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Topic: William the Lion

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William I of Scotland

William of Poitiers

Count of Poitiers

William of Normandy

John Baliol

Malcolm IV of Scotland

William Longsword

History of Scotland

Alexander II of Scotland

Herleva

Arbroath, Angus

Henry the Lion

List of British monarchs

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Auld Alliance

	William I of Scotland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		William I (William the Lion), (1142/1143 - December 4, 1214) reigned as King of Scotland from 1165 to 1214.
		William was a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173-1174 against Henry II.
		William was married to Ermengarde de Beaumont, a granddaughter of King Henry I of England, in 1186.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/William_the_Lion (584 words)

	William "the Lion" of Scotland
		William, King of Scotland, was surnamed "The Lion" due to the rampant (standing on hind legs) red lion on a yellow field, which he had as his standard.
		William was outnumbered by the English garrison and even worse, a relief force of English soldiers under Ralf de Glanvil was approaching from the south.
		Old and senile, William the Lion died at Stirling on 4 December 1214, and was buried at Arbroath.
	members.aol.com /skyewrites/thelion.html (1544 words)

	Scotland's Past - William I 'The Lion' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		After Gilbert died in 1185 the rebellion was crushed and William instigated the building of castles and the establishment of royal burghs in the area.
		Under William the north was finally brought under royal control, he subdued Easter Ross in 1179 and built castles at Redcastle on the Black Isle and Dunskeath on the Cromarty Firth.
		William was not a great general and was captured at the Battle of Alnwick in 1174.
	www.scotlandspast.org /williami.cfm (1072 words)

	AllRefer.com - William the Lion (British And Irish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		William the Lion 1143–1214, king of Scotland (1165–1214), brother and successor of Malcolm IV.
		After the succession (1199) of King John in England, William once more demanded the restoration of Northumbria but was finally forced (1209) by show of arms to abandon the claim.
		William put down several revolts within Scotland and furthered somewhat the process of feudalization in the kingdom.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/W/WmLion.html (329 words)

	Famous Scots - King William I "The Lion"
		William "The Lion" was a grandson of King David I and came to the throne after the death of his elder brother, Malcolm IV in 1165.
		William captured one of the ring-leaders but had to send him to Henry to be dealt with.
		William is known to have been planning another invasion of England to retake Northumberland early in the 13th century after King John came to the throne of England and there were a number of skirmishes along the border.
	www.rampantscotland.com /famous/blfamwilliamlion.htm (507 words)

	William the Lion
		WILLIAM, surnamed THE LION, one of the most distinguished of our early monarchs, was born in the year 1143.
		In 1189, Richard Coeur de Lion, having acceded to the throne, and considering that William of Scotland had forfeited his independence in consequence of an attachment to his own interest, restored it to him, along with the castles of Berwick and Roxburgh.
		He assumed the lion rampant upon his shield, and from this cause, it is supposed, he obtained the designation of William the Lion.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/men/william_thelion.htm (783 words)

	History of the Monarchy > Descendants of Malcom III > William I
		Born in 1143, William the Lion was the younger brother of Malcolm IV.
		In 1192, the Pope granted a Bull to William that recognised the separate identity of the Scottish Church (previously the Church in Scotland had been brought under the authority of the Archbishop of York), and its independence of all ecclesiastical authorities apart from Rome.
		William died at Stirling on 4 December 1214, aged 71, and was buried at Arbroath.
	www.royal.gov.uk /output/Page112.asp (371 words)

	Scots For Independence : William the Lion
		William, a clever and ambitious king, began an alliance with France that would eventually lead to the "Auld Alliance." Lowland Scotland and England previously had fought a series of battles over the Scots' possession of Northumbria in northern England.
		William the Lion wanted these lands back, and started the alliance with France which naturally led to a conflict with Anglo-Norman England.
		The Lion had been a capable ruler who put to good use the administrative machinery created by David I. The legacy of the Treaty of Falaise, however, was to haunt Scotland down through the ages, with its claims of English hegemony.
	www.angelfire.com /sc2/scotsforindependence/history/william.html (732 words)

	William I of Scotland -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		William also arranged the (Click link for more info and facts about Auld Alliance) Auld Alliance, the first treaty for mutual self-defence between (The people who live in a nation or country) nations.
		William also inherited the title of Earl of (An Anglo-Saxon kingdom in northern England until 876) Northumbria in 1152.
		William was a key rebel in the (Click link for more info and facts about Revolt of 1173-1174) Revolt of 1173-1174 against Henry II.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/w/wi/william_i_of_scotland.htm (800 words)

	Sir William Wallace
		William Wallace is one of Scotland's greatest national heroes, undisputed leader of the Scottish resistance forces during the first years of the long and ultimately successful struggle to free Scotland from English rule at the end of the 13
		In this climate of lawlessness, William Wallace's father was killed in a skirmish with English troops in 1291.
		The seal identifies Wallace as the son of Alan Wallace and not Malcolm and Alan Wallace appears in the Ragman Roll of 1296 as a 'crown tenant in Ayrshire'.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/wallace.htm (2620 words)

	Scottish Origins, Ch. 5 - The Lion to Wallace
		William the Lion wanted it back, (his predecessor Malcolm IV had returned it to England under threat of invasion), and started the alliance with France leading to a conflict with Anglo-Norman England.
		Remember that in the reign of Malcolm IV, William the Lion's predecessor, the Norse-Scot blooded Somerled, King of Morvern, Lochaber, Argyll and the southern Hebrides, and Uncle by marriage to the Norwegian King of the Isles, had shown his contempt for Scottish Kings by sailing up the River Clyde in his ships and sacking Glasgow.
		Alexander II William the Lion died in 1214 and was succeeded by his son Alexander II, a capable ruler who put to good use the administrative machinery created by David I. The down side of his reign is the inherited domestic Clan problems.
	members.aol.com /skyewrites/origins5.html (1895 words)

	William - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		King William III of England (Prince William III of Orange, King William II of Scotland, William of Orange)
		William of Norwich (1132 - 1144), saint and supposed martyr
		William of Tyre, Bishop in the Holy Land
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/William (197 words)

	Chapter Lion <i>to</i> Lion of L by Brewer's Phrase & Fable
		WAIN DE was attended by a lion, which, in gratitude to the knight, who had delivered it from a serpent with which it had been engaged in deadly combat, ever after became his faithful servant, approaching the knight with tears, and rising on his hind-feet like a dog.
		EOFFREY DE was aided by a lion against the Saracens; but the faithful brute was drowned in attempting to follow the vessel in which the knight had embarked on his departure from the Holy Land.
		“William, King of Scotland, having chosen for his armorial bearing a Red Lion rampant, acquired the name of William the Lion; and this rampant lion still constitutes the arms of Scotland; and the president of the heraldic court...
	www.bibliomania.com /2/3/255/1177/23256/2.html (598 words)

	Brewer, E. Cobham. Dictionary of Phrase & Fable. Lion, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The first lion was that of Rollo, Duke of Normandy, and the second represented the country of Maine, which was added to Normandy.
		The lion in the arms of Scotland is derived from the arms of the ancient Earls of Northumberland and Huntingdon, from whom some of the Scotch monarchs were descended.
		“William, King of Scotland, having chosen for his armorial bearing a Red Lion rampant, acquired the name of William the Lion; and this rampant lion still constitutes the arms of Scotland; and the president of the heraldic court … is called Lord Lion King-at-Arms.”—Tales of a Grandfather, iv.
	www.bonus.com /contour/bartlettqu/http@@/www.bartleby.com/81/10335.html (528 words)

	William Hallmark - The Lion of the Tribe of Judah - Christ-Centered Art
		Lions have symbolized royalty for many nations throughout the centuries, but God had already spoken of the lion in Genesis where Jacob blessed Judah.
		I have to be honest and say that in my heart I felt that this painting would not be widely received because of the drop of blood and the strong overtones set by the lion and the scroll.
		The Lion of the Tribe of Judah copyright © by William Hallmark.
	www.christcenteredmall.com /stores/art/hallmark/the-lion-of-the-tribe-of-judah.htm (580 words)

	A Celebration of Celts
		illiam, who succeeded his father, Malcolm IV in 1165, was known as William the Lion, but there is no positive evidence that the lion rampant had become "the Arms of Dominion of Scotland" before 1222, when it appeared in the seal of his son, Alexander II.
		William the Lion (1143-1214) is generally credited with adopting this symbol, although records of this are uncertain.
		It was referred to as the "Lion of Justice" and the "Lion of Bravery".
	www.celebrationofcelts.com /scotland.html (489 words)

	Ancestors and Family of William I the Lion of Scotland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		William was the second son of the Scottish Henry, Earl of Northumberland, whose title he inherited in 1152.
		In addition, although William had quarreled bitterly with the papacy over a church appointment, Pope Celestine III ruled in 1192 that the Scottish church owed obedience only to Rome, not to England.
		William married Ermengarde de Beaumont, daughter of Richard de Beaumont and Constance.
	nygaard.howards.net /files/85.htm (312 words)

	The Lion Rampant - Baron William Latimer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		William was the son of the 3rd Baron Latimer also named William, and Elizabeth, daughter of John Lord Botetourt.
		After defeating Charles de Blois, William was sent by John to England to obtain the King's advice as to the proposed truce with Charles de Blois's widow, and took part in the subsequent negotiations, which resulted in a truce between the rival claimants to the Duchy of Brittany.
		Her daughter Elizabeth married the third son of her second husband by a former marriage and the barony of Latimer is now vested in, though not claimed by, Lord Willoughby de Broke as her heir general.
	www.lionrampant.org /history-latimer.html (1162 words)

	Alnwick Castle - Some history and photographs
		In 1172 and again in 1174, Alnwick Castle was besieged by the Scottish king William the Lion, both times successfully defended by a garrison led by William de Vescy.
		William the Lion laid claim to Northumberland, a demand which John refused.
		In the same year, William de Vescy died leaving no legitimate heir, and the castle was placed in the care of the Bishop of Durham.
	www.castlegate.net /CASTLES/alnwick (1544 words)

	Classical Heraldry - 9
		The great-grandmother of Sir William, the first Baron de Ros by Writ, was Isabella, the eldest known illegitimate daughter of William the Lion, King of Scots, and through this link he became one of the twelve Competitors for the Scottish crown when the Maid of Norway died.
		The name William occurs regularly in the early Sinclair (St Clair, St Clare) family, and we are uncertain which of its holders the undifferenced arms shown here were meant to represent.
		It may have been the Sir William who was taken prisoner by the English at Dunbar in 1296, or the Sir William who accompanied Sir James Douglas to Spain and in 1330 brought back his heart to Scotland.
	www.baronage.co.uk /classic1/herart9.html (461 words)

	William I of Scotland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		William is believed to be the founder of Arbroath Abbey where the Declaration of Arbroath was later drawn up.
		He was known as the Lion because of his flag, or standard, a red lion rampant on a yellow background.
		William died in Stirling on the 4th December 1214 and was buried in Arbroath Abbey.
	www.city-search.org /wi/william-i-of-scotland.html (596 words)

	World History 1100- 1200 AD
		It began with the death of William II, King of England on August 2nd, 1100.
		- Henry II defeated William the Lion, King of Scotland at the siege of Alnwick Castle in 1174.
		William officially accepted Henry as the ruler of Scotland.
	www.multied.com /dates/1100ad.html (790 words)

	Lion of the Tribe of Judah - Christian art!
		The "Lion of the Tribe of Judah" was one of William's first Christian art works and his most famous.
		The "Lion of the tribe of Judah" commanded attention from art lovers and the Christian art world from its conception.
		William Hallmark is a Birmingham, Alabama native whose work is studied and appreciated throughout the United States.
	christian-art.biz /Lion-of-Judah.htm (439 words)

	The Lion Rampant - Sir William Longsword (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Born in the early 13th Century, Sir William Longsword (Longspee) was the son of Sir William Longspee, Earl of Salisbury and his wife Ela.
		William Longsword stepped up and asked Count Robert to heed the more experienced Master of Templars advise, but Robert loudly denounced William and the english as cowards.
		William, against whom all the Saracens had charged, realised that it was a matter of life and death, He manfully sustained the attacks of them all, and, mutilating the bodies of many, sent their souls to Tartarus.
	www.lionrampant.org /history-longsword.html (590 words)

	Forbes Story (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		John of Forbes, first of the name, figured in the reign of King William the Lion (1143-1214) when the duthus of Forbes was feudalized.
		The Lords Pitsligo are descendents of William, a son of Sir John Forbes of Forbes, who lived in the reign of the 14th centry King Robert II.
		John of Forbes is known to have possessed the Forbes lands in Aberdeenshire as early as the reign of King William the Lion (1165-1212).
	people.arsc.edu /~lforbes/Forbesstory.html (935 words)

	The Lion Guy - Hand Drawn Lions
		The lion is mentioned many times in the bible such as " the lion of the tribe of Judah ".
		Because of its noble character and lordly might, the lion is rightly called the " king of the beasts ".
		Conversely, recent history has shown the lion to be " the beast of kings ", namely Richard the Lion-hearted of England, William the Lion of Scotland, and Henry the Lion of Saxony and Bavaria.
	www.lionguy.com (446 words)

	The SS HyperTree: Fergus of Galloway (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		They led their forces to the army of King William the Lion, when he invaded Northumberland in 1174." The natives of Galloway rebelled.
		42: "During the 1180s the king [William the Lion] struck up an alliance with Lachlan (or 'Roland'), lord of Galloway, who had married into the Anglo-Norman family of Moreville, and whose change of name neatly captures the interaction that was beginning between the native and foreign cultures.
		When in 1187 William was again faced by a northern uprising, it was Roland who captured its leader, Donald mac William, a distant kinsman of the king".
	www.hypertree.com /galloway/fergus (1139 words)

	william the lion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		… In 1174, at Alnwick, William the Lion and a small detachment reached Alnwick Castle which he attempted to beseige.
		… William "The Lion" was a grandson of King David I and came to the throne after the death of his elder brother, Malcolm IV in 1165.
		William the Lion, 1143-1214, king of Scotland (1165-1214), brother and successor of Malcolm IV.
	www.academyhouse.bc.ca /william-the-lion.html (359 words)

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