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Topic: William IV of Luxembourg

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William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Adolphe of Luxembourg

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Charlotte of Luxembourg

Jean of Luxembourg

Grand Duke of Luxembourg

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Prince Louis of Luxembourg

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	Luxembourg, grand duchy, W Europe. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Luxembourg’s grand duke is the titular head of state; the head of government is the prime minister, who is aided by a council of ministers.
		The county of Luxembourg (originally Lützelburg), extending between the Meuse and Moselle rivers and including the Luxembourg province of Belgium, was one of the largest fiefs in the Holy Roman Empire.
		William III died (1890) without a male heir; his daughter Wilhelmina succeeded him in the Netherlands, but Duke Adolf of Nassau, from a collateral line, became grand duke of Luxembourg.
	www.bartleby.com /65/lu/Luxembou.html (1117 words)

	WILLIAM IV. (ENGLAND) - LoveToKnow Article on WILLIAM IV. (ENGLAND) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		War was already declared in 1702, but William, who had long been ailing, died from the combined effects of a fall from his horse and a chill on the 8th of March 1702.
		In viewing William's character as a whole one is struck by its entire absence of ostentation, a circumstance which reveals his mind and policy more clearly than would otherwise be the case.
		Often baffled, but never despairing, William fought on to the end, and the ideas and the spirit of his policy continued to triumph long after the death of their author.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /W/WI/WILLIAM_IV_ENGLAND_.htm (722 words)

	Grand Duke of Luxembourg - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Luxembourg is a constitutional monarchy whose Head of State is the Grand Duke of Luxembourg (or Grand Duchess of Luxembourg in the exceptional but twice occurred event of the sovereign being female).
		At the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the Duchy of Luxembourg was raised to the rank of a grand duchy and was ceded to the new King of the Netherlands, who thus also became the first Grand Duke of Luxembourg.
		Specifically, the daughter of William III became Queen of the Netherlands, while a woman was not allowed to succeed to the throne of Luxembourg, giving way to a more distant relative.
	www.open-encyclopedia.com /Grand_Duke_of_Luxembourg (405 words)

	Adolf of Luxembourg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Grand Duke Adolf of Luxembourg, Adolf Wilhelm August Karl Friedrich of Nassau-Weilburg (July 24, 1817 - November 17, 1905) was the last Duke of Nassau, and the fourth Grand Duke of Luxembourg.
		In 1890, when Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands was excluded from the succession to Luxembourg by the Salic Law, the Grand Duchy passed to the dispossessed Duke Adolf.
		One of them was the eldest son, William (1852-1912), who became Grand Duke at his father's death in 1905.
	www.bidprobe.com /en/wikipedia/a/ad/adolf_of_luxembourg.html (182 words)

	Search Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Frederick William IV Frederick William IV, 1795-1861, king of Prussia (1840-61), son and successor of Frederick William III.
		Frederick William III Frederick William III, 1770-1840, king of Prussia (1797-1840), son and successor of Frederick William II.
		William I William I, 1797-1888, emperor of Germany (1871-88) and king of Prussia (1861-88), second son of the future King Frederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg.
	www.encyclopedia.com /searchpool.asp?target=Frederick+William+IV (532 words)

	boys clothing: European royalty--Luxemburg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Luxembourg was regarded as an important strategic possession due to its formidable fortress known as the "Gibraltar of the North".
		William von Nassau, Grand Duke of Luxemburg, was born in 1852.
		Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg was born at Berg Castle on January 23, 1896, the second daughter of Grand Duke William (Guillaume) and Grand Duchess Marie-Anne, Princess of Braganca, Princess (Infanta) of Portugal.
	histclo.hispeed.com /royal/lux/royal-lux.htm (2334 words)

	Royalty.nu - Grand Dukes and Duchesses of Luxembourg, the House of Nassau
		Luxembourg is a constitutional monarchy; the grand duke is the head of state, but he swears to observe the country's laws and has little political power.
		In the early Middle Ages, Luxembourg belonged to the Frankish kingdoms of Austrasia and Lotharingia, and became part of the Holy Roman Empire.
		France conquered the Austrian Netherlands in 1795, and for the next 20 years Luxembourg was France's "Department of Forests." In 1815, after the overthrow of Napoleon I, the Congress of Vienna granted Luxembourg independence as a grand duchy and gave it to King William I of the Netherlands.
	www.royalty.nu /Europe/Luxembourg.html (1059 words)

	Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg, the head of state of Luxembourg was born at Betzdorf Castle in Luxembourg on 16 April 1955, the eldest son of Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg and Grand Duchess Joséphine-Charlotte (née Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium).
		Henri was educated in Luxembourg and in France, where he obtained his baccalureat in 1974.
		Prince Henri became heir apparent to the Luxembourg throne on the abdication of his paternal grandmother, Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg, on 12 November 1964.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Henri_of_Luxembourg (518 words)

	My Family (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		was born in 1416 in Of, Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
		was born in 1418 in Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg>.
		was born in 1390 in Of,, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~reynaud/d73.htm (1281 words)

	Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, Marie-Adélaïde Thérèse Hilda Wilhelmine (June 14, 1894 – January 24, 1924) was a daughter of Grand Duke Guillaume IV of Luxembourg.
		She was also the first sovereign of Luxembourg since 1296 to have actually been born within the country.
		She was highly interested in politics, and considering herself sovereign by the grace of God she did not refrain from intervening in the political life of the Grand Duchy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Marie-Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_of_Luxembourg (221 words)

	Maximilian Genealogy Master Database 2000 - pafg846 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		William IV of Luxembourg VON NASSAU was born 22 Apr 1852.
		William IV of Luxembourg VON NASSAU [Parents] was born 22 Apr 1852.
		Charlotte of LUXEMBOURG Grand Duchess was born 23 Jan 1896 and died 9 Jul 1985.
	www.peterwestern.f9.co.uk /maximilia/pafg846.htm (560 words)

	Index to royal Genealogical Data - ordered by forename - part 109 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		William I the Pious of Aquitaine, Duke of Aquitaine
		William III of Jülich, Duke of Jülich and Berg
		William IV of Bavaria, Duke of Bavaria Wittelsbach
	www.dcs.hull.ac.uk /genealogy/royal/gedFx109.html (1554 words)

	Adolf of Luxembourg - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Grand Duke Adolphe of Luxembourg, Adolph Wilhelm August Karl Friedrich of Nassau-Weilburg (July 24, 1817 - November 17, 1905) was the last Duke of Nassau, and the fourth Grand Duke of Luxembourg.
		Adolph became Duke of Nassau in 1839, after the death of his father, William.
		In 1890, when Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands was excluded from the succession to Luxembourg by the Salic Law, the Grand Duchy passed to the dispossessed Duke Adolph.
	www.open-encyclopedia.com /Adolf_I_of_Luxembourg (177 words)

	Luxembourg - Simple English Wikipedia
		The countries next to Luxembourg are Belgium, Germany and France.
		1443 Luxembourg was captured by Philip of Burgundy.
		It was ruled by the king of the Netherlands.
	simple.wikipedia.org /wiki/Luxembourg (263 words)

	William
		William is the modern English form of a Norman name, Willelm, comming from the Germanic name Wilhelm, or Willahelm.
		William was a later Germanic name and did not appear in England in the Anglo-Saxon period.
		It was brought to the island with William the Conqueror and the Norman French in 1066.
	www.geocities.com /edgarbook/names/w/william.html (436 words)

	William IV -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		A versatile Middle Scots poet attached to the court of James IV, William Dunbar was the dominant figure among the courtly poets known as the Scottish Chaucerians in the golden age of Scottish poetry.
		He was at ease in hymn and satire, morality and obscene comedy, panegyric and begging complaint, elegy and lampoon, and he moved freely from one to another for...
		William, as a second son, was not expected to ascend to the throne, and he devoted himself entirely to the army.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9077031?tocId=9077031 (815 words)

	Marie Adelaide of Luxembourg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Grand Duchess Marie-Adélaïde of Luxembourg, Marie-Adélaïde Thérèse Hilda Wilhelmine(June 14, 1894 - January 24, 1924) was a daughter of Grand Duke William IV of Luxembourg.
		She was also the first sovereignof Luxembourg since 1296 to have actually been born within the country.
		She was highly interested in politics, and considering herself souvereign by the grace of God she did not refrain fromintervening in the political life of the Grand Duchy.
	www.therfcc.org /marie-adelaide-of-luxembourg-163437.html (174 words)

	The Titles of the European Rulers
		In 1354 Luxembourg was elevated to the rank of Duchy of the Empire.
		In 1409 Elizabeth of Görlitz (+1451), Duchess of Luxembourg, married Anthony of Burgundy (+1415), Duke of Brabant and Limburg;
		Elizabeth was the youngest daughter of Albert (+1439), King of Germany, Bohemia and Hungary, and Elizabeth of Luxembourg (+1442), the daughter of Emperor Sigismund (+1437).
	www.geocities.com /eurprin/luxembourg.html (7408 words)

	THE GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBOURG (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Henry IV, who was a first cousin of Conrad II became Count of Luxembourg, and shortly afterwards became Count of Namur, which brought him other lands and made him one of the most powerful men in the region.
		William III of the Netherlands (1849-1890) died without a male heir, and the link between Luxembourg and the Netherlands was broken.
		Century the Luxembourg vineyards extended all the way from the Moselle to the Ardennes, but there was a catastrophic winter in 1708-9 when frosts killed almost all the vines.
	www.muggleton.net /LUXHIST.htm (14580 words)

	Adolf of Luxembourg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Grand Duke Adolf of Luxembourg, Adolf Wilhelm August Karl Friedrich ofNassau-Weilburg (July 24, 1817 - November 17, 1905) was the last Duke of Nassau, and the fourth Grand Duke of Luxembourg.
		In 1890, when Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands wasexcluded from the succession to Luxembourg by the Salic Law, the Grand Duchypassed to the dispossessed Duke Adolf.
		One of them was the eldest son, William (1852 - 1912), who became Grand Duke at his father's death in 1905.
	www.therfcc.org /adolf-of-luxembourg-140313.html (173 words)

	Grand Duke of Luxembourg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Luxembourg was inherited in accordance to the Nassau Family Pact which was based firstly upon Salic Law in favor of all agnatic lines of the medievally-originated House of Nassau, and apparently was interptetable to allow female succession only in Semi-Salic basis if all agnatic lines become extinct.
		Specifically, partition occurred when the daughter of William III became Queen of the Netherlands, while a woman was not allowed to succeed to the throne of Luxembourg, giving way to a more distant relative.
		In 1907, however, Grand Duke William IV, having no sons, allowed his eldest daughter to succeed him (this interpretation implying that the Nassau Family Pact allows Semi-Salic succession).
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/G/Grand-Duke-of-Luxembourg.htm (552 words)

	THE ORDER OF OUR LADY OF THE CONCEPTION OF VILA VIÇOSA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		While a state of war continued between Portugal and Spain until the latter was finally defeated at the battle of Montes Claros in 1665, the Portuguese quickly succeeded in achieving international recognition and control of their colonial possessions.
		After becoming King in 1640, João IV moved to Lisbon but he and his successors continued to visit Villa Viçosa which became a "royal" town.
		João IV had been succeeded by each of his two elder sons, of whom the first, Alfonso, died in confinement to be succeeded by his brother, Pedro, who had been ruling as Regent.
	www.chivalricorders.org /orders/portugal/vilavic.htm (3453 words)

	AllRefer.com - Nassau, former duchy, Germany, Germany (German Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		with William the Silent, who inherited the principality of Orange in S France and became stadtholder of the Netherlands.
		William III died (1702) without direct heirs, and the principality of Orange (which had become purely titular) passed to John William Friso, of the collateral branch of Nassau-Dietz.
		His son, Prince William IV, became (1748) hereditary stadtholder of the Netherlands, and from him all subsequent rulers of the Netherlands (except Louis Bonaparte) are descended in direct line.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/N/NassauGer.html (509 words)

	WiWl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Born August 31, 1880 in The Hague, Netherlands, she was the constitutional monarch, 1890-1948 and symbol of Dutch resistance during World War II by establishing government in exile in England.
		WILLIAM I of England (1027-1087) King, military leader, "the Conqueror".
		At the battle of Hastings, October 14, 1066, Harold was defeated and killed and William was crowned king of England on December 25.
	www.philately.com /philately/biowiwl.htm (4218 words)

	Charlotte of Luxembourg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg Charlotte Aldegonde Élise Marie Wilhelmine (January 23 1896 - July 9 1985) was the second daughter of Grand William IV of Luxembourg.
		When her older sister Grand Duchess Marie-Adélaïde who had succeeded the father was to abdicate on January 14 1919 Charlotte became the one who had deal with the revolutionary tendencies in the Contrary to her sister she chose not meddle with its politics.
		On November 12 1964 she abdicated in favour of the eldest Jean who had then been regent for three years.
	www.freeglossary.com /Charlotte_of_Luxembourg (468 words)

	Luxembourg, grand duchy, W Europe: History
		William III died (1890) without a male heir; his daughter Wilhelmina succeeded him in the Netherlands, but Duke Adolf of
		In 1914, Germany violated the neutrality of the grand duchy and occupied it for the duration of World War I. Grand Duchess Marie Adelaide abdicated in 1919 in favor of her sister,
		Luxembourg entered the United Nations (1946) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949, and it received
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/world/A0859387.html (675 words)

	Luxembourg -> History on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Congress of Vienna (1814-15) officially made Luxembourg a grand duchy, in personal union through the sovereign with the Netherlands.
		A constitutional revision (1948) abolished the perpetual neutrality of the grand duchy, a status that in practice had ended with the introduction of compulsory military service (1944-67).
		Big year for Luxembourg; grand dialogue for the Grand Duchy.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/luxembou_history.asp (1031 words)

	Luxembourg : In Depth : Dateline \| Frommers.com
		1288 Luxembourg suffers a crushing defeat in the Battle of Worringen, putting an end to its acquisition of land in Limburg and Brabant.
		1354 Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV, the grandson of Henry IV, raises Luxembourg's status from a county to a duchy.
		1506 Luxembourg is inherited by the future Habsburg Emperor and King of Spain Charles V. Following the 1554 destruction of the Town Hall by a gunpowder explosion, construction is completed on the original wing of the ducal palace.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/luxembourg/0107020051.html (671 words)

	Luxembourg : Dateline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		963 Sigefroi, count of the Ardennes and founder of the House of Luxembourg, acquires an old Roman fortress called Lucilinburhuc and builds a small castle on a rocky outcrop called the Bock, laying the foundation for the future city of Luxembourg.
		1244 Countess Ermesinda, who is credited with being the founder of Luxembourg, grants rights and freedoms to the citizens of the town of Luxembourg and autonomy to its administration.
		1308 Henry VII, count of Luxembourg, is elected king of Germany, and in 1312 is crowned Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/print-narrative.cfm?destID=107&catID=0107020051 (621 words)

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