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Topic: William Clayton (Mormon Pioneer)

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	Reviews: An Intimate Chronicle: The Journals of William Clayton
		Clayton was initiated into the secrets of plural marriage by Brigham Young in March 1843, performed the plural marriage of Almera Johnson to Joseph Smith on 2 April and took his own first plural wife (a sister of his first wife) on 27 April (altogether he married ten wives and fathered forty-seven children).
		Clayton's journals depict the life of a man at the footstool of power who was involved in polygamy at an early stage and who obviously believed in the doctrine, felt he should be an exemplary practitioner, and influenced many others to do likewise.
		Clayton was a meticulous diarist (probably too meticulous for the taste of most general readers) who was close to Joseph Smith and Brigham Young at the beginning of the polygamy controversy, and he accompanied Young on the westward expedition from Nauvoo, Illinois, that blazed the Mormon trail to Salt Lake City.
	www.signaturebooks.com /reviews/clayton.htm (5147 words)

	Odometer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In modern times, Andre Sleeswyk was able to make a working model using gears similar to the Antikythera mechanism as opposed to the traditional cogwheel.
		The odometer as used in most modern systems, where separate gears control each digit, was invented by William Clayton with help from Orson Pratt.
		Clayton, a Mormon Pioneer, developed the odometer (dubbed the "roadometer") to keep track of wheel revolutions on the pioneer carts.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Odometer (484 words)

	History and Journal of Jesse Wentworth Crosby - NOTES - Page 3
		Called Hart's Bluff when the Mormon's arrived, it was renamed Kanesville and served as a Mormon community from 1846 through 1852 and was an important supply center for both Latter-day Saint emigrants and the California gold rush.
		William Clayton described it as being nine rods wide and three feet deep with a swift current.
		Mormon Ferry was established at the last crossing of the North Platte River.
	www.angelfire.com /ut/jcrosby/history/jesse/jwchn3.html (1300 words)

	Historical Pioneer Biographies - Heritage Gateways
		William Clayton Born in England, 1814; died in Utah, 1879 The Claytons of England originally came from France.
		William Clayton was born July 17, 18l4, in the village of Charock Moss, Township of Penwortham,,, County Palatine of Lancaster, England.
		William Clayton's Journal Published by the Clayton Family Association, and edited by Lawrence Clayton.
	heritage.uen.org /pioneers/Wc2ad47954792b.htm (1472 words)

	Utah History Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		William Clayton, pioneer journalist, scribe, businessman, musician, and composer was born in 1814 and died in 1879.
		Clayton was responsible for keeping many of the important church records in Nauvoo, including those that were considered the most private and sacred.
		Early in February 1846 Clayton was among the first Mormons to leave Nauvoo during the tragic exodus to the West.
	www.media.utah.edu /UHE/c/CLAYTON,WILLIAM.html (431 words)

	Walker, Whittaker, and Allen/Mormon History. Appendix B (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Another useful measure of Mormon bibliography as the new professionalism was emerging was William V. Nash, "Library Resources for the Study of Mormons and Mormonism" (Urbana: Graduate School of Library Science, University of Illinois, 1960, typescript, copy in BYU Library).
		As Mormonism expanded to become a worldwide, multicultural church during the last half of the twentieth century, scholars began to study the role of ethnic groups in the church's history.
		Mormon proselytizing is the subject of David J. Whittaker's bibliographic essay, "Mormon Missiology: An Introduction and Guide to the Sources," in The Disciple as Witness: Essays on Latter-day Saint History and Doctrine in Honor of Richard Lloyd Anderson, ed.
	www.press.uillinois.edu /epub/books/walker/appendix_b.html (8709 words)

	deseretnews.com \| Most likely pioneers didn't find desolate, barren valley
		Pioneer legend paints a grim picture of the Salt Lake Valley — barren, harsh and a desert, save a lone cedar tree.
		William Clayton's journal for July 22, 1847, records his first view of the Salt Lake Valley and comments on the land between the mountains and the Great Salt Lake:
		Jackson believes when the leaders and members of the pioneer companies of 1847 talked about the lack of timber, they were apparently comparing it to the Midwest and also recognizing that it would be a challenge since their homes had been built primarily of wood, and wood was the primary fuel source.
	deseretnews.com /dn/view/0,1249,595079483,00.html (686 words)

	The Infography about the Mormon Pioneer Trail
		Mormon Pioneer Trail : National Historic Trail, Illinois to Utah.
		Jackson, Richard H. "The Overland Journey to Zion." In The Mormon Role in the Settlement of the West, 1-27, edited by Richard H. Jackson.
		Kimball, Stanley B. "The Mormon Migrations of 1846-68 in Perspective." Overland Journal 14 (Spring 1996): 15-22.
	www.infography.com /content/786121349216.html (610 words)

	Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The swales seen in the ground on this 2.4 acre site are from decades of wagon wheels, plodding livestock and pioneers on foot.
		They have survived because the small patch of ground between the modern road and the river was preserved for generations as pastureland.
		The Mormon Pioneer Party crossed the site on April 29, 1847, and William Clayton reported, "The morning very cool.
	www.nps.gov /mopi/mopi/site6.htm (185 words)

	Excerpt: An Intimate Chronicle, The Journals of William Clayton
		Clayton describes how the Saints hurry to perform the necessary rites prior to their departure for the west.
		Clayton, John M. Bernhisel and Lucien Woodworth retired to the Bishops room and consecrated 16 bottles of Oil which had been perfumed by Bishop Whitney for the purpose of anointing.
		They say it will not do to let the Mormons go to California nor Oregon, neither will it do to let them tarry in the States and they must be exterminated from the face of the earth.
	www.signaturebooks.com /excerpts/clayton.htm (14291 words)

	Walker, Whittaker, and Allen/Mormon History. Chapter 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Riley's approach was less analytical than environmental: using the Book of Mormon, which he assumed Smith had written (not translated, as Mormons believe), he concluded that Smith had unconsciously taken the idea of a Hebrew origin of the American Indian and reshaped it according to the prevailing evangelical Protestantism of his neighborhood.
		Mormon biography often lacks the telling anecdote, the offhand comment, the characteristic trivia that great biographers have sized upon to reveal their subjects.
		The Mormon historical literature, including biography, that deals with Joseph Smith is summarized in Thomas G. Alexander, "The Place of Joseph Smith in the Development of American Religions: A Historiographical Inquiry," Journal of Mormon History 5 (1978): 3-17; and Davis Bitton, Images of the Prophet Joseph Smith (Salt Lake City: Aspen Books, 1996), 171-96.
	www.press.uillinois.edu /epub/books/walker/04.html (12690 words)

	Pioneer Bibliography
		The Pioneer Camp of the Saints: The 1846 and 1847 Mormon Trail Journals of Thomas Bullock.
		The Pioneer Camp of the Saints, The 1846 and 1847 Mormon Trail Journals of Thomas Bullock ed.
		Homeward to Zion: The Mormon Migration from Scandinavia.
	www.xmission.com /~nelsonb/pbib.htm (4812 words)

	Utah History To Go - Mormon Pioneers Hit the Dusty Trails In Search of the Land They Called 'Zion'
		Because of their religious clannishness and the Church's doctrine of plural marriage (which will not be publicly acknowledged until 1852), Mormons are derided by non-Mormons (so-called Gentiles) and the press at large.
		In February 1846, the Mormons abandon Nauvoo, cross the Mississippi to Council Bluffs, Iowa, and later in the year establish Winter Quarters near Omaha, Nebraska, in preparation for a final push westward the following spring.
		The stage now is set for the departure of Mormons from "the States," and their subsequent journey beyond the frontier in the search of a "Zion," where they can govern themselves without "outside" interference.
	historytogo.utah.gov /mt45hit.html (748 words)

	History of the Mormon Trail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		February 4, 1846, was the beginning of the Mormon (members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints) trek across Iowa--that Mormon Mesopotamia between the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers.
		The famous Mormon Battalion of the Army of the West during the War with Mexico was enlisted in present-day Council Bluffs.
		The initial Pioneer trek of 1846 was the beginning of at least ten trails across the lower four ranges of counties in southern Iowa used by the Saints up to at least 1863.
	www.omaha.org /trails/history.htm (2741 words)

	Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Contains a variety of maps relating to Mormon migration; especially valuable is Map #37: "Mormon Settlements in the Middle Missouri River Valley" prepared from research by Gail G. Holmes.
		Mormons on the High Seas: Ocean Voyage Narratives to America (1840-1890): Guide to Sources in the Historical Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and Other Utah Repositories (Salt Lake City: Historical Department, LDS Church, 1990).
		On the Mormon Frontier: The Diary of Hosea Stout, 1844-1861 2 vols., Juanita Brooks, ed.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~imaging/into/biblio/biblio.html (3074 words)

	OCTA -- Mormon Trail Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Here are the voices of Tamsen Donner and young Virginia Reed, members of the ill-fated Donner Party; Patty Sessions, the Mormon mid-wife who delivered 5 babies on the trail between Omaha and Salt Lake City; Rachel Fisher, who buried both her husband and her little girl before reaching Oregon.
		William Clayton, a member of the original company, published a 24-page guidebook in 1848.
		William E. Hill is the author of popular books on the Oregon Trail, California Trail and Santa Fe Trail.
	nwocta.com /octastore/mtbooks.htm (867 words)

	Trails of Hope: Maps and Their Use by Overlanders
		By the early 1840s exploration of the west was being carried out under the direction of the U. Corps of Topographical Engineers. Expeditions such as John C. Fremont’swere particularly significant since their advent marked the first time that scientific methods were applied to charting the region.
		William Clayton’s “ The Latter-day Saints' emigrants' guide ” although published with Mormon emigrants in mind, was also quite valuable to Oregon and California bound groups. Unruh even went so far as to call it “one of the most reliable and highly praised of all gold rush guidebooks.”
		Over the course of the major years of emigration along the pioneer trails there was a natural increase in the breadth and depth of published geographical information and the emigrants in the latter years of the pioneer era enjoyed the advantage of more in-depth and accurate data.
	overlandtrails.lib.byu.edu /mapsessay.html (796 words)

	Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The great sand bluffs that plunge to the river's edge near Southerland, Nebraska created a formidable barrier for pioneer wagon trains, forcing emigrants to leave the north side of the North Platte River and go across the hills.
		William Clayton recorded the detour on May 14,1847: "We passed among and around the high bluffs, our course lying nearly in a north direction for some time, then turning south and on approaching the river, nearly southwest.
		When within about three-quarters of a mile of the river, we stopped to feed at twenty minutes to two, having traveled six and a quarter miles.
	www.nps.gov /mopi/mopi/site7.htm (165 words)

	The Mormon Trail in Van Buren County
		The Mormon Trail was traversed by thousands of Latter Day Saints beginning in 1846.
		About the close one of the citizens got up and said it was the wish of many that we should repeat the concert the following evening, and he took a vote of all who wished us to go again.
		The vote was unanimous." (taken from the journals of William Clayton, edited by George D. Smith)
	showcase.netins.net /web/villages/mormvbc.htm (760 words)

	Pratt's Pioneer Resources
		Pioneer Day is July 24 but you can use these resources anytime of the year.
		Modern Pioneers by Elder Dallin H. Oaks Of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles Ensign, Nov. 1989, 64
		Jud's Journey is historical fiction written from the viewpoint of the children as they crossed the plains with their families.
	www.fastq.com /~jbpratt/lds/resources/pioneers.html (790 words)

	Latter-day Saint Inventors / Mormon Inventors
		Colonel Sanders was not from Utah, and he was not a Mormon.
		Called an odometer, it was invented, this week in 1847, by a Mormon pioneer named William Clayton, who was crossing the plains in a covered wagon.
		But it was his pioneering work in digital sound for which Ingebretsen, who was 54 when he died of heart failure Sunday at his Salt Lake City home, received an Academy Award in 1999.
	www.adherents.com /largecom/fam_lds_inv.html (2375 words)

	Journal of Mormon History (MHA Journal) - Table of ContentsVols. 1-28 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Incidence of Mormon Polygamy in 1880: "Dixie" versus
		Mormon "Deliverance" and the Closing of the Frontier Martin Ridge 137
		William Clayton: In the Shadow of Power George D.
	www.jwha.info /mha/jmhtoc.htm (2059 words)

	Trails of Hope: Trail Guides Essay
		Our pioneers are instructed to proceed West until they find a good place to make a crop, in some good valley in the neighborhood of the Rocky Mountains..."
		Two weeks later, on Feb. 4, 1846, because of rumors and threats, the first wagons ferried across the Mississippi River from Nauvoo, Illinois and the Mormon exodus began.
		Emigrant guidebooks had their genesis in personal diary accounts of the trek west that were later printed, and in letters written to eastern homes and newspapers.
	overlandtrails.lib.byu.edu /guides.html (916 words)

	Mormon Pioneer NHT: Historic Resource Study (Table of Contents)
		Mormon Pioneer NHT: Historic Resource Study (Table of Contents)
		Mormon Interest in the Far West to 1846
		Suggestions for Further Research on the Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/mopi/hrst.htm (162 words)

	L. Tom Perry Special Collections - Mormon Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Marvin Wiggins, Mormons and their Neighbors: An Index to over 75,000 Biographical Sketches from 1820 to the Present, 2 volumes (Provo, UT: Harold B. Lee Library, BYU, 1984).
		Stanley B. Kimball, Heber C. Kimball, Mormon Patriarch and Pioneer (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1981).
		James B. Allen, Trials of Discipleship: The Story of William Clayton, a Mormon (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987).
	sc.lib.byu.edu /research/bibliographies/mormonbio.html (506 words)

	May (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This national rail service combined the operations of 18 passenger railways.
		1847 Mormon pioneer William Clayton invented the odometer this date while crossing the plains in a covered wagon.
		Previously mileage had been calculated by counting the revolutions of a rag tied to a spoke of a wagon wheel.
	www.cccusa.net /may.htm (188 words)

	Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 2004303758 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Table of contents for No toil nor labor fear : the story of William Clayton / James B. Allen.
		Bibliographic record and links to related information available from the Library of Congress catalog.
		Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication: Clayton, William, 1814-1879, Mormons United States Biography
	www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/fy053/2004303758.html (58 words)

	Official Dedicatory Exercises Mormon Pioneer Memorial Bridge - May 31 - June 1, 1953
		Official Dedicatory Exercises Mormon Pioneer Memorial Bridge - May 31 - June 1, 1953
		Presenting the early history of Omaha (Winter Quarters) and Council Bluffs (Kanesville) and the trek of the Mormon Pioneers to the Promised Land.
		Cutting of ribbon by a Pioneer and formal opening of the Mormon Pioneer Memorial Bridge
	www.historicomaha.com /brdgprgm.htm (253 words)

	IMS: Albums: Bring Them In
		Testimonies are gained and strengthened, faith grows, and lives are forever changed when an understanding and appreciation for our pioneer heritage is experienced first hand.
		This remarkable new CD, Bring Them In: Celebrating the Spirit of Trek captures the spirit of that experience.
		Read the writers and performers thoughts on the creation of Bring Them In.
	www.inspirationalldsmusic.com /albums/bringthemin.shtml (344 words)

	Those Were the Days, Today in History - May 12
		1847 - As you jog around the block today, think of Mormon pioneer William Clayton.
		It was on this day that he got tired of counting the revolutions of a rag tied to a spoke of a wagon wheel to figure out how many miles he had traveled.
		1966 - Stephen Baldwin (actor: Fled, The Usual Suspects, Under the Hula Moon, Threesome, The Great American Sex Scandal, Born on the Fourth of July, Home Boy, The Young Riders, The Prodigious Hickey, The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas; brother of actors Alec, William and Daniel Baldwin)
	www.440.com /twtd/archives/may12.html (1481 words)

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