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Topic: Willapa Bay

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Willapa River

Shoalwater Bay Tribe

Pacific County, Washington

Bay Center, Washington

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	Willapa Bay - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Willapa Bay is a bay located on the southwest Pacific coast of Washington state in the United States.
		The bay is an estuary formed when the Long Beach Peninsula, a long sand spit from the Columbia River to the south, partially enclosed the estuaries of several smaller rivers.
		Willapa Bay is known for its amazing biodiversity and much of it has been set aside as part of the Willapa National Wildlife Refuge.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Willapa_Bay (286 words)

	A World of Diversity
		The Willapa bay is a costal plain estuary, which is relatively pristine and conceded to be one of the cleanest estuaries in the world is located in southwest Washington State along the pacific coast.
		The Willapa bay national wildlife refuge was established in 1937 to protect migrating populations of fl brant, a sea goose that migrates from Alaska and other waterfowl.
		It was recognized early on that it would be essential to protect the Willapa bay, since it is of vital importance to a variety of animals that reside or visit, the salt marshes, dunes and coniferous forests all which provide distinct habitat for a variety of animals.
	library.thinkquest.org /C007506/willapa.html (445 words)

	The Seattle Times: Other Sports: Fishing \| Willapa Bay — a boatload of bites
		WILLAPA BAY — The morning started off with sunny skies and a wicked easterly wind that made the water choppy on the short, bumpy boat ride toward the middle of Willapa Bay.
		The markers start in the middle of the bay and run all the way to the Willapa River mouth, and it is here where the salmon park before heading into the Willapa River salmon hatchery and some to the spawning grounds.
		The guarantee of a yearly summer-early fall fishery in Willapa Bay is generated by the sheer number of salmon produced at the hatcheries on the Willapa, Nemah and Naselle rivers.
	seattletimes.nwsource.com /html/othersports/2003254456_willapa12.html (1122 words)

	Goose Point Oysters - Willapa Bay Landscape
		Willapa Bay, one of the largest and most healthy estuaries in the continental United States, is situated in southwestern Washington State, fifteen miles north of the mouth of the Columbia River.
		Willapa Bay is sheltered from the open Pacific by the Long Beach peninsula and its waters are fed by the Nasalle, Willapa, and North Fall Rivers.
		Including the Bay, the Willapa watershed covers 680,000 acres and is a major wildlife resource.
	www.goosepoint.com /willapaBayLandscape.html (273 words)

	Competitive Enterprise Institute
		Willapa is the cleanest bay in the country, and it is the oystermen who have kept it that way.
		The Willapa Bay estuary in the southwest corner of Washington state arguably is the largest pristine estuary in the country.
		The original oyster populations in Willapa Bay declined because of "the tragedy of the commons."
	www.cei.org /gencon/025,01364.cfm (3116 words)

	WDFW - Year 2003 Willapa Bay Fishery Management Framework
		This effort’s results, documented in the "Year 2000 Willapa Bay Fishery Management Framework (May 2000)," reflected the progress made toward a long-term plan, including the interim goals established for managing the salmon and sturgeon fisheries in Willapa Bay in the year 2000.
		This document intends to update the Willapa framework plan for 2003, reflecting discussions recently held with fishers at a March meeting in Montesano and the two North of Falcon meetings in Olympia and SeaTac and at the PFMC meeting in Vancouver.
		Willapa Bay was chosen for this initial effort in 2000 for two primary reasons.
	wdfw.wa.gov /fish/regs/commregs/2003framework.htm (3125 words)

	Port of Willapa Harbor::history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For the next 50 years, ships steamed up the Willapa River to load cargo at the dock in Raymond that was then carried to ports around the world.
		A $20 million reclamation project, including the construction of a groin on the north side of the Willapa bar in 2000, has improved the channel between Willapa Bay and the Pacific Ocean, but traffic is still limted mostly to local fishing boats.
		Willapa Bay oyster production is the area’s most historically successful industry that remains a West Coast leader and tops the $20 million mark in annual product value, jobs, and other contributions to the local economy.
	www.portofwillapaharbor.com /pages/history.html (571 words)

	Lonely, Beatuiful, and Threatened - Spring 2004 - Washington State Magazine
		Willapa Bay, also known as Shoalwater, is the largest estuary between San Francisco and Puget Sound.
		Willapa Bay has one of the West Coast’s richest ecosystems—full of birds and salmon, clams and crabs.
		Sayce’s conclusion: Willapa Bay’s pristine environment is worth between $700 million and $1.7 billion, equivalent in value of up to $136 million every year.
	washington-state-magazine.wsu.edu /stories/04-spring/willapa-2.html (692 words)

	Willapa Data CD - Sayce Case Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Documenting the condition of the bay at a point in time and then tracking changes, as in the spread of Spartina in the tidelands, or the arrival of purple loosestrife, hydrilla, and yellow nutsedge, to name a few floral invaders, is a task that both professionals and volunteers have taken on.
		No agency speaks for the long view, few large timberland owners in Willapa are concerned with problems off their own land, and newcomers too often seem concerned with getting their five acres, or fifty, and then closing the door on the rest of the world.
		Kathleen Sayce, a botanist and marine biologist, is Science Director of the Willapa Alliance in South Bend, Washington.
	www.inforain.org /willapa/catalog/reports/localsci.htm (1080 words)

	Salmon University Willapa Bay Salmon Fishing
		Low tide can be productive, in that the bay's water has shrunk considerably at this location and therefore concentrates the fish that have moved in, but not migrated upriver yet.
		Most bay fishermen here use large herring that are cut-plugged and are trolled at a fast spin.
		If you fish the bays enough, you will experience somewhat the same experience, with Coho jumping within 5 feet of shore at low tide in less than 2 feet of water, while everyone is trolling the main channel.
	www.salmonuniversity.com /wtc_willapa_bay.html (3079 words)

	Clam and Oyster Farm - Bay Center Farms, Willapa Bay, Washington
		Bay Center Farms was founded nearly four decades ago as Bay Center Mariculture Company for the purpose of producing oyster seed for the shellfish industry.
		Willapa Bay, in southwest Washington state, is formed behind the Long Beach spit.
		Bay Center Farms has always produced the highest quality oysters and clams that Willapa Bay can offer but for over twenty years it only supplied oysters for other companies to process for the fresh market.
	baycenterfarms.com /index.html (429 words)

	Willapa National Wildlife Refuge, a Washington State Park
		Willapa National Wildlife Refuge is located on the shores of Willapa Bay near the Pacific Ocean.
		The bay is one of the most pristine estuaries in the United States.
		Willapa NWR - Birding Willapa National Wildlife Refuge I hadn't planned to visit Willapa NWR, but on the night of September 29, I was in my motel room reading about Washington's wildlife.
	www.stateparks.com /willapa.html (964 words)

	WWTA - Willapa Bay FAQ
		A: The tidal range in the Bay is from an extreme low of -2 feet to an extreme high of +12 feet.
		A: The distance from the boat ramp at the Willapa Wildlife Refuge Headquarters on Hwy 101 (near the south end of Long Island) to the Naselle River is approximately 3 miles.
		The NOAA chart for Willapa Bay is a good source of information since it shows channels and the extensive tidelats.
	www.wwta.org /trails/willapa_bay/faq.asp (820 words)

	Contacts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		According to Dye, a quarter of the 20,000 population is on welfare; moreover, the area is home to the Shoalwater Bay Indian Reservation, one of the poorest reservations in the West.
		Ecotrust thought Willapa might be easier to work with than other communities in need, says Dye, "because of its economic diversification, quality of leadership and the productivity of the resource base." Willapa's economic base includes commercial fishing and oyster farming, timber harvesting, cranberry and other agricultural crops, tourism and retirement.
		While Willapa's education and outreach component of their annual plan is extensive, it has largely been about getting stakeholders to buy into products and ideas produced by consultants or the tri-partnership.
	pasture.ecn.purdue.edu /~epados/trilogyweb/src/case/willapa.htm (1339 words)

	A World of Diversity
		The invasive Spartina alterniflora is thought to have come into the Willapa Bay estuary in as packing material in shipments of eastern oysters around 1894 (styce, 1988).
		Currently over 6% of the Willapa bay mudflats have been densely colonized by Spartina grass, the large-scale conversion of mudflats into Spartina colonize threatens to alter the ecological processes of the Willapa and has the potential to effect the local economy.
		This threat is not isolated to the Willapa bay alone bioinvasion has become a great problem in many of the world's pristine ecosystems and has led the extinction of several species.
	library.thinkquest.org /C007506/spartina.htm (606 words)

	Willapa National Wildlife Refuge
		Willapa Refuge has a wide variety of wetland habitats, including fresh and saltwater marsh, tidal estuary, ponds, streams, and seasonal wetlands.
		Introduced from the east coast, Spartina is rapidly invading the tidelands of Willapa Bay and destroying migratory bird, anadromous fish, and shellfish habitat as well as marine organism and saltmarsh communities.
		The refuge administers a Presidential Proclamation Boundary that closes a portion of Willapa Bay to waterfowl hunting.
	www.fws.gov /refuges/profiles/index.cfm?id=13552 (423 words)

	Stop Pesticide Spraying in Willapa Bay
		The Willapa Bay and Grays Harbor Oyster Growers Association wants to spray more than three tons of pesticides onto the tidelands of Willapa Bay and Grays Harbor in order to control native shrimp that are considered a problem for oyster production.
		If the final permit allows the spray, Willapa Bay and Grays Harbor would be the only place in the country where spraying carbaryl into water or on tidelands is allowed.
		Because its use in Willapa Bay results in such high concentrations in the bay, it poses a particular threat to salmon and other aquatic life.
	www.pesticide.org /WillapaBayAction.html (691 words)

	Willapa NWR
		Willapa was discussed, and it mentioned that one of the units of this far-flung refuge closed on October 1 for six months.
		Across the road from the headquarters, birds were feeding in the shallow mudflats of low tide in Willapa Bay.
		Willapa Bay was on the other side of the dike.
	www.birdingamerica.com /Washington/willapanwr.htm (576 words)

	Port of Peninsula on the Long Beach Peninsula at Nahcotta, Washington
		Douglas King of Ocean Park donated the last oyster station house on Willapa Bay to the Port of Peninsula in hopes an exhibit on the 150-year history of oyster growing on the bay would be housed there.
		Among the artifacts in the center is a 14-foot double-ended Shoalwater Bay dinghy built in the late 1920s by Dan Louderback Sr.
		She pulled the tidbits of oyster industry and oyster family history from hours of 20-year-old taped conversations with "old timers." The center also features a seven-minute videotape overview of the oyster industry and Willapa Bay's ecology generated by the Washington State Department of Natural Resources, which helped fund the project.
	www.portofpeninsula.org /oysterhouse.html (397 words)

	Ecotrust: The Willapa Watershed Information System CD-ROM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Willapa Bay at the mouth of the Nemah River
		The Willapa Watershed is located in southwestern Washington state, north of the mouth of the Columbia River.
		Nearly two-thirds of the land in the Willapa Bay Watershed is commercial forestland and farms and irrigated lands together make up another seven percent.
	www.ecotrust.org /publications/willapa_cd.html (339 words)

	(PNCERS) Maps: Willapa Bay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Willapa Bay is the largest of the estuaries under study with the PNCERS program, and the largest in the region outside Puget Sound.
		The city of South Bend is located at the east side of the estuary, on the Willapa River.
		Willapa Bay is located in Pacific County, Washington.
	www.wsg.washington.edu /pncers/willapabay.htm (136 words)

	Puget Sound / Willapa Bay Expedition 2000
		Willapa Bay results will be interesting to compare with the findings from sites further north on the Washington outer coast sampled by the 2001 Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary Expedition.
		The Puget Sound / Willapa Bay Expedition of 2000 was the sixth in a series of Rapid Assessment surveys for exotic marine organisms in California and Washington.
		The report of the Washington State Exotics Expedition 2000 (a rapid assessment survey of exotic species in the shallow waters of Elliott Bay, Totten and Eld Inlets, and Willapa Bay) was released in October 2001 and is now available in both.pdf format directly on the web and in print form.
	faculty.washington.edu /cemills/PSX2000.html (1531 words)

	Willapa Bay tidal model
		Willapa Bay is an estuary on the southern coast of Washington state, with powerful tides that, at least in summer, are the main force drawing new ocean water into the bay and flushing out what's there.
		Understanding the tidal circulation helps us understand the supply of oceanic nutrients that drives the ecosystem, the pathw ays that oyster and crab larvae take in and out of and through the bay, and the potential for the spread of invasive species like Spartina.
		For more info on our observations in Willapa Bay and a description of the seasonal cycle of cur rents and water properties, see this paper that recently appeared in the Journal of Physical Oceanography.
	coast.ocean.washington.edu /willapa/tidemodel.html (549 words)

	Welcome to Bay Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Bay Center is located about midway along the eastern margin of Willapa Bay on a northwest projecting peninsula.
		A forested public park and picnic area at the tip Goose Point provides a nice place to observe Willapa Bay and have lunch.
		Bone River enters Willapa Bay a couple of miles north on highway 101.
	www.willapahillsaudubon.org /baycenter.html (200 words)

	Gourmet Food - THE NIBBLE Product Review - Willapa Oysters
		Our Willapa Oysters were a revelation: we ended our initial experience knowing that we had never had anything as good as the pristine, absolutely fresh oysters that arrived at our doorstep, picked from beds in Willapa Bay, Washington.
		Willapa Bay is about 125 miles southwest, or a 3-hour drive, from Olympia, the state capital; it’s another hour northeast to Seattle.
		In the tranquil bay, Willapa Oysters grows the three kinds of oysters commonly available in the U.S. in private oyster beds: Pacifics, Virginicas, and Kumamotos.
	www.thenibble.com /zine/archives/willapa-oysters.asp?r=rss (4391 words)

	Washington DGER: Willapa Hills
		The Willapa Hills, rising to 3,110 feet above sea level, are part of the Coast Range.
		Thick lignite units and interbedded basalts are characteristic of the section in the eastern part of the Willapa Hills.
		Unlike the Olympic Mountains to the north, the rocks of the Willapa Hills are not intensely deformed.
	www.dnr.wa.gov /geology/willapa.htm (628 words)

	Lonely, Beatuiful, and Threatened - Spring 2004 - Washington State Magazine
		Charlie Stenvall skims an airboat across Willapa Bay on a placid summer morning, rousing 15 Canada geese whose complaints sound like an unsupervised junior high band practice.
		Stenvall, manager of the Willapa National Wildlife Refuge, steers into a pocket of water enclosed in a wall of green.
		Instead, the scariest threat to Willapa is this spreading carpet of grass, Spartina alterniflora.
	washington-state-magazine.wsu.edu /stories/04-spring/willapa-1.html (291 words)

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