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	Wilhelm Schickard - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Wilhelm Schickard (born 1592 in Herrenberg - died 1635 in Tübingen) built the first automatic calculator in 1623.
		The machine could add and subtract six-digit numbers, and indicated an overflow of this capacity by ringing a bell; to aid more complex calculations, a set of Napier's bones were mounted on it.
		Biography of Wilhelm Schickard by J J O'Connor and E F Robertson at MacTutor
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wilhelm_Schickard (197 words)

	Schickard (crater) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Schickard is a lunar impact crater of the form called a walled-plain.
		Southeast of Schickard is the Wargentin lava-flooded plateau.
		The Schickard crater has a worn rim that is overlaid in several locations by smaller impact craters.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Schickard_(crater) (241 words)

	HNF - Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Wilhelm Schickard and Blaise Pascal, two universal scholars of the 17th century, developed the first calculating machines independently of each other.
		In addition to his studies of classical languages and land surveys of Swabia in southwest Germany, the theologian Wilhelm Schickard, professor of Hebrew at Tübingen university, dealt intensively with mathematics and astronomy.
		The second calculating machine, however, was never built since Schickard died shortly afterwards of the Plague.
	www.hnf.de /museum/schickard_pascal_en.html (326 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard
		Wilhelm Schickard, nach dem das Institut für Informatik an der Universität Tübingen benannt ist, erfand und baute um 1620 die erste (urkundlich erwähnte) mechanische Rechenmaschine.
		Der württembergische Herzog Friedrich setzte sich 1619 für eine Professur Schickards an der Universität Tübingen für Hebräisch ein.
		Wilhelm Schickards Frau und drei seiner Töchter starben an dieser Seuche.
	www-ti.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de /deutsch/schickard/index.html (365 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Wilhelm Schickard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Wilhelm Schickard This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright.
		Gottfried Leibniz Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (also Leibnitz) (Leipzig July 1 (June 21 O.S.), 1646 â€“ November 14, 1716 in Hannover) was a philosopher, scientist, mathematician, diplomat, librarian, and lawyer of Sorb descent.
		Wilhelm Schickard (born 1592 in Herrenberg - died 1635 in T bingen) built the first automatic calculator in 1623.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Wilhelm-Schickard (666 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard - Wikipedia
		Wilhelm Schickard wurde als Sohn des Schreiners Lucas Schickard und der Pfarrerstochter Margarete Gmelin geboren.
		Zum Studium der hebräischen Sprache schuf er das "Horologium Hebraeum", die hebräische Uhr, ein Lehrbuch des Hebräischen in 24 Kapiteln, die jeweils in einer Stunde zu erlernen waren.
		Der Mondkrater Schickard wurde bereits 1651 von Giovanni Riccioli auf seiner Mondkarte benannt.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wilhelm_Schickard (614 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard -- Wilhelm Schickard (* 22. April 1592 in Herrenberg; ? 2... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Er konstruierte die erste mechanische Rechenmaschine und beschrieb sie in einem Brief an Johannes Kepler, der sie zur Erstellung seiner Rudolfinischen Tafeln verwenden wollte.
		Wilhelm Schickard (1592 bis 1635) entwickelte um 1630 das erste Handplanetarium, mit dem sich Sonne, Erde und Mond bewegen ließen.
		Wilhelm Schickard trat nicht nur als Theologe, Geograph, Landvermesser und Kupferstecher, sondern auch als genialer Erfinder hervor.
	wilhelm_schickard.exsudo.de (162 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard
		Wilhelm Schickards Maschine ist wohl in den Wirren des 30-jährigen Krieges untergegangen.
		Wilhelm Schickard stellte auch das erste so genannte Handplanetarium her, das es ermöglichte, mit wenigen Handgriffen sowohl das alte Weltbild mit der Erde als Zentrum als auch das neue mit der Sonne als Zentrum darzustellen.
		Weniger bekannt ist, dass sich Wilhelm Schickard bereits seit 1624 mit großer Begeisterung der Kartographie widmete: und auch hier entwickelte er neue vereinfachende Meßverfahren.
	www.wss.tue.bw.schule.de /schickard/index.htm (674 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard
		Wilhelm Schickard was educated at the University of Tübingen.
		Schickard was a universal scientist and taught biblical languages such as Aramaic as well as Hebrew at Tübingen.
		Schickard died of the plague either on the day given or, possibly, one day earlier.
	www.thocp.net /biographies/schickard_wilhelm.html (609 words)

	William Schickard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		William Schickard was born April 22, 1592 in Herrenberg, Württemberg (in what is now Germany).
		Schickard accepted an appointment to as a professor of Hebrew at Tübingen University in 1619.
		Schickard died in Tübingen on or around the 24th of October 1635.
	www.csulb.edu /~cwallis/wallis/computability/schickard.html (70 words)

	HNF - Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Wilhelm Schickard en Blaise Pascal waren twee geleerden uit de 17e eeuw, die onafhankelijk van elkaar de eerste rekenmachines ontwikkelden.
		Wilhelm Schickard, die theoloog van opleiding was, doceerde Hebreeuws aan de universiteit van Tübingen.
		Schickard, die zijn Zwabische werkkring nooit verlaten zou, had veel contact met andere geleerden.
	www.hnf.de /museum/schickard_pascal_nl.html (299 words)

	BookRags: Wilhelm Schickard Biography
		Schickard placed Napier's bones, the logarithmic calculating device invented by Napier, on cylinders that were selected by the turn of a dial.
		Schickard set about building a second machine; unfortunately, it, too, was destroyed by fire while still under construction.
		It appeared that all of Schickard's designs and records were lost as well--a great misfortune as it would take fifty years before the advancements achieved by Schickard could be duplicated by Gottfried Leibniz (1646-1716) and later inventors.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/wilhelm-schickard-woi (388 words)

	Orientalisches Seminar - Geschichte; Porträt von Wilhelm Schickard
		Dieser erkannte seine Begabung und regte ihn dazu an, seine mathematischen Studien zu vertiefen.
		Auf dem nebenstehenden Bild ist Schickard mit einem von ihm gebauten Handplanetarium dargestellt.
		Schickard verlor seine gesamte Familie bis auf den neunjährigen Sohn.
	www.uni-tuebingen.de /orientsem/schickard.htm (250 words)

	History of Mechanical Calculators - Part I
		In 1623, Schickard, a polymath and then professor at the University of Tübingen in Wuerttemberg, now part of Germany, designed and constructed a mechanical device which he called the Calculating Clock.
		Schickard and his family did not survive the bubonic plague and his detailed notes remained unknown until discovered in 1935 and 1956 by historian Franz Hammer.
		It was 1672 when the famous German polymath, mathematician and philosopher, Gottfried Wilhelm Von Leibniz (1646-1716), co-inventor of the differential calculus, decided to build a machine able to perform the four basic arithmetical operations.
	www.xnumber.com /xnumber/mechanical1.htm (1938 words)

	The Galileo Project
		Patronage is not mentioned in any of the sources, but it seems possible that Mästlin, who was Schickard's teacher and precursor in the chair of astronomy, had a hand in Schickard's academic appointments.
		Schickard was a skilled mechanic, cartographer, and engraver in wood and copperplate.
		Bruno von Freytag Löringhoff, Wilhelm Schickard und seine Rechenmaschine von 1623, (Tübingen, 1987).
	galileo.rice.edu /Catalog/NewFiles/schickrd.html (306 words)

	Geometry.Net - Scientists: Schickard Wilhelm
		Wilhelm Schickard Wilhelm Schickard lebte von 1592 bis 1635.
		Born 22 April 1592 in Wilhelm Schickard was educatedat the University of TÃ¼bingen.
		Wilhelm Schickard His research was broad and included astronomy, mathematics and surveying.
	www.geometry.net /detail/scientists/schickard_wilhelm.html (1713 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		However, that distinction actually belongs to Wilhelm Schickard, a university professor and Lutheran minister.
		Schickard was born on April 22nd, 1592 in Herrenberg, Germany.
		Unfortunately, the only two original copies of Schickard's machine were lost, one in a fire and one after his death from plague in 1635.
	www.cs.cuw.edu /museum/Schickard.html (274 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard's Mechanical Calculator
		claim to fame notwithstanding, the German astronomer and mathematician Wilhelm Schickard wrote a letter to his friend Johannes Kepler about fifteen years before Pascal started developing his Arithmetic Machine.
		Schickard wrote that he had built a machine that "...
		Unfortunately, no original copies of Schickard's machine exist, but working models have been constructed from his notes.
	www.maxmon.com /1625ad.htm (140 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard - Wilhelm Schickard: Briefwechsel - Perlentaucher.de, Kultur und Literatur Online
		Wilhelm Schickard (1592-1635), von Haus aus evangelischer Theologe, wurde 1619 Professor für Hebräisch in Tübingen, 1632 auch für Astronomie.
		Schickards in vielen Bibliotheken verstreuter Briefwechsel wird hier erstmals gesammelt vorgelegt.
		Vieles sei nicht bekannt über diesen Abschnitt der Wissenschaftsgeschichte, und Wilhelm Schickard - "Orientalist, Astronom, Geograf und Erfinder der ersten Rechenmaschine - sei den wenigsten ein Begriff.
	www.perlentaucher.de /buch/13636.html (273 words)

	17th - 18th Century Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		He is most remembered as the inventor of natural logarithms, of Napier's bones (also known as Napier's rods) and for popularizing the decimal point.
		Wilhelm Schickard (1592-1635) built the first automatic calculator in 1623.Contemporaries called his machine the Calculating Clock.
		He built around fifty, but was only able to sell around a dozen of his machines in various forms, coping with up to 8 digits.
	students.washington.edu /aograin/Timeline2.html (302 words)

	History
		One is of Wilhelm Schickard who invented a mechanical calculator in 1623.
		Only in the 1950's when letters of Schickard were discovered was this information revealed.
		An exhibition to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Wilhelm Schickard's birth (1592 - 1635) was held in Herrenberg, a small town in the southwest of Germany in May-93.
	www.webcom.com /calc/CalcMach.html (425 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard, father of the computer age (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Schickard's machine could perform basic arithmetic operations on integer inputs.
		His letters to Kepler, discoverer of the laws of planetary motion, explain the application of his "calculating clock" to the computation of astronomical tables.
		The non- programmable Schickard machine was based on the traditional decimal system.
	www.idsia.ch /~juergen/schickard.html (109 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Wilhelm Schickard (born 1592 in Herrenberg - died 1635 in Tübingen) built the first automatic calculator in This makes him the father of the era and one of the most remarkable in recorded history.
		While I found the song selection on this compilation to be excellent, the remastering quality isn't quite on par.
		Wilhelm Kempff has long been one of my favorite Beethoven interpreters, ever since I first acquired his first (and best) complete set of Beethoven Piano Sonatas on mono DG LPs.
	www.freeglossary.com /Wilhelm_Schickard (498 words)

	History of computing Antiquity : 1620 - 1671
		Schickard is a friend of the astronomer Johannes Kepler since they met in the winter of 1617.
		Wilhelm Schickard (1592-1635), a professor at the University from Tübingen (Germany).
		Since no original copies of Schickard's machine have been found the credit for the first adding machine with automatic carry is often given to Blaise Pascal.
	www.thocp.net /timeline/1620.htm (1319 words)

	The Four Hundred--As I See It: IT, the Early Days
		An eclectic scholar, Schickard became a Lutheran minister and professor of Aramaic and Hebrew at the University of Tubingen, where his curiosity eventually turned to the study of astronomy, surveying, and mathematics.
		Regardless, Schickard was a man of many aptitudes, but he is perhaps least appreciated for his most important achievement-being the father of IT.
		In fact, Schickard invented the first-known mechanical calculator in 1623, the same year Pascal was born.
	www.itjungle.com /tfh/tfh050905-story04.html (1443 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard - Detaillierte Informationen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Als Wilhelm Schickard dann 1619 zum engeren Kreis der Ausgewählten um den...
		Wilhelm Schickard Wilhelm Schickard, nach dem das Institut für Informatik an der Universität Tübingen benannt...
		Wilhelm Schickard (1592-1635) Wilhelm Schickard wurde am 22.
	wilhelm-schickard.detaillierte-informationen.de (294 words)

	Stargazer Online \|\| Schickard Crater - Oct. 16, 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The largest crater in this image is named for the German mathematician and astronomer Wilhelm Schickard (1592-1635).
		He was the first to attempt to determine the path of a meteor by simultaneous observations from different locations.
		Schickard Crater has a vast walled plain with a partially flooded floor.
	www.richardbell.net /Astrophotos/schickard.html (74 words)

	Wilhelm Schickard - Bedeutung, Definition, Erklärung im netlexikon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Literatur von und über Wilhelm Schickard im Katalog der DDB
		Briefwechsel von Wilhelm Schickard, Friedrich Seck (Gebundene Ausgabe)
		Weitere Bücher zum Stichwort "Wilhelm Schickard" bei Amazon.de suchen
	www.lexikon-definition.de /Wilhelm-Schickard.html (210 words)

	ALLC/ACH 2002: humc_4
		Wilhelm Schickard, born 1592 at Herrenberg near Tübingen was educated in Tübingen at the Evangelisches Stift.
		Six years later he was appointed professor of Hebrew at the University of Tübingen and taught there biblical languages such as Aramaic as well as Hebrew.
		At the age of 43 years Schickard died on pestilence in 1635, while the disorders of the Thirty Year's War reached southern Germany and Tübingen.
	www.uni-tuebingen.de /allcach2002?sflag=humc_4 (189 words)

	Learn more about Wilhelm Schickard in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Learn more about Wilhelm Schickard in the online encyclopedia.
		Hint: Play with putting spaces before and after your words to see the different results you get.
		Wilhelm Schickard (1592-1635) built the first automatic calculator in 1623.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /w/wi/wilhelm_schickard.html (128 words)

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