)

	A Flat-Out Winner for Tax Reform
		The right was disappointed that its proposals were so timid, and the left was critical because the report highlighted the damaging impact of high tax rates on work, saving and investment.
		Western European politicians have cast a wary eye on this tax revolution.
		But tax reform in Eastern Europe is a clear success, and the United States can learn from what other nations have accomplished.
	www.heritage.org /Press/Commentary/ed122305a.cfm (816 words)

	Civil Service Systems in Comparative Perspective
		The association of reforms to persons is hardly surprising in a situation where media increasingly try to simplify politics to personal matters and effectively carrying through a government reform contributes almost as much to the 'greatness' and prestige of this leadership as the successful completion of a legislative programma does.
		In several cases the 'leadership of reform' had therefore to be sought outside government with politics in the followers role; a taxpayers revolt, civic protest, a popular judge.
		Many of the reforms in the public sector over the past decades are the mirror image of the way in which the growth of the public sector in the 1960s and 1970s was brought about: incrementally, step by step and gradually inflating the volume of activities carried out by public institutions.
	www.indiana.edu /~csrc/toonen7.html (3669 words)

	THE IMPACT OF CHINA'S REFORM
		It differs from the general reforms in two major ways; it exempts Tibetan farmers and nomads from all taxes until at least 1990, and it empowers the TAR to reject or modify central government laws that conflict with traditional Tibetan culture.
		It began in Phala in the fall of 1981 when the commune was dissolved and all the commune's animals were divided equally among the nomads, regardless of age or sex.
		The post-1980 reforms created conditions whereby the nomadic pastoralists of Phala were able to regain control of their lives and recreate a matrix of values, norms, and beliefs that is psychologically and culturally meaningful.
	www.case.edu /affil/tibet/booksAndPapers/Impact_China_Reform_Policy.htm (8840 words)

	Reform Party of Canada fonds
		The Reform Party of Canada was born out of a sense of frustration and disillusionment amongst a coalition of western Canadian businessmen and interest groups with what they regarded as the federal Progressive Conservative Party’s disregard for the West’s contributions to the political and economic well being of the country.
		In May 1987 the newly established Reform Association of Canada organised the “Western Assembly on Canada’s Economic and Political Future” in Vancouver to air a reform agenda and to discuss the establishment of a new political party.
		On March 25, 2000 members of the Reform Party voted 92% in favour of dissolving their party and adopting the constitution of the new political party, and the Canadian Alliance was born.
	www.ucalgary.ca /archives/FondLevelDescriptions/Reform.htm (979 words)

	NATO REVIEW 9502-8
		Reform is also a socially sensitive issue as redeployment will affect soldiers' families and their abilities to find new jobs.
		n the short to medium term, the continuation of reforms in the military and economic sectors hinges on the ability of the new government to subordinate partisan politics to the creation of democratic consensus and get on with the business of government in legislating and implementing structural economic reform.
		Western governments should be prepared to offer economic and technical assistance in support of this effort.
	www.nato.int /docu/review/1995/9502-8.htm (2445 words)

	The Reform Club: Western Europe At The Barricades
		Western Europe needs to assert its traditions and liberties, but, more importantly, it should insist that its basic ideas are imbibed by all citizens.
		It is strange, though, that even though the nations of the Enlightenment and the Reformation, that's to say northern Europe, took the lead in the last 500 years, it's the backward old Catholic nations, (Spain, Portugal, Italy, eastern Europe) that are least in crisis.
		The Reform Club is a place where serious thinkers discuss crucial issues in a comfortable setting, with the maximum amount of wisdom, intellectual passion, and civility.
	reformclub.blogspot.com /2006/06/western-europe-at-barricades.html (1949 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Opinion \| Inside out (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It was only natural, and expected, that the Western reform offensive meet a vehement outcry from Arab capitals, with the exception of those that have received the official certificate of approval stamped by Bush personally.
		The Western perception, conveyed to Arab officials, was that these governments should make clear pledges to their peoples and their organs of civil society to institute a number of political reforms.
		Moreover, he stated, it would be in the interests of the reform project that Arab governments have the right to claim that the reforms are domestically motivated and that the project is the continuation of a reform process that has been in effect ever since this or that government came into power.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2004/684/op14.htm (1424 words)

	Immigration reform is up to Senate
		Western governors strongly urge the Senate to avoid fractious debate and find the middle ground on this critical piece of legislation that a majority of U.S. citizens are demanding.
		The Western Governors' Association has offered a solid framework that includes increased border security, employment-based visas, a temporary guest worker program and state reimbursement for enforcement.
		Western governors call on Congress -- Republican and Democrat -- to not delay and come together to enact immigration reform that will restore our respect for the rule of law and our rich immigrant heritage while preparing our economy and work force for a changing world.
	seattlepi.nwsource.com /opinion/267826_immig25.html (636 words)

	Bosnia-Hercegovina and the failure of reform in Austria-Hungary
		Lecture 11 showed that reform efforts lagged and ultimately failed in the Ottoman Empire, because Ottoman leaders too often regarded reformers as outsiders usurping the power of the proper Turkish authorities.
		Given a chance to apply these Western notions in southeastern Europe, the Habsburg state in theory should have rapidly demonstrated the value of reform and the power of "modern" Western society to solve problems of Balkan backwardness.
		Sadly, the failure to meet reform goals was a result of greed, jealousy and petty politics, not inadequate national resources.
	www.lib.msu.edu /sowards/balkan/lect12.htm (3977 words)

	Western Growers Joins President's Call for Immigration Reform
		While immediate blanket amnesty is not desirable, reform must also include provisions to allow for incentives to encourage workers to register for a guest worker program, such as is found in the AgJobs legislation.
		Western Growers and our members throughout the agriculture industry pledge to do all we can to help solve the immigration crisis." Tom Nassif, President and CEO of Western Growers, is the former United States ambassador to Morocco.
		Western Growers is an agricultural trade association whose 3,000 members grow, pack and ship 90 percent of the fresh vegetables and nearly 70 percent of the fresh fruit and nuts grown in Arizona and California, about one-half of the nation's fresh produce.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/02-03-2005/0002947614&EDATE= (489 words)

	Arab and American Think Tanks: New Possibilities for Cooperation? New Engines for Reform? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		While the United States and other Western powers have developed reform initiatives on their own, such as the Greater Middle East Initiative and the Middle East Partnership Initiative, the Arab world has, internally, also begun to place a high priority on reform, evident in such documents as the Sanaa Declaration and the Alexandria Declaration.
		With reform on the minds of both Western and Arab scholars, policymakers, and government officials alike, now is the time to examine the role of Arab civil society organizations, and think tanks in particular, as a catalyst for reform.
		Thus, with the current surge of Western reform initiatives, an opportunity has blossomed that can empower the Arab world's research institutions, which have long suffered from 1 Amy Hawthorne,"Middle East Democracy: Is Civil Society the Answer?" Carnegie Papers 44, (March 2004).
	www.brookings.edu /fp/research/projects/islam/ibrahim20041001.htm (656 words)

	FrontPage magazine.com :: Symposium: The Islamic Reformation? by Jamie Glazov
		The key to Islamic reformation is the promotion of secularism which will lead to the rationalism that is, unfortunately, rejected by most Muslims today.
		These visionary people or groups are not considered exciting or representative enough to merit coverage by the Western media and instead the western media general focus their attention on the Muslim groups who are part of the problem rather than the solution.
		The more that reform groups succeed in getting their message to other Muslims the more likely they are to inspire passionate discussion among Muslims and provide moderate Muslims the opportunity to join them.
	www.frontpagemag.com /Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=14639 (4119 words)

	Department of Treasury and Finance - Government Procurement
		The Western Australian general government sector spends over $5 billion a year on goods, services, facilities management and major capital works. This expenditure is essential to the delivery of services to the public.
		Procurement Reform is part of a wider platform of public sector reform stemming from the recommendations of the Government's Functional Review Taskforce, kicked off by the then Premier with this media statement in early January 2003.
		A more detailed assessment of the Procurement Reform’s performance, in terms of the quantifiable and qualitative benefits stemming from the various reform initiatives, is provided by the 2004-05 Procurement Reform Benefits Realisation Report / Summary Report.
	www.dtf.wa.gov.au /cms/pro_content.asp?id=792 (416 words)

	Structural reform of public monopolies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Such reform involves splitting the monopoly (or parts of it) into smaller entities, including separating the competitive or potentially competitive elements from the monopoly elements.
		The establishment of the independent regulator is consistent with Western Australia’s obligations under the CPA clause 4(2) which requires a government to remove responsibilities for industry regulation from a public monopoly before introducing competition to a sector traditionally supplied by the monopoly.
		In relation to the structural reform obligation under CPA clause 4, the committee found that the Act does not clearly separate the regulatory and commercial functions of AWB Limited (the former Australian Wheat Board).
	www.ncc.gov.au /ast6/Ch3Struc.html (1561 words)

	WATER REFORM
		The water reform project is a major initiative of the Water and Rivers Commission.
		The Commission is adamant that national reform will only be implemented in a way that is good for Western Australia, for the people and the water resources.
		The goal of such reform is, in accordance with the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) undertakings on water reform, to "achieve the highest and best value of the limited resource for community benefit while ensuring that use of the resource is ecologically sustainable".
	www.wrc.wa.gov.au /water_reform/WR_Newsletter_April/WR_Newsletter_April.htm (1967 words)

	European Dawn: After the Social Model
		Is Western Europe doomed to unemployment, low growth, dependency on the state, riots – and hence irrelevance in the long run?
		The need for reforms away from that model, that decrease the size of the state, is strong.
		Munkhammar compiles a thorough case for reform, and reform is coming, not least in Eastern and Central Europe.
	www.heritage.org /Press/Events/ev021506c.cfm (188 words)

	Cliff Fryers
		Fryers became involved with the Western Reform Association at its inception in the late 1980s.
		When the Reform Party emerged from the Association's Western Assembly on Canada's Economic and Political Future in 1987, he became President and CEO of Reform Fund Canada, the business agent of the Party.
		Fryers served as Chairman of the Reform Party's campaign activities during the 1993 and the 1997 federal elections as well as organizing the campaigns during the 1992 Charlottetown Referendum and the 1995 Quebec Separation Referendum.
	www.ucalgary.ca /archives/FondLevelDescriptions/Fryers.htm (537 words)

	YRL Exhibits Committee Archives -- Calendar Reform in Western Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Presenting one aspect of the complex, ongoing history of the calendar used in Western Europe, the exhibit examines the calendar as developed during the Roman republic, refined by Julius Caesar, critiqued during the intervening centuries, and reformed by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582.
		In fact, in one European outpost the calendar has still not been reformed: Foula, one of the Shetland Islands off Scotland's far northern coast, continues to use the Julian calendar to this day.
		The exhibit is scheduled to coincide with "Calendar Reform and Religious Reformation," a conference organized by the UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies on January 24 and 25.
	www.library.ucla.edu /libraries/yrl/urlexhibits/archives/Calendar.htm (168 words)

	Western Reformed Buddhism? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Second, many aspects of Buddhism attractive to Westerners are in fact Western in derivation, the result of Victorian-era reformist activities among Sri Lankans and later modifications of both Zen and Tibetan traditions.
		It is at this point many Western Buddhists simply drop out, or continue their personal practice while withdrawing from active participation in a practice group.
		It was in response to these trends that Western Reformed Buddhism began to emerge as the natural response of a modern culture to generate a responsible Western Buddhist movement that could maintain and further Buddhist wisdom and practice without exclusive reliance on one Asian tradition or another.
	www.thinkaboutit.org /western.htm (413 words)

	The Oxford Review - 1998 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This reformation, or quest for better things, however, was characterized by a desire to reclaim the glory of the medieval time period and a desire to follow the example set by the greatest and most religious medieval thinkers (19).
		The relationship between the Church and the rest of the monarchs of Western Europe also showed the growing weakness of the Church.
		Throughout all of western Europe the Pope was losing power over such events as the right to maintain the exemption of ecclesiastical estates from taxes and the right to hear appeals with no interference (26).
	www.emory.edu /OXFORD/Publications/Review/reform.html (1758 words)

	European Observatory... - The Western European Experience with Health Care Reform
		National policymakers in most Western European countries typically go to great lengths to assure the citizenry that proposed reforms or new measures will sustain and enhance rather than damage solidarity.
		Not surprisingly, in Western Europe, strong accountability of health care insurers and providers to the public sector is seen as a good thing.
		What is intriguing about the current period is the extent to which complex cross-boundary relationships are increasingly appearing in a number of European health care systems. Policymakers are pursuing these in an effort to generate social not private entrepreneurialism (Busse et al., 2002).
	www.euro.who.int /observatory/Studies/20021223_2 (1240 words)

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