
	Where results make sense

Topic: Winterales

	When Did Angiosperms First Evolve?
		These data indicate that angiosperms or their stem group ancestors extend back to the Early Permian, and that most basal angiosperm evolution (below the Winterales) probably occurred in the Triassic and Jurassic.
		As recently as a decade ago, the Magnoliales and Winterales had been considered more basal (primitive) than the Nymphaeales, Eudicots, and Monocots; and that interpretation supported an Early Cretaceous origin for angiosperms based on Cretaceous fossils (i.e., Magnoliaceae and Winteraceae in the Barremian-Cenomanian).
		On the one hand, some pre-Cretaceous angiosperms may appear to violate sequence events for the "first" appearance of organ characteristics in the Cretaceous (for example, leaf rank sequences deduced by Hickey and Doyle, 1977), but instead indicate that angiosperms could evolve and re-evolve those characteristics at different times (e.g.
	www.sunstar-solutions.com /sunstar/Why02/why.htm (12138 words)

	Bee Phylogeny
		Second, there is no guarantee that plant/pollinator relationships have remained the same from the origins of the angiosperms to the present.
		Nevertheless, specialized relationships between bees and angiosperms are not likely to have existed prior to the common ancestor of the eudicots because extant magnoliids (monocots, Winterales, Laurales, Magnoliales, Chloranthales, Piperales, etc.) are, for the most part, not bee pollinated (Thien et al.
		The eudicots have recently been estimated to be between 147 and 131 million years old based on combined fossil and DNA evidence (Wikström et al.
	www.entomology.cornell.edu /BeePhylogeny/fossils.html (1467 words)

	Deep Time Project
		In addition to these early branches, there are a number of other lineages of "basal angiosperms": monocots, Laurales, Magnoliales, Chloranthaceae, Piperales, and Winterales (APG, 1998).
		One group of researchers, for example, may take primary responsibility for Winterales, another group for Magnoliales, monocots, and so on.
		Conversely, some working groups may want to focus on the careful evaluation of a particular character or suite of characters to clarify homology and coding.
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /deeptime/projectsummary.html (8769 words)

	William (Ned) Friedman - abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Recent phylogenetic analyses of angiosperms have identified a set of "basal" angiosperm lineages (Amborella, Nymphaeales, and a clade that includes Illiciaceae, Schisandraceae, Trimeniaceae, and Austrobaileyaceae) that are central to the study of the origin and early diversification of flowering plants.
		Prior to this phylogenetic revelation, much of the work on the embryology of ancient angiosperm lineages focused on core magnoliids (e.g., Magnoliales, Winterales).
		It is now apparent that little is known about the basic embryological features of the most ancient extant lineages of flowering plants, particularly with respect to the nature and development of the female gametophyte and the ploidy and genetics of the endosperm.
	spot.colorado.edu /~friedmaw/abstracts.html (9589 words)

	Winterales
		[ Welwitschiales ] [ Winterales ] [ Xyridales ]
		Vernacular names of plants within the Order Winterales
		For a description of the methodology followed in establishing this hierarchy see the note Nomenclature used in The Compleat Botanica.
	www.crescentbloom.com /plants/Ordo/Winterales.htm (67 words)

	Was the ANITA Rooting of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Affected by Long-Branch Attraction? -- Qiu et al. 18 (9): 1745 -- ...
		Magnoliales were sister to Laurales, and Winterales were sister
		The nodes labeled with asterisks are collapsed in the strict consensus of the nine shortest trees.
		juncture of the ANITA lineages, Piperales, Winterales, Laurales,
	mbe.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/18/9/1745 (4765 words)

	Ovid: Qiu: Nature, Volume 402(6760).November 25, 1999.404-407
		Numbers above branches are branch lengths (ACCTRAN optimization); these below in italics are bootstrap values (only those above 50% are shown; for branches related to ANITA (bold type), numbers below branches before the slash are bootstrap values and those after are jackknife values).
		GYM, gymnosperms; AMB, Amborella; NYM, Nymphaeales; ITA, Illiciales, Trimeniaceae and Austrobaileya; CER, Ceratophyllum; MON, monocots; CHL, Chloranthaceae; WIN, Winterales; PIP, Piperales; MAG, Magnoliales; LAU, Laurales; EUD, eudicots; Acorus_c, A. calamus; Acorus_g, A. gramineus; Ceratophyllum_d, C. demersum; Ceratophyllum_s, C. submersum.
		We observed one INDEL (insertion/deletion) in matR that supports the basal position of Amborella, Nymphaeales and Illiciales-Trimeniaceae-Austrobaileya (ANITA) in angiosperms: an 18-base-pair (bp) deletion in all euangiosperms but not in ANITA or gymnosperms, some of which have 6-15-bp deletions (Fig.
	www.botany.utoronto.ca /courses/BOT307/D_Families/Qiuetalarticle.html (2507 words)

	When Did Angiosperms First Evolve?
		Sanmiguelia lewisii is shown on the branch leading to Monocots.
		Controversy exists over the placement of the Winterales, which some botanists link to the Saururaceae and Asaroideae (closer to the branch for the ITA), while molecular data link the Winterales to the Piperales and Magnoliales (Eklund et al.
		There is fossil evidence for just such a possibility - root parasites that existed in a Late Triassic paleotropical flora dominated by cycadeoids, cycads, tree ferns, and sphenophytes (Cornet, 1986; Cornet and Olsen, 1993; Cornet, 2003).
	www.unifiedworlds.com /cornet/Why02/why2.htm (11468 words)

	From the Cover: Independent and combined analyses of sequences from all three genomic compartments converge on the root ...
		supported was the monophyly of Magnoliales + Laurales, Winterales
		+ Piperales, and Laurales + Magnoliales + Winterales + Piperales.
		Chloranthaceae, Eudicots, and Magnoliales + Laurales + Winterales
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/97/24/13166 (4728 words)

	[No title]
		The order Magnoliales consists of six families of tropical to warm temperate woody angiosperms.
		Along with a few other families, this group was long thought to be the most archaic existing order of flowering plants, but recent progress in angiosperm phylogenetics has shown that Magnoliales are instead closely related to Laurales, Winterales, and possibly Piperales, and that different lines (the so-called ANITA grade) arose first in angiosperms.
		Based on a large morphological matrix and multiple molecular data sets (i.e., original sequences from the ndhF, trnK/matK, and trnT-trnF chloroplast regions, and published data from atpB, rbcL, 18S rDNA, atp1, and matR), the relationships between the six families of Magnoliales were investigated.
	evolution.luminy.univ-mrs.fr /abstract2002.html (13320 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)