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Topic: Wladislaus I of Poland

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	Wladislaus I of Poland
		Related Topics: Leszek I of Poland, Pomerania, 1320, Sieradz, Konrad I of Masovia, 1333, Piast dynasty, Augustus II of Poland, Leczyca, Mieszko II of Poland
		Wladyslaw was born circa 1260 as the third son of Kazimierz I Kujawski, Duke of Łęczyca, Sieradz and Cuiavia.
		In historic Poland, an ell was a measure of length.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/w/wl/wladislaus_i_of_poland.html (844 words)

	Wladislaus I - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Wladislaus thereupon went to Rome, where Pope Bonif ace VIII., jealous of the growing influence of Bohemia, adopted his cause; and on the death of Wenceslaus in 1305 Wladislaus succeeded in uniting beneath his sway the principalities of Little and Great Poland.
		Wladislaus thereupon (1317) appealed to Pope John XXII., and a tribunal of local prelates appointed by the holy see ultimately (Feb. 9, 1321) pronounced judgment in favour of Wladislaus, and condemned the Order not only to restore Pomerania but also to pay heavy damages.
		It was not till the last year but one of his life that Wladislaus succeeded with the aid of his Hungarian allies in inflicting upon the knights their first serious reverse at Plowce (27th of September 1332).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Wladislaus_I (387 words)

	Poland - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It is to him that Poland owed the important acquisition of the greater part of Red Russia, or Galicia, which enabled her to secure her fair share of the northern and eastern trade.
		Poland, as the next neighbour of Hungary, was more seriously affected than any other European power by this catastrophe, but her politicians differed as to the best way of facing it.
		All the.more disquieting was the internal condition of the country, due mainly to the invasion of Poland by the Reformation, and the coincidence of this invasion with an internal revolution of a quasi-democratic character, which aimed at substituting the rule of the szlachta for the rule of the senate.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Poland (15908 words)

	Wladislaus II of Poland
		The Jagiellonian era is usually characterised as the start of Poland 's "golden age", and saw the country become a major European power and extend its frontiers to the north and east.
		In military terms, his reign is noted for the crushing defeat inflicted on the Teutonic Knights in neighbouring Province of Prussia by Polish and Lithuanian forces at the Battle of Grunwald 1410 (the military leader of this battle was his cousin Grand Duke Vytautas of LIthuania).
		Before that the Piasts were monarchs of Poland, in last century intermitting with the Bohemian Przemysls and followed by a brief period of Angevins.
	www.belcollect.com /en/jagiello.htm (693 words)

	Poland as you like! - Old Town (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		There is a Column of Sigismund III of Poland in the centre of the Square.
		It was found by his son, king Wladislaus IV of Poland in 1644.
		They were recreated on the basis of original source materials, and their functions during the reign of King Stanislaus II Augustus Poniatowski of Poland (1764 -1795).
	www.poland.as /poland/174,,1,1,0,0 (1024 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Casimir
		He was the grandson of Wladislaus II Jagiello, King of Poland, who introduced Christianity into Lithuania, and the second son of King Casimir IV and Queen Elizabeth, an Austrian princess, the daughter of Albert II, Emperor of Germany and King of Bohemia and Hungary.
		Sigismund I, King of Poland, petitioned the pope for Casimir's canonization, and Pope Leo X appointed the papal legate Zaccaria Ferreri, Bishop of Guardalfiera, the Archbishop of Gnesen, and the Bishop of Przemysl to investigate the life and miracles of Casimir.
		In Poland and Lithuania churches and chapels are dedicated to him, as at Rozana and on the River Dzwina near Potocka, where he is said to have contributed miraculously to a victory of the Polish army over the Russians.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03402a.htm (902 words)

	EARLY HISTORY OF POLAND
		POLAND till the end of the 18th century was a kingdom extending (with Lithuania) over the basins of the Warta, Vistula, Dwina, Dnieper and upper Dniester, and had under its dominions, besides the Poles proper and the Baltic Slavs, the Lithuanians, the White Russians and the Little Russians or Ruthenians.
		His supposed preference for Lithuania was the real cause of his unpopularity in Poland, where, to the very end of his reign, he was regarded with suspicion, and where every effort was made to thwart his far-seeing and patriotic political combinations, which were beyond the comprehension of his self-seeking and narrow-minded contemporaries.
		All the more disquieting was the internal condition of the country, due mainly to the invasion of Poland by the Reformation and the coincidence of this invasion with an internal revolution of a quasi-democratic character, which aimed at substituting the rule of the szlachta for the rule of the senate.
	info-poland.buffalo.edu /web/history/early/23.shtml (6748 words)

	Polish History Map: Poland History Illustrated by Border Changes
		Poland also annexed Wilno (Vilnius), the capital of Lithuania - on ethnic principle: as its population was predominantly Polish, and on historical principle: the historical Polish-Lithuanian Union.
		Poland contested on the other hand a small area of Upper Silesia which had a Polish majority and was according to the historical principle incorporated into Czechoslovakia.
		The 120-years period of the limited existence or non-existence of Poland covered the age of the Industrial Revolution and the fact which part of Poland was ruled by Germany, Austria or Russian made a lasting imprint on the particular territory.
	www.staypoland.com /history-map.htm (489 words)

	Casimir IV
		Casimir IV, King of Poland, second son of Wladislaus II Jagiello, was appointed while still a lad grand-duke of Lithuania by his father, and crowned King of Poland at Cracow in June 1447, three years after the death of his elder brother, Wladislaus III, at the battle of Varna.
		The cause of this long interregnum was the disinclination of the Lithuanians to part with their prince until their outstanding differences with Poland, relating chiefly to the delimitation of the frontiers of the two states, had been settled.
		He was without doubt one of the greatest statesmen of his age, concealing beneath a simple exterior and homely habits a profound political sagacity and an unerring common sense, and possessing in a high degree those useful qualities of patience, moderation, and tenacity, which characterized nearly all the princes of the House of Jagiello.
	www.nndb.com /people/275/000095987 (888 words)

	Poland as you like! - Old Town (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		There is a Column of Sigismund III of Poland in the centre of the Square.
		It was found by his son, king Wladislaus IV of Poland in 1644.
		The personal offices of the king, as well as the administrative offices of the Royal Court of Poland were located there until the Poland was affected with partitions.
	poland.as /poland/174,,1,1,0,0 (1024 words)

	St. Casimir
		He was later associated with his father who initiated him so well into public affairs that after his elder brother, Wladislaus, ascended to the Bohemian throne, Casimir became heir-apparent to the throne of Poland.
		Casimir is the patron of Poland Lithuania, though he is honoured as far as Belgiumand Naples.
		In the beginning of the seventeenth century King Sigismund III began at Vilna the erection of a chapel in honour of St. Casimir, which was finished under King Wladislaus IV.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/c/casimir,saint.html (893 words)

	History of Vilnius (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It was granted city rights by the King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Wladislaus II of Poland (Lithuanian: Jogaila, Polish: Władysław Jagiełło) in 1387.
		This growth was due in part to the establishment of Vilnius University by Stephan I of Poland (Lithuanian: Steponas Batoras, Polish: Stefan Batory) in 1579.
		After the Third Partition of Poland in 1795, Wilno was annexed by Russia and became the capital of a gubernya.
	vilnius.4youhotels.com /vilnius_history.html (1653 words)

	Teranodon visioneering view on "Cossacks origin" excerpt from Poland article in Encyclopedia B..., vol XI, ...
		A year later Wladislaus died at his hunting-box at Merecz, at the very moment when the long-impending tempest which he himself had conjured up burst with overwhelming fury over the territoriesof the Republic.
		At this crisis Poland owed her salvation to two events -- the formation of a general league against Sweden, brought about by the apprehensive court of Vienna, and an almost simultaneous popular outburst of religious enthusiasm on the part of the Polish people.
		The first of these events, to be dated from the alliance between the emperor Leopold and John Casimir, on the 27th of May 1657, led to a truce with the tsar and the welcome diversion of all the Muscovite forces against Swedish Livonia.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Forum/4123/eb11coss.htm (2595 words)

	Vilna
		The Diocese of Vilna owes its foundation to Wladislaus II Jagiello (1383-1434), who was active in propagating Catholicism in Lithuania.
		At his death, in 1594, the clergy were divided into factions on the choice of a successor, until Sigismund III nominated Benedict Wolna (1600-15), who exerted himself efficaciously for the canonization of St. Casimir of Poland, in whose honour the first stone of a church was laid at Vilna in 1604.
		The cathedral, dedicated tot he Blessed Trinity, St. Stanislaus, and St. Wladislaus, was erected in virtue of a Bull of 12 March, 1387.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/v/vilna.html (2089 words)

	Kraków - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		It is the capital of the Lesser Poland Voivodship (województwo małopolskie) (since 1999); previously it was the capital of Kraków Voivodship (since the 14th century).
		The rebellion cost Poland the city of Gdansk (German:Danzig), which was taken by the Teutonic Orders, but German-speakers lost their political ambitions and began to Polonize.
		Poland was partitioned again in 1939, at the outset of the Second World War, and Nazi German forces entered Kraków in September of that year.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=16815 (2065 words)

	Władysław IV Vasa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Muscovite army (of approximately 34,500) crossed the Commonwealth eastern frontier in October 1632 and laid siege to Smolensk (which was ceded to Poland by Russia in 1618, at the end of the Dymitriad wars).
		In the war against Russia in 1632-1634 (the Smolensk War), Wladyslaw succeeded in breaking the siege in September 1633 and then in turn surrounded the Russian army, which was then forced to surrender on March 1, 1634.
		Many historians argue that Wladislaus was very ambitious and dreamed of achieving great fame through conquests, and in the latter years he planned to use the Cossacks to provoke the Turks into attacking Poland so that his military leadership would be indispensable.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wladislaus_IV_of_Poland (2385 words)

	Sigismund I of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Before Sigismund I ruled as King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, he had already been invested as duke of Silesia.
		The son of king Casimir IV of Poland and Elizabeth of Austria, Sigismund followed his brothers John Albert and Alexander on the Polish throne.
		Sigismund I of Poland Sigismund I of Poland Category:Polish monarchs Category:Lithuanian rulers de:Sigismund I. (Polen) et:Zygmunt I ja:&12474;&12451;&12464;&12512;&12531;&12488;1&19990; (&12509;&12540;&12521;&12531;&12489;&29579;) pl:Zygmunt I Stary sv:Sigismund I av Polen
	sigismund-i-of-poland.iqnaut.net (434 words)

	[No title]
		By some historians these are included in the numbering of the Polish sovereigns, King Wladislaus I. being thus IV.
		Wladislaus thereupon went to Rome, where Pope Boniface VIII., jealous of the growing influence of Bohemia, adopted his cause; and on the death of Wenceslaus in 1305 Wladislaus succeeded in uniting beneath his sway the principalities of Little and Great Poland.
		He had laid the foundations of a strong Polish monarchy, and with the consent of the pope revived the royal dignity, being solemnly crowned king of Poland at Cracow on the loth of January 1320.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /correction/edit?locale=en&content_id=70744 (400 words)

	Trakai, Lithuania
		During the conflict between Grand Duke Jogaila (later to become Wladislaus II of Poland) with Kestutis, the castles were captured by the earlier in 1382.
		The local Karaim community, being the backbone of town's economy, suffered severely during the Chmielnicki Uprising and the massacres of 1648 and the wars between Russia and Poland between 1654 and 1667, when the town was plundered and burnt.
		After the Partitions of Poland in 1795, the area was annexed by Imperial Russia.
	www.creekin.net /c4927-n108-trakai-lithuania.html (1457 words)

	SAINTS
		He was the grandson of Wladislaus II Jagiello, King of Poland, who introduced Catholicism into Lithuania, and the second son of King Casimir IV and Queen Elizabeth, an Austrian princess, the daughter of Albert II, Emperor of Germany and King of Bohemia and Hungary.
		Casimir's uncle, Wladislaus III, King of Poland and Hungary, perished at Varna in 1444, defending the Christendom against the Turks.
		Casimir is the patron of Poland Lithuania, though he is honored as far as Belgium and Naples.
	www.catholictradition.org /Saints/saints3-3.htm (726 words)

	JewishGates.Com - The Definitive Source for Talmudic Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Such was the condition of affairs in the Ukraine when Wladislaus IV proposed to make the Cossacks the pivot of his foreign policy and his domestic reforms.
		His far-reaching plans were based upon two facts, the absolute devotion of the Zaporozhians to himself personally, and the knowledge, secretly conveyed to him by Stanislaus Koniecpolski, that the whole of the Ukraine was in a ferment.
		A year later Wladislaus died at his hunting-box at Merecz, at the very moment when the long-impending tempest which he himself had conjured up burst with overwhelming fury over the territories of the Republic.
	www.jewishgates.com /file.asp?file_ID=688 (1971 words)

	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In order to do that, he forged a system of alliances with Wallachia and Poland, generally against Hungary.
		He also got involved in the power struggles of Wallachia, by helping Radu II Prasnaglava in 1418-1419 and Alexandru I Aldea in 1429, mostly in order to prevent the capture of Chilia.
		In 1431, due to a territorial claim of Poland and the previous failure of the Polish king to fulfill his part of the vassality treaty during an Ottoman attack in 1420, Alexandru launched an attack on Poland, that ended with the treaty of Suceava on November 18.
	www.earomania.com /history/rulers/alexandru_cel_bun.html (364 words)

	Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical notes. Volume I. The History of Creeds.
		In this case the movement proceeded from the Roman Catholic king, Wladislaus IV., of Poland (1632–1648).
		But this peace was denounced by the Pope as a league of Christ with Belial, and undermined by the Jesuits, who obtained the control of the education of the Polish nobility, and are to a large extent responsible for the ultimate dismemberment and ruin of that unfortunate kingdom.
		Wladislaus made a patriotic effort to heal the religious discords of his subjects, and invited Romanists and Dissenters (Protestants) to a charitable colloquy (colloquium caritativum, fraterna collatio) in the city of Thorn, which was then under the protection of the King of Poland (since 1454), and had embraced the Lutheran faith (1557).
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/creeds1.ix.iv.iii.html?bcb=0 (2695 words)

	Wladislaus III of Poland - Wikipedia Mirror (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Wladislaus III of Poland refers to different monarchs of Poland:
		Władysław III of Varna (1424-1444), King of Poland
		This human name article is a disambiguation page — a list of pages that might otherwise share the same title, which is a person's or persons' name.
	www.wiki-mirror.be /index.php/Wladislaus_III_of_Poland (94 words)

	Poland's History - The Noble's Republic (1572-1795)
		What Led to Poland's Demise in 1795 - A consideration of historical roots of the events leading to Poland's loss of sovereignty: The Bar Confederacy, the Role of the Sejm, the Role of the Gentry, the Role of the King, the Role of Geography, the Role of the Constitution, the Effect on the Nation.
		Decline and Partition - The Reign of Anarchy; The Decline of Poland;The Partitions of Poland: 1772 - 1795.
		An overview, primarily peertaining to Poland and Rus, of the raw ingredients, methods of preservation and preparation of food and drink in the period up to 1650.
	info-poland.buffalo.edu /search-all/web/history/noble/@olink.shtml (1020 words)

	Sigismund III of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		buried on February 4, 1633 - King Sigismund III of Poland, Sigismund of Sweden (June 20, 1566 – April 19, 1632), was the son of King John III of Sweden (1537 – 1592), of the House of Vasa, and his first wife Catherine Jagellonica of Poland (1526 – 1583).
		In 1598 Sigismund tried to defeat him with a mixed army from Sweden and Poland but was defeated in the battle of Stångebro.
		Sigismund however did not relinquish his claims to the Swedish throne and his subsequent foreign policy was aimed at regaining the Swedish crown, which led to very harsh relations and several wars between the two countries, to end only after the Great Northern War.
	sigismund-iii-of-poland.iqnaut.net (1030 words)

	Henry I of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Henry I the Bearded, Polish: Henryk Brodaty (1163 - March 19, 1238) of the Silesian line of the Piast dynasty of rulers, was duke of Lower Silesia from 1201.
		He later on also became duke of Greater Poland from 1232 until his death and thereby senior prince of all Poland.
		Henry I was the successor to duke Boleslaus the Long, who had received the ducal position following the intervention in a succession dispute in Poland by the Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa of the Holy Roman Empire in 1163.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Dukes-of-Kalisz/Henry-I-of-Poland.html (138 words)

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