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	Westron - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tolkien's fantasy world of Middle-earth, the Westron or Common Speech is the closest thing to a universal language, at least at the time during which The Lord of the Rings is set.
		The Westron speech is derived from the Adûnaic tongue of Númenor, and originated as a creole language on the western coastlands of the continent of Middle-earth, when the Númenorians established trade outposts and forts there.
		Rohirric, the language of the Rohirrim was translated by Anglo-Saxon, as Rohirric is an archaic relative of Westron (since the Edain from whose speech Westron is derived were related to the ancestors of the Rohirrim) much as Anglo-Saxon is an archaic relative of English.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Westron (661 words)

	Westron - Wikipedia
		Westron is een fictieve taal uit de boeken van J.R.R. Tolkien, waar het gebruikt wordt als de Gemeenschappelijke Taal.
		Het Westron geldt als de taal waarin het Rode Boek is geschreven, en de Lord of the Rings die wij kennen is een (Engelse) vertaling daarvan.
		Oorspronkelijk was het Westron een menselijke taal, alhoewel het enige elfse invloeden had.
	nl.wikipedia.org /wiki/Westron (505 words)

	Alphabets and languages of Minaria
		Westron is a modern script foreswearing ideas in favour of phonetic sounds, improving and expanding the original collection of runes.
		Westron scripts are found everywhere in Minaria, though few predate the Cataclysm, as the script evolved in the aftermath of the collapse of the Lloroi Empire, as old Draconic styles grew popular again in the culturally-liberated speech.
		It is the primary tongue used in Shucassam, and a secondary tongue in Muetar, Kelga, Yannagyhara, Afgaar, the Coastland Heartlands, the Barbarian South, Pon (a former possession), Hothior (ditto), and the Banished Lands.
	www3.sympatico.ca /mgemmell/AlphaMinaria.html (5135 words)

	TolkienWiki: Westron
		Westron was a successor of Adûnaic, the language of the Edain, mixed with words of other mannish tongues and enriched with Quenya and Sindarin words.
		And in those days also they forgot whatever languages they had used before, and spoke ever after the Common Speech, the Westron as it was named, that was current through all the lands of the kings from Arnor to Gondor, and about all the coasts of the Sea from Belfalas to Lune.
		In his writings on the ThirdAge of Middle-earth Tolkien has generally represented Westron, the predominant tongue for the whole region west of the Sea of Rhûn and north of Harad., by English.
	www.thetolkienwiki.org /wiki.cgi?Westron (638 words)

	WESTRON General Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Westron was founded in 1994 by Hartron, leading Ukrainian enterprise of control systems design, and Westinghouse Electric Company (USA) - leading in the world nuclear power engineering.
		Westron is staffed with high skilled personnel on system analysis and design, functional design, software, electronic hardware design, manufacture and testing of the systems and devices.
		Westron QMS meet in full the totality of the requirements specified by International and Ukrainian Standards of the series ISO 9001:2000 and Ukrainian Standards of the series DSTU ISO 9001-2001, also the requirements specified by USA Standard NQA-1 (the requirements on quality assurance of nuclear industry products).
	www.westron.kharkov.ua /index_eng.html (289 words)

	Westron -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Westron speech is derived from the Adûnaic tongue of Númenor, and originated as a (Click link for more info and facts about creole language) creole language on the western coastlands of the continent of Middle-earth, when the Númenorians established trade outposts and forts there.
		The ending of the 'true' Hobbit name (Click link for more info and facts about Bilbo) Bilbo was also changed: in Westron it was Bilba, but Tolkien changed this to -o because -a is usually a female ending in English.
		Tolkien never worked out Westron to the same extent as (Click link for more info and facts about Quenya) Quenya and (Click link for more info and facts about Sindarin) Sindarin or even Adûnaic.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/W/We/Westron.htm (499 words)

	Westron
		It is further stated that Westron was also used as a second language by all those who still retained a speech of their own, such as the Drúedain (Woses) and the Rohirrim.
		Westron is the language to learn before you enter the time-machine and travel back to the Third Age.
		Westron did not possess the Quenya sounds ty, hy; Gondorian speakers of High-elven substituted ch (as in church) and sh.
	www.uib.no /People/hnohf/westron.htm (2090 words)

	Westron - Ardaquenta
		As it is said by Tolkien itself, Westron is spoken as a mother tongue in the limits of both Gondor and former Arnor.
		It is also stated that most people that still kept a language for themselves used Westron as a trade language, when it was needed.
		Dwarves would use Westron or the Northmen languages in public.
	www.wildfiregames.com /tla/wiki/index.php?title=Westron (205 words)

	Log viewer
		Sildrolas says in Westron: if you could be so good as to add the jewels she has gathered for it Kashmirny says: Mortis started my ring Kashmirny says: I thougth it only fair for a GiM to finish it You say in Westron: Do you have the ring.
		You say in Westron: That can be done You say in Westron: However, smithing an inlaying rings are not something you can or should rush.
		You say in Westron: Normaly the amount made by forging is added to the vault.
	logs.dyndns.dk /viewer.php/4527 (895 words)

	About Westron (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Westron Associates began in 1986 as an off-shoot of a major manufacturer's representative organization formed in the late 1950's.
		Westron represents recognized companies with exceptional track records regarding quality and performance to the consumers of electronic products in our marketing area.
		Our philosophy specifically limits the number of lines represented to that level which allows the salesman to be knowledgeable and proficient with those lines and to offer a degree of service expected by the most demanding customers..
	www.westronassociates.com /html/about_westron.html (295 words)

	History of Elven writing systems:Third Age - Wikibooks
		This matches also with the "Westron mode" as described in Appendix E and with the Numenian Mode Chart.
		The Westron speakers seem to have fitted perfectly the sounds of their language in the table, according to the shapes of each letter, better than any elvish language did.
		The were used by Westron speakers, Gondorian men and dwarves from the Erebor.
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/History_of_Elven_writing_systems:Third_Age (2251 words)

	Westron Lighting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Actual savings will depend on two factors; your cost per KWH for electricity and the reduction in wattage utilized to light your premises.
		Saving electricity is important, but you must also be satisfied with the environment produced by the light source.
		Westron will make recommendations for your specific applications and will even send trial lamps for you to evaluate in your facility!
	www.westronlighting.com (251 words)

	Comparison of Two Artificial Ultraviolet Light Sources used for Chuckwalla, Sauromalus obesus, Husbandry
		Two studies were conducted to determine the suitability of the Westron Corp. self-ballasted mercury vapor lamps in the captive maintenance of the chuckwalla lizard, Sauromalus obesus.
		Initially, preference for basking under either a Westron lamp or an incandescent flood lamp was measured in a separate enclosure involving five individuals selected from a group of eight juveniles.
		These data suggest that the Westron lamp is at least as effective as an incandescent/fllight combination in maintaining desert dwelling chuckwallas and that either setup may result in adequate vitamin D production sufficient to sustain healthy bone density.
	www.arav.org /Journals/JA020656.htm (423 words)

	la tenguar: A romantic orthography for Lojban
		Tolkien constructed quite complex phonologies for Sindarin, Quenya and Dwarvish, but the Westron of his universe had the role of a lingua franca, and he was well aware that such languages tend to evolve toward maintaining only very simple and robust phonetic distinctions.
		This is mainly because when I originally designed this mode in 1994 I thought this series was compromised by a glaring inconsistency in the Westron assignments; 3(0/2) was in my sources as given as `c', making no distinction between 'c' and `k' in what is supposed to be a phonetic alphabet.
		The other three sounds in the Westron binding of Series III are Lojban's /dj/, /c/ and /j/.
	catb.org /~esr/tengwar/lojban-tengwar.html (3172 words)

	Westron (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Being the language spoken by all of the characters, Westron is represented in The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings by English.
		First of all, proper names with derivations somewhat evident to speakers of Westron have been translated, to preserve the effect.
		'Meriadoc' is designed to maintain the reference to merriness contained in the original name Kalimac.) For similar purposes, the language of the Rohirrim, related to Westron, is represented by Old English.
	www.theezine.net /w/westron.html (213 words)

	Quetil the official Tolkien's Languages ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Westron was also called the Common Speech and it was the language of the West-lands of Middle-Earth in the Third Age.
		The Westron was a Mannish speech, though enriched and softened under Elvish influence.
		After the overthrow of the Dark Power in which Beleriand was for the most part drowned or broken, it was granted as a reward to the Elf-friends that they also might pass west over the Sea.
	fan.glory-undimmed.net /quetil/about.php (657 words)

	Frodo Hill - Editor's Introduction, by Teasel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		While Westron studies have been a passion of mine for many years, they could not have been further from my mind when this manuscript first came to my attention.
		Although the scholarly world owes an immense debt of gratitude to Professor Tolkien for his labour in the field of Westron studies, one can only lament the decision of the Tolkien estate to seal his copy of the Red Book in a safe at the bottom of the North Sea.
		This somewhat intemperate course of action has left later scholars with few, if any opportunities to extend his work, or even to check its accuracy, as his copy was the last extant in Europe (apart from the possibly apocryphal Fredonian manuscript, which has been missing since the Second World War).
	members.aol.com /Brumblepop/fics/fh/intro.htm (1045 words)

	The Westron Sales Advantage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Westron Sales uses the Miller Heiman Strategic and Conceptual Sales Techniques to represent its principals.
		The Westron Sales "Counselor Selling" techniques apply to all products and customer types are a clear advantage over the competition.
		We become "counselors" to the customers and are always the first consulted for new applications or problem solving needs based on our technical application skills and understanding of the customer’s needs.
	www.westronsales.com /corp_ws_advantage.htm (295 words)

	Mithlondhrim: Drunken Hobbit. Rosgwaen Learns Westron (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Folding his arms across his breast, the man speaks yet more in the Westron speech - 'Don't suppose you've breakfasted as yet, have ye?' Queer though the query might be from a wandering vagrant, there is some mirth interspersed amid his speech, in a gruff manner as he watches the Hobbit draw nigh.
		A nod, slow and stately and thereby perhaps wholly unbefitting the situation at hand, is Rosgwaen's only greeting to the hobbit, and his hood-shrouded head gains a slight tilt as green eyes gaze upon the flask and its owner.
		But he pays little attention to the food himself, turning back to Rosgwaen and continuing the conversation in Sindarin, "Well, Westron is not lovely, no, though neither is my native tongue as much as Sindarin is. I fear you are spoiled." He laughs lightly.
	www.anycities.com /user1/tolion/logs/mithlond5.html (4401 words)

	Marketing Consulting & Business Solutions, Vancouver, BC
		Westron Consulting is a business consulting firm specializing in providing custom solutions for emerging companies.
		Westron Consulting designed a Viral Trivia Campaign to increase the opening rate of the newsletter.
		In addition, the viral effect of readers forwarding the Trivia Postcard has increased the regular readership, credibility and brand awareness as suggested by reader feedback.
	www.westronconsulting.com (231 words)

	Business Wire: Eltrax Systems makes announcement. @ HighBeam Research
		William P. O'Reilly, Eltrax Chairman stated that "Westron is a very well run and profitable organization providing network products and services in the vital Southwestern market where we currently do not have a strong presence.
		Westron focuses on the higher margin end-user market where we expect our future growth to be.
		The Westron transaction, the recently announced Four Corners Technology transaction and the just-completed Techline transaction are all part of our strategy to add both geographic coverage and service capabilities to our existing operations."
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:19437466&refid=ink_tptd_g1 (301 words)

	[No title]
		The language was brought to Middle-earth by the Numenoreans (the later Dúnedain) and mingled with native languages to produce Westron, the common tongue.
		A variant of Northern Mannish was spoken in by the Men of Eriador during the Second Age, and heavily influenced the common tongue, Westron.
		Westron (Adûnaic Mannish): Westron is the most common tongue in Middle-earth.
	www.stewardandking.net /LanguageSkillUpdate.doc (1737 words)

	Untitled
		Westron was descended from Adunaic, and ancient Northern language.
		Tolkien implies that their language was only a dialect of the same language spoken by the ancestors of the Rohirrim, and he represented that language by Anglo-Saxon (Mercian, or Midland, Anglo-Saxon at that, according to some people more knowledgeable than I in such matters).
		It should have been faily easy for travelers from the Shire to understand people in Dale, Rohan, and Gondor, because although Westron was the Common Tongue for these lands, their native languages were all related to Westron, and undoubtedly each contributed something to Westron.
	www.suite101.com /print_article.cfm/4786/94652 (4213 words)

	Westron (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		El discurso de Westron se deriva en última instancia de la lengüeta de Adûnaic de Númenor, y se origina en los coastlands occidentales del continente de la Central-tierra.
		Westron es una traducción del Adûni conocido original, y el "discurso común" traduce el término Sôval Phârë de Westron, del significado idéntico.
		El conclusión del ' Hobbit verdadero ' Bilbo conocido también fue cambiado: en Westron era Bilba, pero Tolkien cambió esto - o porque - a a es generalmente un conclusión femenino en inglés.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/we/Westron.htm (471 words)

	MESQUITE CREDIT UNION SELECTS EADS TO IMPROVE ADMINISTRATION AND PRODUCTIVITY
		Westron uses IP telephony as well as legacy voice technology to deliver unified data/voice platforms to its clients.
		Westron is enjoying its 19th year of growth and is one of the founding members of the 1nService (www.1nservice.com) North American-wide services delivery network.
		Westron’s focus is on the continued success of its client companies enabled via its service and product offerings.
	www.tmcnet.com /usubmit/2004/Dec/1101863.htm (1259 words)

	Juniper Networks :: NetScreen Secures Hitachi Data, Voice and Video IP Network
		Westron Communications (www.westron.com) is a Dallas based privately held network solutions provider which has helped its client base implement complex technology solutions for over 18 years.
		Dedicated to engineering excellence, Westron has partnered with many of the industry’s premier hardware and software manufacturers.
		Westron was a founding member of the innovative 1NService network of technology solution providers, now encompassing the United States and Canada.
	www.juniper.net /company/presscenter/pr/2003/nspr_20031103_502.html (769 words)

	"Mixed Languages" \| Antimoon Forum
		I found a website that says "Westron" is a "mixed language" and I like to talk about that.
		Westron is a "Mixed Language" like you said, and Tolkien used English for the Westron language in his books.
		The narrow minded approach I was thinking of is that since English has so much French vocabulary, then the Elves spoke French as Westron was very heavily influenced by the Elves.
	www.antimoon.com /forum/2003/3711.htm (1140 words)

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