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	William Sancroft - Encyclopedia.com
		William Sancroft, 1617-93, English prelate, archbishop of Canterbury.
		Sancroft refused to take the oath of allegiance to William and Mary.
		He was suspended (1689) and deprived (1690) of his office, and in his retirement became leader of the nonjurors.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Sancroft.html (960 words)

	William Sancroft
		William Sancroft (1616-1693), archbishop of Canterbury, was born at Fressingfield in Suffolk on January 30, 1616, and entered Emmanuel College, Cambridge, in July 1634.
		He became M.A. in 1641 and fellow in 1642, but was ejected in 1649 for refusing to accept the "Engagement." He then remained abroad till the Restoration, after which he was chosen one of the university preachers, and in 1663 was nominated to the deanery of York.
		Sancroft was a patron of Henry Wharton[?] (1664-1695), the divine and church historian, to whom on his deathbed he entrusted his manuscripts and the remains of Archbishop Laud (published in 1695).
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/wi/William_Sancroft.html (306 words)

	Nonjurors - LoveToKnow 1911
		Other distinguished nonjurors among the clergy were: William Sherlock, master of the Temple, Jeremy Collier, the ecclesiastical historian, Charles Leslie, the controversialist, George Hickes, dean of Worcester, Nathanael Spinckes, John Fitzwilliam, canon of Windsor, and John Kettlewell, the devotional writer.
		With the approval of William III., Gilbert Burnet, bishop of Salisbury, attempted to reconcile them to the new order; and it was only when the generous terms offered by Burnet had been refused, that, in February 1690, they were deprived of their sees and other benefices.
		A large number of the Presbyterians in Scotland, principally found among the Cameronians, also refused to take the oaths of allegiance to William and Mary; but as their reasons for this refusal were quite different from those of the episcopalian nonjurors, they are not usually referred to by this name (see Cameronians).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Nonjurors (658 words)

	William Sancroft
		William Sancroft was born at Ufford Hall on 30th January 1617.
		Following the glorious Revolution of 1688, having already given allegiance to James, he felt unable to swear a new oath to William and Mary and was deposed as Archbishop in 1690, returning to Ufford Hall where he died on 24th November 1693.
		William Sancroft made financial provision for the spiritual, education and administrative care of Fressingfield: in his arrangements the Vicar, a Village Schoolmaster and the Parish Clerk.
	www.onesuffolk.co.uk /FressingfieldPC/Villagehistory/WilliamSancroft.htm (109 words)

	Church of england
		The Roman Catholic James II attempted to move the church toward Rome, but in 1688 William Sancroft, archbishop of Canterbury, and six other bishops refused the king's order to read his declaration of toleration in all churches.
		After the overthrow of James in the Glorious Revolution (1688), the Bill of Rights (1689) declared that the monarch must be Protestant and the Act of Settlement (1701) required that he or she be a member of the Church of England.
		The issue of homosexuality among the clergy has been divisive, however, and the selection of a celibate gay priest as a candidate for bishop of Reading in 2003 led to a sometimes bitter public fight over the choice that was only resolved when the candidate decided to withdraw his name.
	www.myenglandtravel.com /church-of-england-history.html (1388 words)

	Emmanuel College - About Emmanuel - Famous Members (Site not responding. Last check: )
		William Sancroft, though Master of the College for only three years, was one of Emmanuel's greatest benefactors.
		Sancroft, though a royalist, was a moderate, with friends on both sides, and retained his fellowship until 1651, when he anticipated ejection by voluntary withdrawal.
		Sancroft with six of his bishops protested to the King at this unconstitutional act, and thus provoked their imprisonment and trial for sedition.
	www.emma.cam.ac.uk /about/famous/index.cfm?id=6 (417 words)

	ooBdoo
		William was the son of her aunt, Mary, Princess Royal, and Prince William II of Nassau.
		William, who had grown increasingly to rely on Mary, was devastated by her death, reportedly said that "from being the happiest" he was "now going to be the miserablest creature on earth".
		When William III died in 1702, he was succeeded by Anne, and she in turn was succeeded by the son of the deceased Electress Sophia, George I.
	www.oobdoo.com /wikipedia/index.php?title=Mary_II_of_England (2255 words)

	William and Mary
		William, the son of William II, Prince of Orange and Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange, was born in The Hague.
		The reign of William's successor, Anne, was marked by attempts to extend the provisions of the Act of Settlement to Scotland.
		William was the son of her aunt, Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange, and of Prince William II of Nassau.
	www.dymock.org /William_and_Mary.htm (4762 words)

	William III
		William III felt insecure about his position; though only his wife was formally eligible to assume the throne, he wished to reign as King in his own right, rather than as a mere consort.
		William was opposed to the imposition of such constraints, but he wisely chose not to engage in a conflict with Parliament and agreed to abide by the statute.
		William lost Namur, a part of his Dutch territory, in 1692, and was disastrously beaten at the Battle of Landen in 1693.
	www.the-world-in-focus.com /Europe/England/Royal_Family/williamiiia.html (1268 words)

	William III of England - Medbib.com, the modern encyclopedia
		William III was appointed to the Dutch post of Stadtholder on 28 June 1672, and remained in office until he died.
		William of Orange, the son of William II, Prince of Orange and Mary, Princess Royal of England, was born in The Hague, The Netherlands.
		William lost Namur in the Spanish Netherlands in 1692, and was disastrously beaten at the Battle of Landen in 1693.
	www.medbib.com /William_III_of_Orange (4200 words)

	Day 346 \| Weather \| Guardian Unlimited
		William Sancroft, the Archbishop of Canterbury, had played a key part in precipitating the Glorious Revolution with his spirited refusal to accept James II's promotion of Catholicism.
		Sancroft and the many others who could not stomach the dethronement of a legitimate monarch, were deprived of their livelihoods and became known as non-jurors.
		One of the curiosities of the war was that William III, the Orange hero of modern mythology, was fighting as an ally of Pope Alexander VIII, and later Innocent XII, against the Catholic Jacobites.
	www.guardian.co.uk /Millennium/0,2833,280038,00.html (685 words)

	AllRefer.com - William Sancroft (Protestant Christianity, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		William Sancroft[sang´krOft] Pronunciation Key, 1617–93, English prelate, archbishop of Canterbury.
		Sancroft refused to take the oath of allegiance to William and Mary.
		He was suspended (1689) and deprived (1690) of his office, and in his retirement became leader of the nonjurors.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Sancroft.html (289 words)

	The Lives of the Seven Bishops, by Agnes Strickland
		Sancroft, though known to be the particular friend of the master of Emmanuel, was overlooked in this first attack on the liberties of the university; yet he made no secret of his courageous determination to resist the oppressive edicts of the so-called champions of liberty.
		Sancroft bewailed the murder of the king with impassioned eloquence in a letter to his father, who fully participated in the feelings of grief, indignation, and horror with which he regarded that crime.
		Sancroft was selected to preach the sermon in Westminster Abbey, November 18, 1660, on the consecration of his friend, Dr. Cosin, to the bishopric of Durham, and of six other bishops.
	anglicanhistory.org /nonjurors/strickland/sancroft1.html (3798 words)

	Accessions of archives and MSS: Parker and Sancroft Manuscripts
		Amongst our new acquisitions is a document in Sancroft’s hand recounting his first hours on leaving Lambeth, ‘driven from my own House’, hounded by the sheriff of Surrey and then, on crossing the Thames to temporary refuge at the Temple, by the sheriff of Middlesex.
		As the leader of the nonjurors, those who refused to take the oath of allegiance to William and Mary, Sancroft was an object of suspicion, and our document shows that efforts to entrap him began during those uneasy hours which he spent at the Temple, anticipating arrest and with ‘eyes and spies upon me’.
		In 1692 a paper was forged associating Sancroft, Sprat and others in a conspiracy to restore James II to the throne.
	www.lambethpalacelibrary.org /news/Annualreport2004/accessions_archivesMSS_parkersancroft.html (540 words)

	Glorious Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		William was also stadtholder of the main provinces of the Dutch Republic, then in the preliminary stages of joining the War of the Grand Alliance against France.
		They accepted William's argument that a preventive strike was necessary to avoid a repeat of the events of 1672, when England and France had jointly attacked the Republic, "an attempt to bring this state to its ultimate ruin and subjugation, as soon as they find the occasion".
		On October 10 William issued the Declaration of The Hague, 60,000 copies of the English translation of which were distributed in England, in which he assured that his only aim was to maintain the Protestant religion, install a free parliament and investigate the legitimacy of the Prince of Wales.
	www.lastproxy.com /php-proxy.php?hl=&q=aHR0cDovL2VuLndpa2lwZWRpYS5vcmcvd2lraS9HbG9yaW91c19SZXZvbHV0aW9u (5585 words)

	William III of Britain (Toyotomi) - Alternative History
		He was also related to the English Royal Family; his mother was the daughter of King Charles I. William III continued to fight, with Japanese assistance, against the invaders from England and France (see Third Anglo-Dutch War), afterwards allying himself with Spain.
		William was succeeded as monarch in England, Scotland, and Wales by his wife, and his possessions in the Netherlands were inherited by his son, who would succeed his mother in England, Scotland, and Wales upon the later's abdication.
		During William's reign, however, the conflict was settled in Parliament's favour by the Bill of Rights 1689 and the Triennial Act 1694.
	althistory.wikia.com /wiki/William_III_of_Britain_(Toyotomi) (2390 words)

	William III
		William attempted to conciliate James, whom he hoped would join the League of Augsburg, whilst at the same time trying not to offend the Protestant party in England.
		William III was insecure about his position; he wished to be King in his own right, rather than a mere consort.
		The Spaniards, however, were shocked by William's boldness; they had not been previously consulted on the dismemberment of their own empire, and strove to keep the Spanish territories united.
	www.claddagh.com /library/williamiii.htm (3174 words)

	Cromohs Seminari - Cornwall - The Theologies of the Nonjurors: A Historiographical Essay
		It is in the midst of this political turmoil, with all of its religious antecedents, that the nonjuring movement was born.
		William Sancroft, the archbishop of Canterbury, together with seven other bishops and four hundred clergy were evicted from their places in church and state, while the episcopal Church of Scotland, upon its refusal recognize William and Mary's claim to the throne, was disestablished and replaced with the Presbyterians.
		William H. Hutton, The English Church from the Accession of Charles I to the Death of Anne (1625-1714), 241.
	www.cromohs.unifi.it /seminari/cornwall_nonjuror.html (5416 words)

	Non-Jurors
		The name given to the Anglican Churchmen who in 1689 refused to take the oath of allegiance to William and Mary, and their successors under the Protestant Succession Act of that year.
		The original Non-jurors were not friendly towards James II; indeed five of these bishops had been among the seven whose resistance to his Declaration of Indulgence earlier in the same year had contributed to the invitation which caused the Prince of Orange to come over.
		But desiring William and Mary as regents they distinguished between this and accepting them as sovereigns, regarding the latter as inconsistent with the oath taken to James.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/n/non-jurors.html (490 words)

	Glorious Revolution information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		William was also stadtholder of the Netherlands, then in the early stages of a war with the French: the War of the Grand Alliance.
		On the 26th William, on the advice of his Whig allies, summoned an assembly of all the surviving MPs of Charles II's reign, thus bypassing the Tories of the Loyal Parliament of 1685.
		William and Mary were offered the throne as joint rulers, an arrangement which they accepted (William demanded the title of king and disdained the office of regent).
	c10-ss-1-lb.cnet.com /reference/Glorious_Revolution (1982 words)

	Northbourne Sources: Thomas Brett
		The bishops, led by the Archbishop of Canterbury, William Sancroft (1617-1693), refused to take a new oath on the grounds that James II was still the lawful sovereign.
		This was not unfamiliar ground for William Sancroft, in 1651 he had been dismissed as a fellow at the University of Cambridge for refusing to take an oath of allegiance to the government of the Commonwealth.
		Sancroft and a group of seven bishops had been imprisoned in the Tower of London (April - June 1688) for opposing policies of the James II.
	freespace.virgin.net /andrew.parkinson4/brett.html (1806 words)

	Henry Wharton at AllExperts
		In 1686 he entered the service of the ecclesiastical historian, the Rev. William Cave (1637-1713), whom he helped in his literary work; but considering that his assistance was not sufficiently appreciated he soon forsook this employment.
		In 1687 he was ordained deacon, and in 1688 he made the acquaintance of the archbishop of Canterbury, William Sancroft, under whose generous patronage some of his literary work was done.
		In 1689 he took the oath of allegiance to William and Mary, but he wrote a severe criticism of bishop Burnet's History of the Reformation, and it was partly owing to the bishop's hostility that he did not obtain further preferment in the English church.
	en.allexperts.com /e/h/he/henry_wharton.htm (441 words)

	BBC - Radio 4 - This Sceptred Isle - The Kingdom of William and Mary
		William III was contemptuous of England and all English.
		William was busy with plans for his war with France.
		William III and Mary II become king and queen of England
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio4/history/sceptred_isle/page/83.shtml?question=83 (356 words)

	William III of England - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A Protestant, William participated in many wars against the powerful Roman Catholic King Louis XIV of France.
		William III of England or William III of Orange, the son of William II, Prince of Orange and Mary Stuart, was born in The Hague.
		Eight days before he was born, his father died from battle wounds; thus, William became the Sovereign Prince of Orange at the moment of his birth.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/William_III_of_Orange (3827 words)

	Untitled Document
		That excellent prelate, Dr. William Sancroft (see below, this page), Archbishop of Canterbury, was born at Ufford Hall, in this parish, where he resided after he had sacrified to conscientious scruples the high dignity which he enjoyed.
		The upper room of the Guildhall is used as a schoolroom and the lower part of the building is a public house (the Fox and Goose), and is let with the land for 25 pounds per annum, which is applied in the service of the Church.
		William Sancroft was an archbishop of Canterbury, born in 1617 at Fressingfield.Until 1651 he was a fellow of Emmanual College Cambridge.
	www.laurencebarber.ca /Places/Suffolk/Fressingfield/white's_dir.htm (555 words)

	Fressingfield
		Facing across from Holliday's gorgeous figures is the rather austere portrait of Archbishop William Sancroft, one of barmy Arthur Mee's heroes.
		Sancroft was born here in Fressingfield, and his family lived at Ufford Hall in the south of the parish.
		Sancroft had to defend the authority and position of the Church of England twice in those three years.
	www.suffolkchurches.co.uk /fressingfield.htm (1583 words)

	Anne Gardiner
		It is not surprising that Swift looks back to the 17th century for his points of reference in writing on religion, because he grew to manhood in that century, and the religious struggles of the 1640s, the 1680s, and the 1690s are what shaped his world.
		Sancroft is "Primitive" for two apparently contradictory actions: first for being one of the greatest sticklers when the Catholic King attempted to revoke the Test Acts in the 1680s, and then for refusing to take the new oath to his successors William and Mary in the 1690s.
		Thus, in the "Ode to Sancroft" he mocks at the "artillery of words" that will never "satisfy the doubt," for there is no way, he insists, "To judge of things above by things below." One has to make a leap of faith.
	www.unh.edu /english/swift/2002/gardiner.htm (3629 words)

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