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Topic: Westphalian

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Southern Low Saxon Westphalian

In the News (Thu 16 Feb 12)

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	Equiworld - Equestrian Information - Westphalian - horses and ponies on the internet
		In 1826 the state stud ("Landgestuet") at Warendorf was founded, and in March 1904 in Muenster the Westphalian Breed Registry opened.
		Well-known Westphalian horses were the showjumper "Rasputin", the military horse "Sioux" and the dressage horse "Mariano" (not to forget "Rembrandt" - LM).
		The exterior of the Westphalian is similar to the Hanoverian.
	www.equiworld.net /uk/horsecare/Breeds/westphalian (489 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Effects of Past Global Change on Life (1995)
		The transition from the Westphalian A to the Westphalian B was marked by changes in the dominance-diversity composition of swamps.
		Late Westphalian D coal swamps represent a return to the basic habitat organization characteristic of the Westphalian A: flooded habitats dominated by monocarpic lycopsids, ecotonal habitats dominated by the lycopsid Paralycopodites and medullosans, and cryptic disturbance habitats dominated by polycarpic lycopsids with structurally complex vegetation.
		The reassembly of the Westphalian A type of swamp habitat organization is modified by the persistence and further expansion of tree ferns as interstitial opportunists.
	www.nap.edu /books/0309051274/html/134.html (12503 words)

	Flit(tm): Do Islamists Understand Westphalianism?
		However, this Guardian article leads me away from that conclusion to the disturbing idea that what we have is WW I redux, a system that is poorly understood by all major participants.
		If Hizb and the rest of the Islamists have stumbled into their westphalian safe havens by accident, completely misunderstanding the nature of what's safe and what's not, we're in a load of trouble because, by accident, they will trigger a pre-westphalian explosion, just as they have done so in miniature in the Netherlands.
		For any serious effort at post-westphalian progress, adjusting the westphalian system to eliminate the safe-havens of sub-national groups trying to monkeywrench the entire system, this prospect has to be considered an alarming one.
	www.snappingturtle.net /jmc/tmblog/archives/005020.html (641 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Westphalia
		He was not, however, able to carry out his desire, although Westphalian folk-lore has stories of the preaching of Boniface and even of his founding of churches.
		The strong religious feeling ofthe medieval Westphalians is shown by the large number of ecclesiastical institutions dependent upon the charity of the people.
		The Westphalian Hermann von dem Busche was one of the greatest wanderers among the itinerant humanistic teachers.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/15601b.htm (3532 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Territoriality is a defining attribute of the Westphalian state, the model upon which the framers of the US Constitution based their aspirations for a new nation.
		Jurisdictional concepts in turn flow from territory; as Holmes famously stated, “the foundation of jurisdiction is physical power.” Westphalian territorial sovereignty became supreme in Europe throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, and spread slowly and unevenly to the rest of the globe.
		This set of beliefs was consistent with the prevailing 19th century Westphalian vision which took territoriality seriously, accepted conquest as legitimate, and paid obeisance to the notion that one sovereign's laws could not intrude in the space of another.
	www.law.georgetown.edu /LegalTheory/documents/Territoriality.doc (10965 words)

	Westphalia II: The Real Millennium Challenge
		From a Westphalian point of view the period 1815-1914 was a century of peace in spite of the limited local duels.
		In a Westphalian War unconditional surrender or capitulation is the proper way of legally transferring sovereignty from the vanquished to the victor.
		A Westphalian War is a clash of sovereign countries according to certain rules such as formal declarations of wars, treatment of prisoners etc. The post-war conflicts have been largely, either subnational civil wars or global struggles between special interest groups.
	www.paricenter.com /library/papers/valaskakis01.php (7950 words)

	Flit(tm): Serious Post-Westphalianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		One of the consequences of post-westphalianism is that by the breakdown of the westphalian limitations, there are an awful lot of things that we now have to keep track of that we don't have to under the westphalian rules.
		Westphalian rule sets permit you to create a fl box called a country and you have very limited things you have to track.
		Thus in westphalian foreign policy, we trust that the government of Iran will not permit a fatwa that is not official government policy to exceed the borders of Iran.
	www.snappingturtle.net /jmc/tmblog/archives/004496.html (309 words)

	State \| Topic Definition \| Find the Meaning and Define the Answer of State
		The "state" can also be defined in terms of domestic conditions, specifically the monopolization of the legitimate use of force within a country.
		The word "state" in contemporary parlance often means the "Westphalian state," in reference to the Peace of Westphalia of 1648.
		A number of modern commentators have claimed the decline of the Westphalian state as the principal actor of the international system, pointing to economic, cultural, political, and technological changes in the world, such as globalization and the emergence of regional and supernational groupings such as the European Union.
	www.thefreeencyclopedia.com /definition/word.aspx?w=State (1834 words)

	BrothersJudd Blog: WESTPHAILURE:
		In fact, and contrary to the Westphalian system, the formation of the United States affirmed a new principle from which government derives legitimacy: the inalienable rights of the individual human being, including the inalienable right to be governed by their consent.
		The assertion of this new legitimizing principle is evident from the Declaration of Independence through the entire process of ratifying the Constitution, in the course of the Federalist debates and in the evolution of the Supreme Court under Justice John Marshall.
		While the Westphalian system is strictly and absolutely agnostic on the matter of legitimizing principle - in order to give primacy to the principle of sovereignty of the State - the founding of the American republic asserts the supremacy of its legitimizing principle (inalienable rights of the people) over the sovereignty of the State.
	www.brothersjudd.com /blog/archives/008644.html (511 words)

	Dressage un Ltd, Unlimited Dressage, Warendorf Stallion Parade
		Westphalians are bred first for temperament, then for a small head, a good trot, versatility in dressage, driving and jumping, and as international competition and personal riding horses.
		Six 3-year-old Westphalian stallions were selected for the state stud farm from 40 colts approved to be stallions out of the 2,500 colts born in 1994.
		The Westphalian stallions at Warendorf breed from 40 to 200 mares each season at the state stud farm and at 28 outlying stallion stations.
	www.dressageunltd.com /international/WarenS3.htm (569 words)

	Palaeozoic Forests
		A further problem is that the Westphalian and Stephanian have been defined in different types of basins; the Westphalian in a so-called paralic basin and the Stephanian in an intramontane basin.
		In the Westphalian this area was still in an equatorial position, by the end of the Permian it had reached a position of approx.
		In the Westphalian the marine influences diminished and the youngest marine intercalations are known from the Stephanian.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/kerp/ewald2.html (1334 words)

	Centro de Estudiso Hemisféricos Alexis de Tocqueville (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In the Westphalian system, it was the ruler of the nation-state, regardless of whether he or she was a monarch, a military dictator, a dear leader,or embodied in an oligarchy, an aristocracy, or a parliament.
		With this, the American subversion of the Westphalian system commenced – passively and by distant example for the first century, somewhat more actively towards the end of the nineteenth and into the twentieth century, and beginning to mobilize for more energetic subversion now.
		This is the Westphalian proposal for a post-Westphalian response to the American challenge of constitutionalism: subordinate national constitutions to international treaty law.
	www.centrotocqueville.org.ar /htm/htm/nab/nb10050401in.htm (4177 words)

	NGO
		The Westphalian system is characterized by inflexible versions of sovereignty which block responsibility for humanitarian issues beyond state borders, and focus on state sovereignty and interests in a narrow sense, providing little space in which actors, official or private, could address the roots of conflict.
		This paper argues that it is in this late Westphalian context, via their focus on human security derived from a world view provided by conflict resolution approaches, that NGOs derive increasing levels of legitimacy, at both the local and global level.
		Enemy images are deconstructed in the context of a global set of common needs or norms, the suppression of which provides a significant imperative for conflict and which are therefore a serious obstacle to conflict management and a reduction of tensions.
	www.class.uidaho.edu /martin_archives/conflict_journal/ngo.htm (7732 words)

	course_notes_30_jan_2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Although the state has many definitions, in international relations it is usually equated with the Westphalian model of a sovereign territorial entity enjoying a monopoly of authority within and legal equality without.
		Generalizing from the Westphalian model conveys the appearance of a world divided into neat territorial compartments, each governed by a single set of authorities who command the exclusive loyalties of those residing within these boundaries.
		IN this case, commitment to the westphalian ideal is a ritual of power, and this affects politics, in such a way that there is a general disquiet about uncertainty, about ambiguity, and this is why things like terrorism are so dangerous.
	www.public.asu.edu /~truback/course_notes_30_jan_2003.html (2135 words)

	[No title]
		The Westphalian state system is often presented as a model of self-interested competitive behavior among states but a real understanding of the state system must be based on its history.
		In some sense the high point of the Westphalian state system in Europe was reached in World War I when European states, none of which actually wanted to go to war, each mobilized to counterbalance what each saw as a threat to the balance of power.
		From the beginnings of the Westphalian order in 1648, to its culmination in World War I and until its end in 1945, strategic considerations constituted a key element of warfare and a major aspect of treaty settlements.
	www.iisg.nl /research/hanagan.doc (7576 words)

	Enlargement and the Finality of European Integration
		A contrast to this Westphalian model is provided by a neo-medieval model in which the borders are soft and never fixed, authority is dispersed, and multiple cultural identities co-exist.
		If the core group of the EU is serious about constructing a Westphalian type of state, it will also need to provide an overlap between different the types of borders, frontiers, fringes and triads.
		In short, the instruments of a Westphalian type of state are no longer available to contemporary territorial units.
	www.jeanmonnetprogram.org /papers/00/00f0801-02.html (1878 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Learning from SARS: Preparing for the Next Disease Outbreak -- Workshop Summary (2004)
		The key principle of the Westphalian structure is sovereignty (Brownlie, 1998; Scholte, 2001).
		The sovereignty principle spins off corollary principles: (i) the principle of nonintervention (Jackson, 2001); and (ii) rules governing interactions among states arose from the states themselves and were not binding unless states consented to be bound (i.e., international law) (Brownlie, 1998; The SS Lotus, 1927).
		The combination of sovereignty, nonintervention, and consent-based international law meant that Westphalian governance was horizontal in nature, so that governance (i) involved only states; (ii) primarily addressed the mechanics of state interaction; and (iii) did not penetrate sovereignty to address how a government treated its people or ruled over its territory.
	www.nap.edu /books/0309091543/html/111.html (782 words)

	Westphalian Horses For Sale FreeHorseAds.com
		At the request of our visitors, we designed this page to help people who are looking for Westphalian horses for sale.
		We currently have 32 Westphalian horses for sale.
		These ads along with the rest of the database are updated constantly as new ads are placed and sold horses are removed.
	www.freehorseads.com /class/westphalian.html (131 words)

	Westphalian Architecture Meets State-of-the-art Technology
		Traditional Westphalian architecture and 21st century controls technology have blended together to create a showpiece conference center in Munster, Germany, setting a new benchmark in easy-to-run buildings.
		Built from an original Westphalian Gutshaus, the traditional architecture of the historic exterior surrounds an interior with the very latest in HVAC control technology, IT infrastructure, and multimedia technology.
		The Westphalian Land Association owns this building and has guided the transformation from classical site into the finest conference and training technology center in the area.
	www.echelon.com /Solutions/building/appstories/Westphalian.htm (1150 words)

	Cook's Thesaurus: Ham
		These hams are similar to our country hams, except that they're often eaten raw while country hams are usually served cooked.
		Substitutes: Smithfield ham OR Westphalian ham OR prosciutto OR Virginia ham
		Westphalian ham = Westfalischer Schinken Notes: This choice German ham is smoked over beechwood and juniper and has a salty, smoky flavor.
	www.foodsubs.com /MeatcureHams.html (1168 words)

	junior-riders.com / eurodressage.com : The Westphalian Association
		The Westphalian Association was established in 1904 and is presently expanded to a 10,000 member society.
		Yet at the 1998 Westphalian stallion approval it was an Oldenburger sire who produced the champion stallion in combination with the Westphalian Rosenkavalier x Apart.
		Belgian Champion Arlette Holsters is competing a Fruhlingstraum II mare at Grand Prix level and her PSG horse Fleetwoord was purchased at the same prestigious sales in Aachen.
	www.junior-riders.com /focus/foc_westfalen.htm (727 words)

	The post-Westphalian World and Muslims’ Will (by Abid Ullah Jan) - Media Monitors Network (MMN) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		United Nations is a joke and international law and treaties and Universal Declaration of Human Rights have become worse than a joke before the fanatic pursuit of the war lords in Washington to not let any alternative ideology succeed other than capitalism and way of life the neo-cons want for all.
		The seeds for undermining Westphalian nation-state system were already sown in the emergence of the United States, a country that was launched as a political experiment dedicated at birth to the subversion of pre-established order, both imperial and Westphalian.
		According to the constitution adopted by the new country in 1776, legitimacy was derived from the people, and not from the sovereign.
	usa.mediamonitors.net /content/view/full/15496 (2633 words)

	A braidplain facies model for the Westphalian B Coal Measures of north-east England (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A braidplain facies model for the Westphalian B Coal Measures of north-east England
		Department of Applied Geology, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK The Westphalian B (Coal Measure) sediments of Northumberland, Durham, and the other northern English coalfields were deposited on extensive coastal plains between several peripheral source areas and the Saint George's Land block to the south.
		We report here a facies model resulting from studies of fluvial sandstones in the Westphalian B of Northumberland and Durham and suggest that sandy braidplains were an important feature of the depositional environment in this coalfield.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v284/n5751/abs/284051a0.html (199 words)

	Read about Westphalian state at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Westphalian state and learn about Westphalian state ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Look for Westphalian state in Wiktionary, our sister dictionary project.
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	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Westphalian_state (136 words)

	nancy fraser \| transnationalizing the public sphere
		The same is (largely) true for various critiques/reconstructions of public sphere theory from the perspectives of gender, race, and class.
		The further point is to empower the body of (Westphalian-national) public opinion so generated vis-à-vis private powers and the national state, to hold the (Westphalian) state accountable to the (Westphalian-national) citizenry, and to "rationalize" (Westphalian) state domination.
		Finally, the addressee of communication, once theorized as Westphalian state power to be made answerable to public opinion, is now an amorphous mix of public and private transnational powers (suggestively named "the nebuleuse" by Robert Cox), that is neither easily identifiable nor rendered accountable.
	www.republicart.net /disc/publicum/fraser01_en.htm (3381 words)

	Journal of the Geological Society: Discussion on high-precision (40)Ar/(39)Ar spectrum dating on sanidine from the ...
		In terms of regional chronostratigraphy of European Russia and Ukraine, this level is correlated with the Tsninian substage (or lower Kashirian substage) of the lower Moscovian stage, as defined primarily in the Moscow Basin (Solovieva et al.
		She described a new genus Rodiezmoceras Wagner-Gentis 1971, from what she considered to be Westphalian B deposits in NW Spain.
		This suggests that the basal Atokan lies with Westphalian B. It also supports the reassignment from Westphalian A to Westphalian B, of another Spanish ammonoid fauna described by Wagner-- Gentis (1985, including Boesites, Diaboloceras and Phaneroceras), as Boesites enters in the basal Atokan Trace Creek Shale.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3721/is_200107/ai_n8979867 (1281 words)

	Journal of the Geological Society: Upper Carboniferous and Lower Permian tectonostratigraphy on the southern margin of ...
		The `Lower Flora Sandstone' is of Westphalian B-C age.
		The section is dated biostratigraphically as Westphalian A on the occurrence of miospore taxa including Dictyotriletes falsus, Simozonotriletes intotus and Densosporites intermedius (Gearhart Geo Consultants Ltd, pers.
		In the northern parts of the Southern North Sea the Westphalian A-B Westoe Coal is overlain by the Upper Westphalian B to Westphalian C-D Schooner Formation of the Conybeare Group (Besly et al.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3721/is_200211/ai_n9122922 (1434 words)

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