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Topic: Wonnarua

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	James Webber - Tocal's first European settler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Within weeks of landing in Sydney James Webber travelled via Newcastle to Paterson's Plains where he selected 1,500 acres of land which was to form the core of his Tocal estate.
		The Wonnarua called the area 'Tucal' or 'Tugal' meaning 'big' or 'plenty', probably because of the abundance of wildlife, fish and plants found there.
		In accordance with Colonial regulations, the 1,500 acres were granted to James Webber on the condition he maintain 15 convicts on the land at his own expense.
	www.tocal.com /homestead/webber/jwboard2.htm (243 words)

	.yourguide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Kooris living in the area from what is now known as Brookfield to the headwaters of the Williams and Chichester rivers belonged to a tribe known as the Gringai, a sub-group of the Wonnarua people.
		The areas now known as Paterson and Gresford were home to another branch of the Gringai tribe, with whom the Kooris in the Dungog district intermarried and interacted.
		Northwards, the lower Williams was inhabited by the Kattang tribe of the Worimi people, with a tribal boundary with the Gringais at a point approximately at the present locality of Glen William and a territory which extended through what is now Clarence Town, down the Williams River to the coast.
	www.barringtontowns.com.au /review_detail.asp?class=Local%20Information&subclass=Our%20Towns&id=33&calclass=Entertainment (309 words)

	Cessnock Electorate Aboriginal Heritage - 10/11/1999 - PRIV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The traditional owners, the Wonnarua, believe that archaeologists are controlling their heritage with legislation under the National Parks and Wildlife Act, and that the National Parks and Wildlife Service has consented to the wholesale destruction of their heritage because the archaeologists’ report is the final say on their heritage.
		Archaeologists may well be versed in the science of identification and restoration of significant sites, but they have little affinity or affiliation with the culture and the land, or the ties that the Aboriginal traditional owners have with their land.
		The Hunter Valley, and in particular the Wonnarua people who are suffering the loss of their tribal lands, should have the ability to preserve their artefacts locally and in a culturally appropriate site.
	www.parliament.nsw.gov.au /prod/parlment/hansart.nsf/V3Key/LA19991110040 (692 words)

	Journeys in Time: Related Topics: Aboriginal Tribes
		They were neighbours with the Kuring-gai and Darkinung peoples to the south, the Worimi people to the north, and the Wonnarua people to the west (on the middle reaches of the Hunter River).
		The boundaries for the Darkinung appear to have stretched from Wilberforce and Wiseman's Ferry on the Hawkesbury River to Jerry's Plains and Singleton on the Hunter.
		They had close trade and ceremonial links with their neighbours the Darkinung, to the south, as well as close contact with the Wiradjuri to the west of the mountains.
	www.lib.mq.edu.au /all/journeys/related/tribes.html (570 words)

	Australian Online Bookshop - Item detail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The beliefs of the Wonnarua centred around the land.
		Both man and animal descended from the spirits that moved over the earth and the laws that originated in the Dreamtime were passed onto man by these spirits.
		The art of the Wonnarua was based on stencils.
	www.bookworm.com.au /cgi-bin/bookmall/bookworm/returndetail.tam?&item%2Ectx=AA000141 (294 words)

	Linguist List - Book Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		It is primarily based on the work of the Reverend Lancelot Threlkeld, who, in the first half of the nineteenth century, wrote a comprehensive account of the language taught to him by Biraban.
		The evidence from archival sources suggests that the language described by Threlkeld as 'The language of the Hunter River and Lake Macquarie' was spoken by people now known as Awabakal, Kuringgai, Wonnarua, and perhaps Geawegal.
		Muurrbay is a nonprofit Aboriginal organization that supports the coastal languages of northern and central N.S.W. through its auspicing of the Many Rivers Aboriginal Language Centre.
	linguistlist.org /pubs/books/get-book.cfm?BookID=21516 (270 words)

	Many Rivers Aboriginal Language Centre
		Established in 2004, Many Rivers Aboriginal Language Centre (M.R.A.L.C.) provides strategic support for Aboriginal communities of the northern and central coasts of NSW who want to revitalise their languages.
		MRALC is a regional language centre that aims to support the following languages: Awabakal - Wonnarua, Bundjalung, Darkinyung, Dunghutti - Thungutti, Kattang (Birrbay and Warrmay), and Yaygirr - Yaegl.
		Like other regional language centres, MRALC conducts research on several Aboriginal languages and supports communities in their efforts to learn and teach their languages.
	www.muurrbay.org.au /mralc.html (293 words)

	[No title]
		I am 63 years of age and recently retired from my role as NSW State manager for Ardmona Foods.
		My indigenous connection is by way of my mother who is from the Wonnarua people of Singleton in NSW.
		I have endeavoured to make this submission as relevant as possible, by trying to cover the major issues, affecting not only indigenous Australians, but also contemporary Australians (non indigenous), because when we look at the big picture we are all Australians.
	www.atsicreview.gov.au /stage2/Neil%20Hills%20submission%20130803.doc (6280 words)

	Night and Day - Page Fifteen
		It became apparent that the Jamiesons owned vast tracts of the surrounding land - collectively referred to as "the property", a convenient diminution that was yet another example of that very Australian tendency to minimalise - moving from relative flat paddocks to rolling landscapes plunging into rocky cairns and that same, meandering river.
		"The Wonnarua people are the traditional owners of this land, even though my great-grandfather bought the deed about a hundred and fifty years ago.
		It was fortunate that my grandfather was a forward-thinking man: whereas many others in his time saw indigenous people as being classless and primitive, he realised that the Wonnarua knew more about the ways of nature than he could ever learn in a lifetime.
	www.ausxip.com /fanfic14/nightandday15.html (14081 words)

	Victor Perry on behalf of the Wonnarua People - Agreements Database Biographical entry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Victor Perry on behalf of the Wonnarua People
		Summary Information: Victor Perry on behalf of the Wonnarua People is listed as a signatory party to the Powercoal Pty Ltd, Victor Perry, Stephen Seiver & NSW ALC ILUA Area Agreement Indigenous Land Use Agreement (ILUA) (28 May 1999 - 28 May 2020).
		Sources used to compile this entry: National Native Title Tribunal, Extract from the Register of Indigenous Land Use Agreements for NIA2000/001 (as at 26 July 2004).
	www.atns.net.au /biogs/A001871b.htm (147 words)

	www.smh.com.au - Bogong moths beat burgers in the fat stakes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Lesley Salem, a nurse practitioner specialising in caring for kidney patients, was often stumped when her Aboriginal patients would ask: "How many lizards can I eat?" or, "Would lilly pilly jam be good for the kidneys?
		So Mrs Salem, a descendant of the Wonnarua people who lived around Stroud, went searching for answers.
		She found research on the nutritional value of bush tucker had been done, but very little had been published in a way it could be used by people needing to know exactly what they were eating.
	www.smh.com.au /text/articles/2007/02/09/1170524303991.html (479 words)

	Presenters
		He recently presented in Hobart and participants saw many possibilities for using his work to assist teachers to reflect on their practice.
		Professor John Lester is a Wonnarua man from the Singleton area.
		He has more than 21 years of operational and managerial leadership in Indigenous education and training covering school, TAFE and university.
	www.pco.com.au /niec/presenters.htm (1051 words)

	Attempt to protect Indigenous heritage from mining 'vandals'. 07/07/2005. ABC News Online
		The NSW Upper Hunter Valley's Indigenous community has formed an action group to protect local cultural sites and artefacts from being wiped out by coal mining.
		The chairman of the Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation, Robert Lester, says a group of elders has come together to protect what is left of the region's Indigenous heritage.
		He has described mining companies as cultural vandals and says development should not mean cultural destruction.
	www.abc.net.au /news/newsitems/200507/s1408716.htm (227 words)

	Barrington Tops National Park - Culture & history
		The Worimi, Biripi and Wonnarua were divided into a number of nurras or clans.
		The rugged lands of the Barrington Tops sometimes became a refuge for Aboriginal people, most famously for fl outlaw Jimmy Governor.
		Today, Barrington Tops National Park and State Conservation Area are important to today's Worimi, Biripi and Wonnarua communities, as an intact part of Aboriginal country.
	www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au /parks.nsf/ParkContent/N0002?OpenDocument&ParkKey=N0002&Type=Xk (806 words)

	Coal & Allied \| Community
		As a part of our commitment to the local community, we offer schools, service clubs, and other community-based organisations the opportunity to apply for funding or inkind support
		Coal & Allied recognises the cultural significance of its mining land to the local Aboriginal people and, therefore, works closely with the Wonnarua people to develop lasting relationships built on trust, respect and mutual benefits
		Our relationship with the communities in which we operate is based on two-way communication
	www.coalandallied.com.au /community/default.asp (308 words)

	Didgeridoo and Aboriginal Art - Mananura Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		We are located outside of Sydney, and are devoted to bringing the stunning and authentic Aboriginal Art of the Peoples who are Native to the New South Wales area of Australia to the public.
		On display are the works of members of the Ngiyampa, Wirradjuri, Wonnarua and Kamilaroi, Dharug and Kalkadoon Tribes.
		We have members who do traditional dance, as we sometimes
	www.didgeridoo-digeridoo-yidaki.com (516 words)

	caergwrle, allynbrook - people and places – atmitchell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		View the complete record for the Atlas of the Settled Counties
		The traditional owners of the Allyn River valley are the Gringai clan of the Wonnarua Aboriginal people.
		The area was first explored by Europeans in 1801, when Colonel William Paterson (1755-1810) led a party of men into the upper reaches of the Hunter River, hoping to trace its source.
	www.atmitchell.com /journeys/history/people/caergwrle (323 words)

	History of Tocal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Home to Gringai clan of the Wonnarua people
		Tocal has a long and proud history, which has seen it established as one of the foremost agricultural institutions in Australia.
		Tocal is on lands formerly inhabited by the Gringai clan of the Wonnarua people.
	www.agric.nsw.gov.au /reader/tocal-toc/19461 (647 words)

	Wanaruah Cave Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Wanaruah people (also spelt Wonnarua) have lived in the Hunter Valley of N.S.W. for countless centuries.
		We border the Darkinung,Worimi & Awabakal tribes to whom we are related & on the western side the Kamilaroi with whom we have a times quarreled.
		If you have questions about enabling scripting on your browser please contact customer support at MyQuickResponse.
	www.aboriginalarttreasures.com /site/1435924/page/615610 (1110 words)

	Coal & Allied \| Environmental \| Environmental Management \| Cultural Heritage
		Coal & Allied recognises the cultural significance of its Upper Hunter lands to the Wonnarua Traditional Owners and works in partnership with the local Aboriginal community to manage and protect their cultural heritage.
		The Upper Hunter Valley Cultural Heritage Working Group (UHVCHWG), established in September 2005, provides an ongoing forum for consultation with the Aboriginal community and for the joint development of cultural heritage management programmes associated with Coal & Allied projects.
		Coal and Allied has an Environmental Management System certified to comply with ISO 14001
	www.coalandallied.com.au /environmental/management/heritage.asp (309 words)

	Things we can learn from Native Peoples by Alan Pert (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		We thus stand alone against the cumulative memories and wisdom of all other societies when maintaining this point of view.We justify our position by accusing our ancestors and existing tribal societies of being superstitious and ignorant of the real causes of organic existence.Do we really have a basis for this belief?"(Deloria,p.38)
		James Miller, Koori of the Wonnarua people, outlines the basic features of Aboriginal creation:
		The world view of native peoples is holistic, therefore the following categories overlap and no clear demarcation can really be made between them.(The Western mind likes to break things down into categories.)
	www-personal.usyd.edu.au /~apert/native.html (2778 words)

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