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Avignon papacy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18) |
 | | Furthermore, the display of wealth by the upper ranks of the church, which was in contrast to the common expectation of poverty and strict adherence to principles, was used by the Papacy's enemy in raising charges against them: King of France Philippe used it as well as Ludwig IV of Bavaria. |
| | Nogaret coordinated with the cardinals of the Colonna family, long standing rivals to pope Boniface VIII, against whom the pope even preached a crusade earlier in his Papacy. |
| | The claim of the Papacy for universal sovereignty, reiterated since Gregory VII's "Dictatus Papae" and championed by Boniface VIII at the beginning of the century, was impossible to uphold in the face of Scholastic movements and the influential works of Marsilius of Padua and William of Occam. |
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