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Topic: Witiza

In the News (Thu 16 Feb 12)

EXECUTIVE POWER

Iran

ANALYSIS

Pakistan

Family compact

	Saint Patrick's Church: Saints of February 11
		The son of the Visigoth Aigulf, count or governor of Maguelone, Witiza was cup-bearer to King Pepin and Charlemagne and served in the army of Lombardy.
		Witiza became a Benedictine monk at Saint-Seine near Dijon, France, where he took the name Benedict and was appointed cellarer.
		He spent two and one half years there living on bread and water, sleeping on the bare ground, often praying throughout the night, and going barefoot even in winter.
	www.saintpatrickdc.org /ss/0211.htm (3526 words)

	Texto completo: 'Defensa del Rei Witiza'
		Witiza decedente Patre nimia quietudine, ejus in solio sedit, omni Populo redamante.
		Cumque Witiza circa initium optime inchoasset, cæpit postmodum flagitiosius se habere, and Pelagium filium Fafilæ Ducis Cantabriæ, qui postea contra Sarracenos cum Asturibus rebellavit, ob causam Patris, quam prædiximus, ab Urbe Regia coëgit expulsum, and cum antea petulantes ageret in occulto, jam nunc laxus impudicitiam publicam in aperto, and laxatis habenis nulli vitio se subtraxit.
		Witiza autem Sacrorum Canonum inimicus Oppæ fratri suo Archiepiscopo Hispalensi contradidit Ecclesiam Toletanam, ejusdem Ecclesiæ innuente Pontifice Sinderedo, ut sicut ipse carnali, ita ut (leo, and) frater spirituali adulterio fædaretur: and ut iniquitatem iniquitati, adjiceret, violatis privilegiis Ecclesiarum revocavit, Judæos, and majoris immunitatis, quam Ecclesias, privilegiis honoravit.
	193.144.125.24 /mayans/OC-01/016.htm (11232 words)

	Witiza
		Witiza († 710) war von 702 bis 710 König der Westgoten.
		Witizas Vater Egica erhob seinen Sohn zwischen 687 und 700 (der Zeitpunkt ist umstritten, wie ohnehin die Quellenüberlieferung wenig ergiebig ist) zum Mitregenten.
		Witiza gelang es nicht, seinen Söhnen die Thronfolge zu sichern.
	www.katastrophenalarm.de /Witiza.html (153 words)

	Witiza - Wissen im Web (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Was dann geschah, wird in den Quellen sehr unterschiedlich geschildert.
		Da Witizas Nachfolger Roderich, der den Kampf gegen die Muslime verlor, nur ein Jahr regierte, kam er als Sündenbock nur bedingt in Betracht.
		Dies könnte darauf zurückzuführen sein, dass Witiza auch kirchenpolitisch einen anderen (liberaleren?) Kurs steuerte als sein Vater und dass seine Maßnahmen einflussreichen Teilen des Klerus missfielen.
	www.wissen-im-web.de /wiki/Witiza (512 words)

	The Deconquista
		Witiza, King of the Spain dies from a plague.
		In return for his services, the elder son of Witiza is made Duke of Cordoba whilst the younger is equally as well rewarded.
		On OTL the Moslems won the Battle of Gulalete because of the defection of the nephews of Witiza.
	www.changingthetimes.net /samples/17th/deconquista.htm (821 words)

	LI. Conquests By The Arabs Page 18
		After the decease or deposition of Witiza, his two sons were supplanted by the ambition of Roderic, a noble Goth, whose father, the duke or governor of a province, had fallen a victim to the preceding tyranny.
		The monarchy was still elective; but the sons of Witiza, educated on the steps of the throne, were impatient of a private station.
		Their resentment was the more dangerous, as it was varnished with the dissimulation of courts: their followers were excited by the remembrance of favors and the promise of a revolution; and their uncle Oppas, archbishop of Toledo and Seville, was the first person in the church, and the second in the state.
	www.web-books.com /Classics/Nonfiction/History/RomanEmpire5/RomanEmpire5C3P18.htm (5612 words)

	Los Visigodos. El reino de Toledo (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Fue entonces cuando un grupo de hispanogodos, apoyados por la jerarquía eclesial, comenzó a ver a Witiza (o Vitiza), hijo del rey, educado en la cultura romana, como una alternativa a su padre.
		Witiza no era tonto y sabía lo que ocurría cuando un príncipe joven llegaba al trono, por muy poderoso que fuera su padre (casos de Liuva II y Tulga).
		El reinado de Witiza no fue tan inestable como el de su padre, pero la lucha soterrada entre partidos de unos y otros en la corte debilitaron el trono y el reino más que una guerra civil cruenta, como se vio a su muerte.
	www.historialago.com /leg_visig_0214.htm (2430 words)

	Artículo 5 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Witiza vio el reino en peligro e intento, sin éxito, reconciliarse con los nobles que habían sido perjudicados por su padre.
		El reinado de Witiza es oscuro e inciertó, no sólo por la escasez de documentos pertenecientes a aquella época, sino también por el juicio diferente que cerca de dicho reinado formulan los historiadores.
		Witiza murió en el año 100, ya que no pudiendo los grandes tolerar los desafueros cometidos por él, hicieron causa con Don Rodrigo (dux de la Bética), que le destronó, encarceló y mandó sacar los ojos.
	www.tarifaweb.com /aljaranda/num10/art5.htm (1392 words)

	Spain - MSN Encarta
		Dynastic conflict prevented the succession of Witiza’s son, and Roderick, duke of Baetica, claimed the throne.
		In an effort to oust Roderick, Witiza’s family appealed to Muslims in North Africa for help.
		In 711 a Muslim army under the command of Berber general Tariq ibn-Ziyad crossed the Strait of Gibraltar and invaded Spain.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761575057_10/Spain.html (1930 words)

	chapter1.html
		The story has it that Julian's daughter had been in the court of Witiza as a maid of honour prior to the latter's fall.
		True or not, Julian, the lord of Ceuta was aspiring to see Akhila, the son of Witiza on the throne rather than Rodrigo.
		After capturing Cordoba the troops were ordered north toward Toledo, the capital of the Visigoths and residence of the nobility of the peninsula as well as the treasure house of both the state and the church.
	www.artopedia.com /chapter1.html (2442 words)

	Curalon Hestaris By CaptainPenguin
		The Curalon Hestaris, the infamous Brotherhood of Sinners, is an ancient school-guild of warriors, founded, among many other such guilds, during the years between the fall of the Ancients and the rise of the modern Agera kingdoms.
		Witiza was an Ageran warrior, trained by swordmasters of the Ancients, who was one of the primary terrors of the Bloody Age (Many Ageran folktales and legends remember him as a primary foe of their culture heroes).
		Witiza led his band of slayers for more than 50 years before he suddenly, mysteriously, slew them all.
	www.strolen.com /content.php?node=Curalon+Hestaris (790 words)

	Chapter Theban Bard <i>to</i> Theodorus of T by Brewer's Readers Handbook
		Theodofred, heir to the Span ish throne, but incapacitated from reigning because he had been blinded by Witiza.
		As Witiza, the usurper, had blinded Theodofred, so Roderick dethroned and blinded Witiza.—Southey: Roderick, etc.
		B.—In mediæval times, no one with any personal defect was allowed to reign, and one of the most ordinary means of disqualifying a prince for succeeding to a throne was to put out his eyes.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/3/174/1130/15034/2.html (605 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Seville
		The former of these contributed to the conversion of St. Hermengild and Recared, and presided at the Third Council of Toledo (589), while the latter presided at the Fourth Council of Toledo and was the teacher of medieval Spain.
		A very different kind of celebrity was attained by Archbishop Oppas, who usurped the See of Toledo and conspired with his nephews, the sons of Witiza, against Don Rodrigo, contributing by his treason to the disaster of Guadalete and the downfall of the Visigothic power.
		The succession of the bishops of Seville continued after the Mohammedan conquest, Nonnitus being elected on the death of Oppas.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13744a.htm (1551 words)

	AllRefer.com - Roderick (Spanish And Portuguese History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		After the death of King Witiza, a group of nobles chose Roderick, duke of Baetica, as successor to the king.
		Having defeated Witiza's son, Roderick established himself on the throne.
		Most of the legends involve one Julian, governor of Ceuta, who : either for political motives or because his daughter had been violated by Roderick : joined the family of Witiza in requesting the help of the North African Muslims to overthrow Roderick.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/R/Roderick.html (293 words)

	Eid Special (Site not responding. Last check: )
		But this was opposed by a group of nobles led by Duke Roderick, who proclaimed himself king of Spain after the death of King Witiza.
		Meanwhile, on the other side of the straits, in Africa, the Muslims who in only a few years after the death of Prophet Muhammad had built up a formidable military machine and conquered the whole of North Africa, were carefully watching the situation in Spain for an opportunity in invade the country.
		It is of historical relevance to mention here that if internal strife among the Christian Spaniards was what paved the way for the Muslim conquest of Spain, it is equally true that eight centuries later, internecine wars among the Muslim Spaniards was the principal reason for their downfall and eventual disappearance from Spain.
	www.thedailystar.net /suppliments/2006/eid-ul-fitr/andalus.htm (2553 words)

	Kashif Haseeb's details
		The kinsmen of Witiza were there obedient to the summons of Roderick but intended to desert to the enemy's side in the midst of the battle and win the day for Muslims.
		Desertion of the partisans of Witiza worked and Tariq himself attacked the heart of Spainish army where Roderick was but he ran away and only his white horse was found in a neerby quagmire.
		Drowning of Roderick is doubtless but Spinards cloth the dead King with a mystery by which he spent rest of his life in pious acts of penance and was slowly devowed by snacks in punishment of his sins untill at last his crime was washed away.
	www24.brinkster.com /khaseeb/essays.htm (2437 words)

	July 26th
		Witiza, the predecessor of Don Roderick on the Spanish throne, had alienated the hearts of his subjects by his shameful debaucheries and misgovernment; and an insurrection having taken place, the latter, who had previously signalised race, greatly by his military achievements, was put in possession of the crown.
		One of the most noted victims of his lawless passions was Florinda, who had been placed at Don Roderick's court as one of the attendants on his queen.
		Her father, Count Julian, held the post of military governor of Ceuta, in the Spanish dominions in Barbary; but having been high in favour under the administration of Witiza, he had never cherished much affection for the government of his successor.
	www.thebookofdays.com /months/july/26.htm (2198 words)

	witiza’s Music Profile – Users at Last.fm
		Type in some bands or artists you like, separated by commas.
		Want to know how similar your music taste is to witiza’s?
		It’s easy, create your own musical profile and share your taste with your friends.
	www.last.fm /user/witiza (193 words)

	THE RON HOUSE - Footnotes. A. E. Ron, Translator
		38 "Witiza wounded Fabila with a club, and hurt him very badly on the head, and Duke Fabila died from that wound, for the love of his wife, who was very beautiful, and that is why he wounded him."
		Witiza (also called Vitiza) kept creating trouble for Rodrigo after he was deposed.
		When King Witiza was deposed, his two sons, Ebba and Sisebut, took refuge with their uncle Oppas, Bishop (some say Archbishop) of Sevilla.
	www.ghg.net /albertron/FootTheRonHouse.html (4430 words)

	History of Domaine La Croix Chaptal, great wine from Languedoc.
		Later on, in the val-ley of the river Hérault, viticulture rose from its ashes thanks to Witiza, son of a Goth faithful to Charlemagne and cupbearer to Louis, the Emperor’s son and future king of Aquitaine.
		Witiza, better known under the name of Saint Benedict, founded the monastery of Aniane close to Saint-André-de-Sangonis, renewed the rule of the Benedictines friars and set up a whole network of abbeys and monasteries which would build up again the reputation of the Languedoc wines until the XIXth century.
		Gellone Abbey, founded soon after 804 and located today in the medieval village of Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert, planted with vineyards and olive groves the four small feudal estates it owned at Cambous from the Xth century.
	www.lacroixchaptal.com /English/anglais/Background_history.htm (408 words)

	ON THE BATTLE LINE November 5-11 (nov5bat.htm)
		The corrupt King Witiza, brother of the Archbishop, had managed to alienate the greater part of the people and the nobles.
		Historians are divided in their opinions, but more recent recounts attribute many crimes to this King, such as the abuse of the wives and daughters of his subjects and, above all, the promulgation of laws that permitted polygamy and having concubines.
		A medieval tradition recounts that Witiza was condemned to have his eyes put out.
	www.dailycatholic.org /issue/2001Nov/nov5bat.htm (1264 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Roderic (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Events Saelred becomes king of Essex Ceolred becomes king of Mercia after his cousin Cenred abdicates to become a monk in Rome A storm separates the Channel Islands of Jethou and Herm Births Emperor Konin of Japan Deaths May 25 - Aldhelm, bishop and scholar Categories: 709...
		Jump to: navigation, search Wittiza (Witiza) was son of Ergica, king of the Visigoths in Hispania, and ruled jointly with him from 693 to 701 CE.
		Category: Kings of the Visigoths Jump to: navigation, search Wittiza (Witiza) was son of Ergica, king of the Visigoths in Hispania, and ruled jointly with him from 693 to 701 CE.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Roderic (2464 words)

	Chapter 7. Legends and Romances of Spain
		Witiza, his predecessor, had slain Roderic's father, the governor of a province, and, whether to gratify his revenge or purely because of his ambitions, Roderic succeeded in having the claims of Witiza's two sons set aside and in securing the crown for himself.
		But the monarchy among the Goths of Spain was still elective, and it may be that Roderic had been legally placed on the throne by the suffrages of his fellow-peers.
		But assistance for the Moors was at hand, for the two sons of Witiza, who occupied the most important posts in the Spanish army, suddenly broke away from the main body.
	bulfinch.englishatheist.org /spain/lrs09.htm (2872 words)

	Los hijos de Witiza en Venezuela (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Witiza representa el monarca tradicional de "Estirpe Regia" (procedente de la oligarquía).
		A Witiza lo sucede "uno de sus inferiores", Don Rodrigo (Hugo Chávez), elegido legítimamente y que cuenta con el apoyo de las mayorías.
		Los hijos de Witiza (los viudos de la IV-R) se confabulan desde el inicio contra Don Rodrigo (Hugo Chávez), descalificándolo por no ser de "Estirpe Regia" (por mestizo, bembón, chusma, etc.).
	www.aporrea.org /dameletra.php?docid=7766 (417 words)

	Chapter 2: A History of Spain and Portugal
		The quick and easy Muslim takeover is understandable only in terms of this persistent failure of political institutions, the accepted custom of foreign intervention, and the apathy or submissiveness of most of the [15] Hispanic lower classes, accustomed to nearly a millennium of rule by outsiders, first by the Romans, then by the Visigoths.
		During the latter part of the seventh century the main antagonism was between the descendants of Chindaswinth (642-653) and those of a subsequent ruler, Witiza (702-710).
		Supporters of Witiza's clan rused to accept the election of a rival candidate, Roderic, in 710, and sought assistance from the newly established Muslim overlords of North Africa.
	libro.uca.edu /payne1/payne2.htm (7152 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : Ishbiliyah: Islamic Seville (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the late 730's Sara, the granddaughter of Witiza, penultimate king of the Visigoths, fitted out a ship in Seville and sailed downriver to the Atlantic, entered the Mediterranean through the Strait of Gibraltar, and sailed east to the Palestinian port of Ascalon.
		The written language was Latin, but by the eve of the Arab invasion the Hispano-Roman population already spoke a prototype of Spanish, as can be seen from the occasional Romance, or 'ajami, word in the Arabic chronicles.
		It is doubtful if Witiza and his family spoke Gothic at all; the language Sara spoke was almost certainly Romance.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/199301/ishbiliyah-islamic.seville.htm (6859 words)

	Witiza
		Se conviene en que Witiza había pactado antes de su muerte la invasión de los musulmanes para el control del reino.
		Ante la facilidad de la invasión, los árabes olvidaron a los hijos de Witiza, y organizaron el gobierno como un emirato dependiente de la dinastía Omeya de Damasco.
		Se decidió que la muerte de Witiza le sucediera en el trono.
	cultura.pueblos-espana.org /Witiza (505 words)

	Tarik ibn Ziyad. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		When the heirs of the Visigothic king, Witiza, requested help from the Moors of N Africa against the usurper Roderick, Tarik, with his Moorish army, crossed (711) from Africa to Gibraltar (originally named for him, in Arabic, Jebel-al-Tarik; i.e., Tarik’s mountain).
		Tarik defeated Roderick in the same year in the battle of Guadalete, but he did not restore Witiza’s heirs.
		Instead, he sent for African reinforcements and conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula within a few years.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ta/Tarikibn.html (154 words)

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