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Topic: Western White Pine

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Pine

Limber Pine

Whitebark Pine

Chihuahua White Pine

Pinus

Sugar pine

Mexican white pine

Hainan White Pine

Table Mountain Pine

Macedonian Pine

Eastern White Pine

Lodgepole Pine

Jack Pine

Jeffrey Pine

	Tree Book - Western white pine
		It is commonly found in the drier parts of Vancouver Island, the adjacent mainland coast and in the wetter parts of the southern Interior, particularly at low elevations.
		Western white pine thrives in a variety of environments, ranging from peat bogs to dry, sandy, or rocky soil.
		Western white pine is susceptible to white pine blister rust, which causes portions of the tree to turn an orangey-brown colour and die.
	www.for.gov.bc.ca /hfd/library/documents/treebook/westernwhitepine.htm (294 words)

	White Pine Blister Rust
		White pine blister rust is probably the most destructive disease of five-needle (white) pines in North America.
		Harvest of western white pine increased at a rapid pace after blister rust was discovered in the Pacific Northwest and preferential logging of white pine left residual stands of shade-tolerant species such as western hemlock and grand fir that replaced the white pine.
		White pine regeneration was further impeded by aggressive fire management, which eliminated fire as an ecological factor favorable to establishing white pine.
	www.plantmanagementnetwork.org /pub/php/management/whitepine (2498 words)

	56. Western White Pine
		Eastern white pines, and an Austrian fl pine.
		Western white pine, compared to its eastern cousin, is narrower, darker, has chunkier bark, larger cones, and stiffer needles, more blue-green in color.
		Most large white pines seen on campus are eastern, although the western is native here.
	www.washington.edu /home/treetour/wwpine.html (125 words)

	White Pine Weevil
		The white pine weevil, native to North America, is a very serious pest of white pines in the forest and can also stunt and disfigure trees grown for ornamental purposes.
		The adult white pine weevils are reddish-brown snout beetles about a quarter-inch long which are marked irregularly with patches of brown and white scales.
		One alternative for preventive pruning is to avoid planting white pine or spruce in areas of high weevil hazard.
	www.uri.edu /ce/factsheets/sheets/whitepineweevil.html (845 words)

	SinLur Gardens: Pinus monticola
		The loss of white pines, & its supplanting by the much more shallowly rooted & less fire resistant western cedars, & western hemlocks, & Douglas firs, has lent to the problem of savage forest fires & has facilitated the spread of tree pests & diseases that assault weakened forests.
		White Pines were once very common around Puget Sound, but after blister rust arrived in the Northwest via Canada, the Puget Sound populations were by 1923 the second group to become infected.
		White pines grow to 175 feet with trunks five to eight feet in diameter.
	www.paghat.com /whitepine.html (731 words)

	TNC Invasive Species Initiative page
		White pine blister rust is a disease that rivals chestnut blight for impact on North American ecosystems.
		Limber pine is a five-needle pine species that is not commonly harvested for timber or pulp, but it is a common component of western forest ecosystems.
		Whitebark pine occupies a critical niche in western ecosystems by producing large seeds that are extremely nutritious and important in food chains of 110 animals.
	tncweeds.ucdavis.edu /products/gallery/crori1.html (931 words)

	Washington State Department of Natural Resources:
		White pine blister rust is the most destructive disease of 5-needle (white) pines in North America.
		White pine blister rust causes cankers on branches and eventually the main stem of infected pines.
		White pine blister rust has been slower to spread into these areas, but widespread infection is now occurring.
	www.dnr.wa.gov /htdocs/rp/forhealth/2003fhhighlights/fhwpbrinter.html (335 words)

	Cronartium ribicola, the white pine blister rust
		White pine blister rust is now widely found in northeastern United States, the Lake States, and the West.
		This description of early efforts to fight the blister rust and protect white pine (Pinus monticola) is from Neuenschwander et al.
		Because host eradication had worked with pines in the Eastern United States, and scientists were similarly fighting fl stem rust successfully in wheat, the natural choice for curing western white pine of blister rust was eradication of host shrubs.
	www.conifers.org /pi/pin/blstrust.htm (1333 words)

	NABF Newsletter #5 - White Pines
		The European white pines have immunity to the rust since they co-evolved with the fungus, and although they become infected they are not killed.
		The fungus attacks white pines of all species and once they are infected they usually succumb to the infection.
		White pines vary in their susceptibility to the disease, and even in areas where nearly all the pines are dead there are some individuals that appear not to be infected.
	www.bonsai-wbff.org /nabf/newsletter5/whitepine.htm (1358 words)

	White Pine Blister Rust Meeting - Abstracts
		Western white pine is a desirable component in many forested areas in southern regions of BC because of its faster growth and much higher value compared to many other associated tree species, and lower susceptibility to infection by Armillaria ostoyae.
		White pine blister rust was found on all transects that had whitebark pine.
		For example, major gene resistance in sugar pine is not affected by the gene for virulence to a major gene for resistance in western white pine, and vice versa.
	www.ars-grin.gov /cor/wpbrmeet/abstracts.html (6794 words)

	Trees of Idaho Forest: Western White Pine
		White pine forests of 200 or more years of age were common, but so were newly regenerated small trees and shrubs resulting from recent bums, as were forests of an intermediate age.
		Blister rust is a fungus that was imported in 1910 on French white pine ornamental shrubs.
		With a preference for deep, porous soils and gentle slopes, the western white pine grows rapidly, attaining heights of 175 feet and trunk diameters from 5 to 8 feet.
	www.idahoforests.org /whitpine.htm (859 words)

	Betula spp
		Distribution: Western white pine is native to the mountains ffrom northwestern Montana, extreme southwestern Alberta and southern British Columbia, south to Washington, Oregon and California through the Sierra Nevada to western Nevada and central California.
		The Tree: Western white pine trees reach heights of 180 feet, with a clear bole for 70 to 100 feet and diameters of 3.5 feet.
		General Wood Characteristics: The sapwood of western white pine is nearly white to pale yellow, while the heartwood is cream to light reddish brown and may turn darker upon exposure.
	www2.fpl.fs.fed.us /TechSheets/SoftwoodNA/htmlDocs/pinusmonticola.html (478 words)

	Idaho Symbols, Tree: Western White Pine - SHG Resources
		The Western White Pine, the state tree, is probably most notable since the largest remaining volume of this timber in the United States grows in the northern part of Idaho.
		The Western White Pine is probably most notable since the largest remaining volume of this timber in the United States grows in the northern part of Idaho.
		Western white pine grows rapidly to a large size; one of the largest standing trees measures 200 cm (78.6 in) in d.b.h.
	www.shgresources.com /id/symbols/tree (608 words)

	Cypress Woodworks-Western white pine
		Western white pine is reported to mature into a large to very large tree with a straight trunk.
		The sapwood is nearly white to pale yellowish white, and is narrow to medium in width.
		The wood is reported to be similar to Eastern white pine in appearance.
	www.cypresswoodworks.com /Western_white_pine.html (537 words)

	white pine
		A great part of the White pine area of the Inland is included in forest reserves and under federal control, and it is here that nature with the aid of man’s intelligence will grow and is growing new forests from tiny seeds.
		White pine was not a good mine timber, and red fir, tamarack and even hemlock were selected for the miners use.
		Much litigation and heartbreak resulted and some killings are on record; yet on the whole the white pine squatters were a peaceful bunch of the Nordic strain and carried their troubles with fortitude.
	dvautier.home.comcast.net /family/jeorouark/whitepine.htm (856 words)

	Forest Pathology - White Pine Blister Rust
		Most taxonomic arrangements break these into two groups, although the fungus seems to disagree with that taxonomy: subgenus Strobus (the white or soft pines, all of which have 5 needles per fascicle) and subgenus Ducampopinus (the piñon, lacebark and foxtail pines; the 5-needle members are two species of bristlecone pine and foxtail pine).
		White pine blister rust is the only stem rust of white pines in North America.
		White pine blister rust is apparently native to Asia.
	www.forestpathology.org /dis_wpbr.html (2258 words)

	DGRC - Program to Develop White Pine Blister Rust Resistance in Oregon and Washington (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		White pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) is an exotic disease to North America that affects all five-needle pines (such as sugar pine, western white pine, and whitebark pine).
		The five-needle pines of North America are among the most susceptible white pines to this disease.
		Common garden studies have helped identify patterns of genetic variation in sugar pine and western white pine and are used as a primary basis for delineation of breeding zones.
	www.fs.fed.us /r6/dorena/rust/index.shtml (434 words)

	Western White Pine
		Western White Pine is also known as Silver Pine
		Western White Pine is susceptible to white pine blister rust which turns parts of the tree an orangey colour and kills it
		Western White Pine is found in drier parts of Vancouver Island, southern mainland coast, wetter areas in the southern Interior
	www.bcadventure.com /adventure/wilderness/forest/westwhite.htm (129 words)

	Idaho State Tree White Pine Pinus monticola
		In 1935, legislation was sponsored to adopt the western white pine, referred to only as the "white pine" at the time, as the state's official state tree.
		The White Pine (Pinus Monticolae) is hereby designated and declared to be the state tree of the state of Idaho.
		Bosworth captures the ineffable grace and dignity of trees with clarity and directness: the green ash that shades a midwestern crossroads, the common pear that blooms in a Washington field, and the Florida strangler fig with its mass of entwining aerial roots.
	www.netstate.com /states/symb/trees/id_white_pine.htm (781 words)

	Nearctica - Native Conifers of North America - Pinus monticola
		However the cones of Sugar Pine are nearly twice as long as those of Western White Pine (5-11 inches in Western White Pine versus 11-18 inches in Sugar Pine).
		The needles of Western White Pine lack white stripes on their dorsal surface, but these lines are present in Sugar Pine.
		In the interior, Western White Pine grows from latitude 52° 30' N. near Quesnel Lake, British Columbia, southward through the Selkirk Mountains of eastern Washington and northern Idaho, and into the Bitterroot Mountains in western Montana.
	www.nearctica.com /trees/conifer/pinus/Pmontic.htm (473 words)

	Forest Health - White Pine Blister Rust - WSU - NRS EXT
		On the pine in spring, pycnial spores give rise to aecial spores, which may fly 400 to 800 miles to infect the leaves of Ribes plants.
		Impact: White pine blister rust was introduced in the east from Europe between 1898 and 1908, although the disease is believed to have originated in Asia.
		Blister rust resistant western white pine is a good choice for replanting root disease centers and for incorporation in mixed-species stands.
	ext.nrs.wsu.edu /forestryext/foresthealth/notes/whitepinerust.htm (880 words)

	Western White Pine
		This is a slender Pine found in the west and grows to a height of 90 to 100 feet with a trunk diameter of about 4 feet.
		The Western White Pine is found west of the Rocky Mountains, from British Columbia to California.
		This Pine live to be 200 to 500 years old.
	bio.bd.psu.edu /plant_web/Pinaceae/Western_White_Pine.html (102 words)

	Forest Health Conditions in Idaho (Part 6)
		Western white pine, also a desirable timber species, has been reduced primarily by the introduction of the exotic white pine blister rust fungus in the region in the early 1900s.
		Figure 3(b) depicts the same data in a different way, and shows that growing stock volumes of both western white pine and ponderosa pine have declined by almost 2 billion cubic feet from 1952 to 1987.
		Western white pine and ponderosa pine together have declined by almost 4 billion cubic feet, while true firs and Douglas-fir have increased by a like amount.
	www.uidaho.edu /cfwr/pag/pag11es6.html (1911 words)

	Coniferous Species
		The Western White Pine ranges in height from 120 to 180 feet.
		This species is suseptible to white pine blister rust.
		The large cone shown on the left side of the photo is a Western White Pine cone.
	biology.uoregon.edu /reference/treeid/whitepine.html (116 words)

	eNature: FieldGuides: Species Detail
		Discussion An important timber tree, Western White Pine is also a leading match wood, because of its uniformly high grade without knots, twisted grain or discoloration.
		It is one of the world's largest pines; the champion near Medford, Oregon, is 239' (72.8 m) tall.
		White pine blister rust, caused by an introduced fungus (Cronartium ribicola), is a serious disease of this and other 5-needle white pines; a resistant strain is being developed.
	www.enature.com /fieldguides/detail.asp?recnum=TS0044 (205 words)

	White Pine Blister Rust
		White pine blister rust, a rust native to Eurasia, was inadvertently introduced to western North America in 1910.
		Since then, the proportion of western white pine and whitebark pine has been reduced dramatically.
		Both western white pine and whitebark pine are keystone species for ecosystem health and sustainability.
	forest.moscowfsl.wsu.edu /gems/rust.html (162 words)

	Western White Pine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The western white pine was named by David Douglas in 1831 while on a journey exploring the west coast of North America.
		The western white pine thrives on a variety of soils, but grows best in moist valleys and on gentle slopes.
		It is commonly called a soft pine because its wood is soft.
	www.domtar.com /arbre/english/p_piarg.htm (148 words)

	Trees of Yosemite (1932, 1948), “Western White Pine,” by Mary Curry Tresidder
		It grows on mountainsides from 7,800 to 9,500 feet in altitude, marching with Lodgepole Pine and Red Fir; in its upper range, it touches shoulders with Mountain Hemlock and, occasionally, with White Bark Pine, while the Sierra Juniper is a neighbor of the rocks.
		In open country such as the shores of Lake Washburn, it is a tall and stately guardian of the shining waters, a tree of eighty to one hundred feet in height and from two to four feet in diameter of the trunk.
		As it is one of our three White Pines, the needles are five in a bundle; they are bluish-green in color, and rather shorter than those of the Sugar Pine.
	www.yosemite.ca.us /library/trees_of_yosemite/western_white_pine.html (438 words)

	Western White Pine
		Western White Pine is usually very regular in crowded forest conditions, conical, 90-180 ft., with all branches short.
		If in an open area, the tree tends to be shorter and very irregularly branched, with very long branches extending far beyond the others.
		This species is threatened by logging and is susceptible to pine blister rust.
	signsofdissent.com /webbedfeet/tree/westernwhite.html (222 words)

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