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	Wolfram von Eschenbach - Wikipedia
		Wolframs Sprache unterscheidet sich vom Stil Hartmanns von Aue.
		Jahrhunderts befasste sich sehr intensiv mit Wolfram, wobei sie ihn allerdings zeitweise nationalistisch überhöhte und gegen den angeblich "welschen" Gottfried von Straßburg auszuspielen suchte.
		Wolfram von Eschenbach, Parzival, Nach der Ausgabe Karl Lachmanns revidiert und kommentiert von Eberhard Nellmann.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wolfram_von_Eschenbach (1164 words)

	portals \| karina marie ash
		The distinction between the WolframÕs heroes and the conventional depiction of heroes in the literature of the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries hinges on the premise that both Parzival and Willehalm progress from merciless warriors to merciful knights.
		Wolfram departs from the original narrative to voice a criticism of ParzivalÕs merciless deed by presenting the suffering that is endemic to ruthless aggression.
		Conclusion Wolfram von EschenbachÕs emphasis on the evolution of Parzival and Willehalm from merciless warriors to merciful knights illustrates a Christian ideal of mercy that rises above the bloodshed that prevailed in the age of the crusades.
	userwww.sfsu.edu /~clsa/portals/2003/ash.html (5000 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Wolfram von Eschenbach
		Wolfram lead a wandering life, and after 1203 stayed repeatedly at Eisenach at the Court of the landgrave Hermann of Thuringia.
		But in Wolfram's work, as before him in Chrestien's, the story appears as part of the romances belonging to the Arthurian cycle; it is also connected with the legend of the Holy Grail.
		The name is derived from Titurel, the ancestor of the Knights of the Grail, with whom the introductory strophes are concerned.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/15683a.htm (768 words)

	Stadt Wolframs-Eschenbach - Stadt des Parzivaldichters Wolfram von Eschenbach --> Leben + Werk -->
		Wolfram gibt ebenso zu verstehen, daß ihm der Graf von Dollnstein und der Herr von Durn auf der Burg Wildenberg bei Amorbach bekannt sind, zwei Herren, die derselben politischen Fraktion angehören wie die oben genannten und den größeren geographischen Kreis um das fränkische Eschenbach schließen.
		Sie erhält unter anderem Lehnen von den Grafen von Wertheim, von der Burggrafen von Nürnberg (vermutlich aus dem Erbe der Grafen von Abenberg) und vom Deutschen Orden, sie gebietet über eine Reihe größerer und kleinerer Höfe und wohnt in herrschaftlicher Lage: „bei der Kirche“.
		Heinrich von Eschenbach verkauft nach und nach seinen Besitz an den Deutschen Orden und ist 1358 dessen „Zinsknecht“.
	www.wolframs-eschenbach.de /showpage.php?SiteID=98&lang=1 (1130 words)

	Wolfram von Eschenbach
		Wolfram von Eschenbach, the most important and individual poet of medieval Germany, flourished during the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th century.
		Wolfram von Eschenbach lives in, and is revealed by, his work, which shows him to have been a man of remarkable force and personality.
		Wolfram was, above all, a man of deeply religious character (witness his introduction to Willehalm), and it seems to have been this which specially impressed the mind of his compatriots; in the 13th-century poem of Der Wartburg-Krieg it is Wolfram who is chosen as the representative of Christianity, to oppose the enchanter Klingsor von Ungerland.
	www.nndb.com /people/269/000103957 (710 words)

	Gothic Paris \| Wolfram von Eschenbach, 1170-1217 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Wolfram von Eschenbach, a Middle High German epic poet, is still considered by many to be Germany's greatest poet.
		Wolfram immortalized chivalry in his romance Parzival and helped to propagate the legend of the Holy Grail, adding more information, such as its origins and functions and the society that served it.
		Wolfram's vernacular poetry excited its listeners and reflected the interests of the lay audience, whose lives were secular, not cloistered in monasteries.
	www.nku.edu /~rosemi/paris/ver1/bios/wolfram.html (856 words)

	Wolfram von Eschenbach: Parzival [1-127]
		Although Wolfram adds a long prologue about the double marrriage of Gahmuret, Parzival’s father, which is of great importance for the later development of the story and for which there is not even the remotest basis in Chrétien’s poem, the ensuing incidents described are those of the French work.
		Wolfram, in a scene nine times as long, describes in detail how Parzival, still proud and unrepentant even though he knows he is in a state of sin, is told by the brother of the Fisher King Anfortas of the dangers of pride and the need for humility and submission to God’s will.
		Wolfram’s style, as already remarked, is often tortured and obscure, and he has a penchant for digressing, even in the middle of a serious scene, solely to produce humorous effects.
	www.nd.edu /~gantho/anth164-353/Wolfram164-175.html (2822 words)

	Non_Fiction: The Tests and Sacrifices Within Two Worlds of Love
		Wolfram Von Eschenbach was born in Bavaria late in the 12 th century and died somewhere between 1220 and 1230AD.
		Von Eschenbach transcends time in his decision of stones and arrows; stones being a punishment of a biblical order while arrows would have been the most modern form of aerial attack.
		Von Eschenbach's belief that love is attained by battle and combat-by-arms is just as popular now as it was then except that instead of knights we now give sports stars and athletes the fame.
	www.copperfieldreview.com /non_fiction/tests_and_sacrifices.htm (3573 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Wolfram
		In 1203 he was at the court of Landgrave Hermann von Thüringen.
		Built c.1070, later enlarged, and renovated in the 18th cent., it was the seat of the medieval landgraves of Thuringia.
		Wolfram Workbench(TM): Introducing the State of the Art for Technical Development.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Wolfram (594 words)

	Wolfram von Eschenbach Summary
		One of the great poets of all time, Wolfram von Eschenbach was conscious of his stature and emphasizes it unashamedly in one of his major works: "ich bin Wolfram von Eschenbach unt kan ein teil mit sange" (114, 12-13 [all citations refer to the standard...
		Wolfram von Eschenbach (born possibly around 1170, died around 1220) was a German knight and poet, regarded as one of the greatest epic poets of his time.
		Wolfram von Eschenbach: Portrait of Wolfram from the Codex Manesse.
	www.bookrags.com /Wolfram_von_Eschenbach (172 words)

	Parsifal Wolfram von Eschenbach, from Lundy Isle of Avalon by Mystic Realms
		Wolfram was a Bavarian, knighted by one of the Counts von Henneberg at Massfeld near Meiningen.
		Wolfram von Eschenbach was present with the German contingent at the siege of Damietta in Egypt during the fifth crusade where he may have been impressed by the actions of the military orders, esp. the Templars
		Wolfram wrote Parzival between 1200 and 1210; the Knights Templar owned Lundy, by grant of the English crown, from 1166 until 1220.
	www.lundyisleofavalon.co.uk /texts/parzifal.htm (1873 words)

	Wolfram von Eschenbach - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Wolfram's work indicates a number of possible patrons (most reliably Hermann I of Thuringia), which suggests that he served at a number of courts during his life.
		In the poem, Wolfram expresses disdain for Chrétien's (unfinished) version of the tale, and states that his source was a poet from Provence called Kyot.
		Wolfram's nine surviving songs, five of which are dawn-songs, are regarded as masterpieces of Minnesang.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wolfram_von_Eschenbach (606 words)

	WOLFRAM VON ESCHENBACH - Online Information article about WOLFRAM VON ESCHENBACH
		Wolfram von Eschenbach lives in, and is revealed by, his See also:
		style, but one he does not name, only blaming him as being so obscure and involved that none can tell what his meaning may be; this un-named poet has always been understood to be Wolfram von Eschenbach, and in a passage of Willehalm the author refers to the unfavourable criticisms passed on Parzival.
		Wolfram and Gottfried were both true poets, but of widely differing style.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /WIL_YAK/WOLFRAM_VON_ESCHENBACH.html (1452 words)

	Wolfram von Eschenbach Parzival (Parsifal) Summary
		Wolfram was a knight, perhaps poor, and he spent "considerable time at the court of the Landgrave Hermann at the famous Wartburg [castle] near Erfurt" where he met the Minnesinger Walther von der Vogelweide.
		Wolfram seems to state in the poem that he could not read, and that therefore this was an oral poem.
		The alleged source Wolfram names, Kyot of Provençal, has not been identified (he probably is not Guiot de Provins) nor have his works been located--perhaps he is fictional or a joke on the audience.
	www.mcgoodwin.net /pages/otherbooks/we_parzival.html (7761 words)

	Newberry Library \| Newberry Consort Repertoire - Titurel Fragments
		The poetic fragments known as Titurel are actually a revisitation by Wolfram von Eschenbach of his Parzifal legend.
		Wolfram's audience would have already been familiar with Titurel's main characters, the lovers Sigune and Schionatulander, and with their tragic fate.
		Why Wolfram himself chose to tell only a partial saga is unknown, but it may be conjectured that he found the complicated poetic form unwieldy.
	www.newberry.org /consort/titurelprogram.html (615 words)

	Kyou Kara Maou: Names
		This Wolfram was born in Eschenbach, Bavaria (A part of Germany), though the birth date is unknown, and was a poet and knight.
		Wolfram von Eschenbach was thought of being Bavarian lower nobility, as well.
		Cecilie von Mecklenburg-Schwerin was the daughter of Friedrich Franz III Großherzog von Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Anastasiya Mikhailovna Romanov.
	alatariel.net /names (1221 words)

	Wolfram von Eschenbach and his 'Parzival'
		It is thought that he was a member of a Bavarian family of the lower nobility, that he served for a time at the court of a Franconian lord and later that of Hermann, Landgrave of Thuringia.
		He told Cosima that Wolfram's text was irrelevant; when he first read the epic (at Marienbad in 1845, after which he did not look at it again until Mathilde Wesendonk sent him a new edition in 1859) he had said to himself that nothing could be done with it,
		In that garden on a spring morning in 1857, I believe, Wagner found his inspiration by identifying Wolfram's sheltered youth venturing out into the world with another sheltered youth to whom old age, sickness and death were revealed for the first time on a day that changed his life.
	home.c2i.net /monsalvat/wolfram.htm (924 words)

	AllRefer.com - Wolfram von Eschenbach (German Literature, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Wolfram von Eschenbach[vOl´frAm fun esh´unbAkh] Pronunciation Key, c.1170–c.1220, German poet.
		In 1203 he was at the court of Landgrave Hermann von ThUringen.
		Richard Wagner's final opera Parsifal (1882) was based on his epic, and Wolfram himself was a character in the same composer's TannhAuser (1845).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/W/Wolframv.html (254 words)

	SAGEN.at - The Parzival of Wolfram von Eschenbach
		In Crestien, the Fisher King's wound has no moral justification; in Wolfram, it is the punishment of the king's sin in breaking his vow.
		In Crestien, the question relates to the nature of the talisman and the use to which it is put; in Wolfram, primarily to the sufferer from the effects of sin, secondarily to the hero who can only attain full perfection by sympathetic compassion with the suffering caused by sin.
		This deepened and intensified spiritual interpretation of the incident cannot be disassociated from the Crusading framework and the modelling of the Grail knighthood upon that of the Temple.
	www.sagen.at /texte/sagen/grossbitannien/wolfram.html (552 words)

	Amazon.com: Parzival: A Romance of the Middle Ages: Books: Wolfram Von Eschenbach (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Wolfram, both a knight and a (slightly eccentric) poet from thirteenth-century southern Germany, is the author of this long Arthurian romance, of a long Carolingian epic, "Willehalm," and some shorter works.
		Wolfram himself was translating, in his own fashion, Chretien de Troyes' unfinished "Perceval, or, The Story of the Grail" -- although he himself claims to have an additional source, the mysterious "Kyot," who had a better, truer, version.
		Wolfram is particularly knowledgeable about military affairs and you can learn a lot from this story about what it was like (or supposed to be like) to be a knight at the time.
	www.amazon.com /Parzival-Romance-Wolfram-Von-Eschenbach/dp/0394701887 (2764 words)

	Wolfram von Eschenbach. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		His only complete work is his famous Parzival, a poem of chivalry notable for its lyricism, humor, and depth of conception (see Parsifal).
		Wolfram’s other works include two unfinished epic poems, Willehalm and Titurel, and lyrics.
		Richard Wagner’s final opera Parsifal (1882) was based on his epic, and Wolfram himself was a character in the same composer’s Tannhäuser (1845).
	www.bartleby.com /65/wo/Wolframv.html (172 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Wolfram von Eschenbach (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Wolfram von Eschenbach belongs to the small group of German narrative poets composing at the beginning of the thirteenth century.
		Although they share more or less the same time-span for their creativity, the quartet are remarkably varied, and Wolfram’s own œuvre is distinguished by its variety, originality and his mastery of language and thought.
		A poor man, by his own account, he is unlikely to have travelled much, yet he is aware of the world outside his immediate neighbourhood and fascinated, in particular, by the vast reaches of the heathen world which play a significant role in all three narrative poems.
	www.litencyc.com /php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=4784 (654 words)

	J.L.Weston on Wagner's 'Parsifal' and its Medieval Sources: part 1
		Wolfram] in placing the mysterious castle in the midst of a forest, and representing its discovery as a task in which both human skill and energy are unavailing.
		Wolfram's version, and that which has given Wagner the hint for the colouring 'motif' of his drama, lies in the fact that he represents
		Wolfram depicts the child Parzival as slaying the birds in pure thoughtlessness, and then overwhelmed with remorse for the harm he has unwittingly done:
	home.c2i.net /monsalvat/weston.htm (1821 words)

	Parzival: Further reading
		Wolfram von Eschenbach: Parzival, based on the edition of Karl Lachmann, with a translation and introduction by Wolfgang Spiewok, 2 vols., Stuttgart 1981 (Reclams Universalbibliothek 3681-3682).
		On the function of the Loherangrin episode in Wolfram von Eschenbach's "Parzival"', in: Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur 126 (2004), 65-84.
		Wynn, Marianne: Wolfram's Parzival: On the Genesis of its Poetry, Frankfurt a.M. 1984 (Mikrokomos 4).
	users.ox.ac.uk /~npalmer/bibl/Parzival2.htm (515 words)

	Wolfram von Eschenbach (Mediaevum.de)
		Wolfram von Eschenbach – einer der bedeutendsten und zugleich eigenwilligsten Dichter deutscher Sprache – schuf (wahrscheinlich) im ersten Viertel des 13.
		In die Handlung verwoben sind Geschichten vom Gral, der Gralssippe und den Artusrittern; und nicht zuletzt erzählt Wolfram vier Szenen, die die Trauer von Parzivals Cousine Sigune um ihren toten Geliebten Schianatulander schildern, den Ausgangspunkt für den 'Titurel'.
		Unter Benutzung der Ausgaben von Karl Lachmann und Moriz Haupt, Friedrich Voigt und Carl von Kraus bearbeitet von Hugo Moser und Helmut Tervooren.
	www.mediaevum.de /autoren/wolfram_von_eschenbach.htm (1243 words)

	The Hidden Church of the Holy Graal: Book VI: I. The Parsifal of Wolfram Von Eschenbach
		The story of the Quest in Wolfram may be considered in the interests of clearness under two heads, the first of which is designed to develop the specific analogies with other romances of the Perceval cycle, while in the second there are exhibited the specific points of distinction.
		Feirfeis married before leaving his native land, but as Wolfram von Eschenbach begins his knightly epic with one cruel adultery, so he ends it with another, eclipsing his previous record by uniting Feirfeis, within the sacred walls--after his baptism--to the pure and wonderful maiden who through all her virgin days had carried the Holy Graal.
		Wolfram von Eschenbach describes this abundance as (a) earthly delight in the plenary realisation thereof, and (b) joy which he is justified in comparing with the glories of heaven's gold bar.
	www.sacred-texts.com /sro/hchg/hchg52.htm (6147 words)

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