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Topic: William Fitzstephen

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	Tournament - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The younger lads, he says, bore javelins disarmed of their steel, by which we may know that the weapon of the elders was the headed lance.
		William of Newbury tells us how the young knights, balked of their favourite sport by the royal mandate, would pass over sea to win glory in foreign lists.
		William Longespee in 1256 was so bruised that he never recovered his strength, and he is among many of whom the like is written.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Tournament (1433 words)

	William Bendings, William FitzStephen
		William Bendings, judge, was according to Geraldus Cambrensis sent to Ireland by Henry II in 1176 as one of the four envoys of whom two were to remain with the Viceroy - two were to return, including Bendings, bringing with them Raimund FitzGerald whose military exploits had aroused the King's jealousy.
		William induced the archbishop to refuse this counsel, as the archbishop
		This William Fitzstephen is probably the same William Fitzstephen whom Henry II in 1176 placed at the head of one of the six circuits into which he divided the country.
	www.jbending.demon.co.uk /adnb.htm (607 words)

	ORB - Medieval English urban history - Florilegium urbanum - Introduction
		The better-known writer is William FitzStephen, who prefaced his biography of Thomas Becket with a depiction of London during the reign of Henry II.
		FitzStephen, according to his own claim, served Becket both in the latter's role of chancellor, by preparing legal documents and assisting in the hearing of petitions, and in his role of archbishop, as a chaplain.
		The reason for a description of London preceding the biography of Becket was, ostensibly, that Becket was – like FitzStephen himself – a Londoner, being the son of Gilbert Becket, a Rouen merchant who settled in London and became an important enough citizen to serve as a sheriff of the city.
	www.the-orb.net /encyclop/culture/towns/florilegium/flor01.html (1226 words)

	Tournament
		By the 12th century the tournament had grown so popular in England that King Henry II found it necessary to forbid the sport which gathered in one place so many barons and knights in arms.
		William Longéspee in 1256 was so bruised that he never recovered his strength, and he is among many of whom the like is written.
		Blunted or "rebated" lance-points came early into use, and by the 14th century the coronall or cronell head was often fitted in place of the point.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/to/Tournament.html (1375 words)

	History of the Christian Church, Volume V: The Middle Ages. A.D. 1049-1294. \| Christian Classics Ethereal Library
		William Longchamp, bishop of Ely and favorite of Richard I., was followed by a retinue of 1000 men.
		In William Rufus’ reign, a high ecclesiastic was no sooner dead than a royal clerk took inventory of his goods and rents, and appropriated them for the crown.
		William the Conqueror provided for ecclesiastical courts, under the charge of bishops and archdeacons, which took the place of the hundred court.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/hcc5.ii.xvii.vii.html (3131 words)

	Florilegium urbanum - Introduction - FitzStephen's Description of London
		The association that FitzStephen seems to imply between sports and the men of the city is that it is the heavy involvement in sporting activities that produces manly males.
		By the time FitzStephen wrote, two sheriffs administered on behalf of the king London and a large area of adjacent territory (Middlesex); as a collection of administrative areas comparable to hundreds, this territory had a status analogous to a shire.
		Not long after FitzStephen wrote, the city authorities rebuilt the bridge in stone; it was an expression of the confidence of communal government, and has remained one of the foremost symbols of the city, down to modern times.
	www.trytel.com /~tristan/towns/florilegium/introduction/intro01.html (6470 words)

	Tobin::Documents>Thomas Becket
		William’s research, however, relied primarily upon the Becket correspondences, an anthology of letters written to and from Thomas Becket, and unfortunately many of these letters are not dated.
		William FitzStephen, for example, writes, “The Lord knew and predestined the blessed Thomas before ever he issued from the womb, and revealed to his mother what manner of man he would be.
		FitzStephen wrote that he “wore a hair-shirt of the roughest kind…he mortified his flesh with the sparest diet, and his accustomed drink was water used for the cooking of hay…Immediately over his hair-shirt he wore the habit of a monk.”
	cc.kzoo.edu /~k02pt01/pfolio/becket.html (7684 words)

	Football - Gurupedia
		Thus the public schools of England, where upper, upper-middle and professional class boys were able to enjoy freedom from constant toil, became the breeding grounds where organised football games with formal rules could be developed and evolve into the modern games that we know today.
		In 1823 William Webb Ellis is said to have "showed a fine disregard for the rules of football, as played in his time" by picking up the ball and running to the opponents' goal, but the evidence for this bold act does not stand up to close examination.
		However, by 1841 (some sources say 1842), running with the ball had become acceptable at Rugby School, as long as a player gathered the ball on the full or from a bounce, he was not offside and he did not pass the ball.
	www.gurupedia.com /f/fo/football.htm (4624 words)

	Amazon.com: "William de Courcy": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Concerning the church of Nuneham.'85 William de Courcy., the king's steward, was accustomed to revere this abbot with the greatest love.
		48 William de Courcy, from the English branch of the family, was soon appointed as one of the royal stewards.49 In general Henry had...
		Roger's stewardship passed to his son Hugh, and William* de Courcy's may similarly have passed to his son, Robert*.88 By contrast there was only one officer at the head of the...
	www.amazon.com /phrase/William-de-Courcy (584 words)

	Football (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-6.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		For example, William Strachey of the Jamestown settlement is the first to record a game played by the Native Americans called Pahsaheman, in 1610.
		In 1823 William Webb Ellis, a pupil at Rugby School, is said to have "showed a fine disregard for the rules of football, as played in his time" by picking up the ball and running to the opponents' goal, but the evidence for this bold act does not stand up to close examination.
		However, by 1841 (some sources say 1842), running with the ball had become acceptable at Rugby, as long as a player gathered the ball on the full or from a bounce, he was not offside and he did not pass the ball.
	football.kiwiki.homeip.net.cob-web.org:8888 (5856 words)

	William Fitzstephen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		William Fitzstephen (died 1190) was a servant of Thomas a Becket, witnessed his murder, and wrote his biography.
		He was made Sheriff of Gloucester by Henry the second, King of England.
		This article incorporates public domain text from: Cousin, John William (1910).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/William_Fitzstephen (127 words)

	Becket Bibliography
		Gourde, Leo T. "An Annotated Translation of the Life of St. Thomas Becket by William Fitzstephen." M.A. thesis, Loyola University Chicago, 1943.
		The Life and Death of Thomas Becket, Chancellor of England and Archbishop of Canterbury: Based on the Account of William fitzStephen, his clerk, with Additions from Other Contemporary Sources.
		Cheney, M. "William fitzStephen and his Life of Archbishop Thomas." Church and Government in the Middle Ages.
	www.loyno.edu /~letchie/becket/bibliog.htm (1243 words)

	WILLIAM FITZSTEPHEN BIOGRAPHY - LIFE - HISTORY - BOOKS - FACTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A short biography of WILLIAM FITZSTEPHEN, including life and history; from the Biographical Dictionary of English Literature by John Cousin
		This summary of interesting facts about WILLIAM FITZSTEPHEN is taken from A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature by John William Cousin.
		Shows when WILLIAM FITZSTEPHEN was born and when died.
	www.321books.co.uk /gutenberg/cousin/p447.htm (173 words)

	Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership
		All pretences to the contrary are here likewise fully answered; and the unlawfulnes of acting, of beholding academicall enterludes, briefly discussed; besides sundry other particulars concerning dancing, dicing, health-drinking, andc.
		By William Prynne, an vtter-barrester of Lincolnes Inne.
		With an appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ and nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second.
	www.lib.umich.edu /tcp/eebo/Top_Ten/Top_10_August2003.html (431 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The fact that the Rugby World Cup is named the ‘William Webb Ellis’ trophy suggests that Ellis should indeed be credited with starting the sport.
		However, though not called Rugby at the time, games involving ‘carrying the ball’ were first recorded as early as 1175 by a monk named William Fitzstephen, who chronicled the games in ‘The History of London.’ These matches were brutal and had very few rules or regulations, leading authorities to ban them.
		One final historical point worthy of mention is that the same whistle has been used to start the first game of every world cup and it is believed this whistle, said to be 100 years old, was also used in the 1924 Olympic Rugby final in which the USA beat France 17-3.
	www.personal.psu.edu /students/d/m/dmc330/assignment7rugby.htm (995 words)

	all things William (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		It is difficult to find in life any event which so effectually condenses intense nervous sensation into the shortest possible space of time as does the work of shooting, or running an immense rapid.
		Older citizens, fathers, and wealthy citizens come on horseback to watch their juniors competing, and to relive their own youth vicariously: you can see their inner passions aroused as they watch the action and get caught up in the fun being had by the carefree adolescents.
		I always told myself that it was a dream to make it, but it's a dream of mine that when you do make it, you act like you've been here for a while.
	allthingswilliam.com /sports.html (7201 words)

	The Tower of London: 'a very great and most strong tower.' UNESCO Courier - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Puritans of Oliver Cromwell's William the Conqueror's Tower, whose stark silhouette has long been a familiar feature of the London skyline, is a microcosm of nine centuries of English history.
		The symbol of the power of the monarchy, it has never surrendered except to the sightseers who flock to it in their millions and make it one of the British capital's most popular tourist venues.
		Adjacent to the Jewel House is the massive White Tower, the original tower built by William the Conqueror at the end of the eleventh century.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1310/is_1994_Sept/ai_16354500 (766 words)

	The Becket Leaves - Reviews - Life, Passion, Miracles
		Soon afterward, William FitzStephen collects accounts of the miracles associated with the new saint.
		The fairies are mentioned ("the fairy people had come east that year"..."a fairy coven came" [p 115]), as are their "mounds," and one minor character is supposed to have been fathered by a fairy, but this aspect is not overemphasized.
		Henry tells Thomas about his belief that William Rufus was a sacrifice for his people and speaks with him about kingly substitutes, but this theme, once mentioned, is curiously underdeveloped.
	www.angelfire.com /pa4/becketleaves/becketleaveslpm.html (428 words)

	BOWLS - Online Information article about BOWLS
		WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. Ger.
		SKETCH (directly adapted from Dutch schets, which was taken from Ital.
		Mark; they also use Bucklers, like fighting Men." It is commonly supposed that by jactus lapidum Fitzstephen meant the See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /BOS_BRI/BOWLS.html (5316 words)

	New Page 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Many believe that rugby was born in 1823 when William Webb Ellis "with fine disregard for the rules of football (soccer) as played in his time, first took the ball in his arms and ran with it, thus originating the distinctive feature of the Rugby game".
		This was documented by a London born monk called William Fitzstephen who wrote a history of London in Latin where he documented youths "playing with the ball in wide open spaces".
		He went on to mention that a large game consisting of all the cities youth took place on Shrove Tuesday in a large flat open space just outside the city.
	webpages.csus.edu /~sac90892/new_page_7.htm (330 words)

	Places of Scottish Interest - London
		This is the memorial to Sir William Wallace on the wall of one of the buldings of St. Bartholomew's hospital in East Central London - in the area known as Smithfield (old "Smoothfield") This plaque is near the place where Sir William Wallace gave his life in the cause of Scottish Liberty.
		If I or my soldiers have plundered or done injury to the houses or ministers of religion, I repent me of my sin; but it is not of Edward of England I shall ask pardon."
		See a history of the death of Sir William Wallace.
	thecapitalscot.com /scotplaces/London/london.html (269 words)

	Greg Bard's Genealogical Records
		At that time England, split in a vicious civil war, was divided into areas controlled by Matilda, the daughter of Henry I, and those controlled by Stephen, grandson of William the Conqueror.
		A story told by William FitzStephen, a friend and biographer of Becket, illustrates not only Becket's friendship with Henry, but his reputation as less that charitable:
		According to William FitzStephen, the warning, "Fly, you are a dead man," was shouted by one of the attackers, but Becket resisted and was brutally murdered.
	www.shocking.com /~gregbard/genealogy/not01494.php (1312 words)

	HHS Latin Courses
		Latin Three is designed to reinforce basic Latin grammar and to train students to read and interpret a wide variety of authentic Latin literature, both poetry and prose.
		Authors studied include Cicero, Caesar, Pliny, William Fitzstephen, and Vergil.
		This course is primarily designed to prepare students for Advanced Placement study.
	www.vroma.org /~rsellers/courses.html (300 words)

	TRIVIAL PURSUIT FOR THE ANACHRONIST
		The races were "without the gates of London at Smithfield", says the source, William Fitzstephen, who described the city of London at length in his biography of St. Thomas Becket.
		There were also horse fairs, "usually attended", continues William, "by earls, barons, and knights".
		Bitter disputes broke out between the local residents and these bailiffs, and this is the basis of the story of William Tell, who was a completely mythological character.
	scholar76.tripod.com /trivia2.htm (2880 words)

	Emperor Charlemagne and Mérovée King of the Salic Franks - Person Page 8
		Gerloc or Ade`le was the daughter of Ganger Rolf "Rollo The Viking" Count of Rouen.
		In his coronation charter (1100) Henry promised to remedy the alleged misrule of William II; this document was the first English royal charter of liberties, the ancestor of Magna Carta (1215).
		He was the son of William I "The Conqueror" King of England and Maud (Matilda) of Flanders.
	www.tracycrocker.com /OCC/p8.htm (5398 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: Accounts of Medieval Literacy and Education, c. 1090-1530
		For my ancestors came with William the Bastard and conquered their lands with the sword, and by the sword I will defend them from anyone intending to seize them.
		I wished to have a copy too, but in truth, since the bearer was in haste to depart, and the winter cold prevented me from writing, I made a full and accurate abbreviation on tablets, and now I shall endeavor to entrust it summarily to parchment.
		After inquiring from his hostess about board and accommodation, she presented her son, around ten years old, and he questioned him thus: "My child, have you been to school?" "Yes, sir," he said, "by your leave." "At what place?" he asked.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/medieval-memory.html (1847 words)

	PtwoM
		North-West Company fur-trader, Peter Grant wrote of the high spirits with which the Ojibwa played lacrosse, and, in 1643, Roger Williams noted, the Algonquins "have great meetings of football playing...
		In fact, William Baker contends that, with rules imposed, the football played among the Massachuset, Micmac, Narraganset, and Powhatan tribes were far more 'civilized' than the peasant game of rural England.
		Played ostensibly for pleasure, the ball games of both civilizations were 'tension reducers' and a form of combat.
	www.ucalgary.ca /applied_history/tutor/popculture/PtwoM.html (1081 words)

	origins of Rugby
		So much so in fact that the international committee named the Rugby world cup the "William Webb Ellis Trophy".
		Webb Ellis' father was stationed in Ireland with the Dragoons, where, it is said, he would have witnessed the native game of Caid (Cad), could he have passed this on to his son or was Willian's act of running with the ball one of pure inspiration?
		This was documented by a London born monk called William Fitzstephen who wrote a 'history of London' in Latin where he documented:
	www.rugbyfootballhistory.com /originsofrugby.htm (1776 words)

	Find in a Library: The life and death of Thomas Becket, Chancellor of England and Archbishop of Canterbury : based on ...
		Find in a Library: The life and death of Thomas Becket, Chancellor of England and Archbishop of Canterbury : based on the account of William fitzStephen, his clerk, with additions from other contemporary sources.
		The life and death of Thomas Becket, Chancellor of England and Archbishop of Canterbury : based on the account of William fitzStephen, his clerk, with additions from other contemporary sources.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/b275d58bedc6ec60a19afeb4da09e526.html (137 words)

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