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Topic: Word order in Latin

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	Word order in Latin - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Latin differs from languages like English in that it uses many noun cases which are declined in such a way that they are nearly all different from each other, and even proper nouns such as names are declined.
		Declension by case means that word order can be more variable in Latin than in English and other languages—because a reader or listener can discern the case of a word, it is not necessary to adhere to a strictly defined order.
		Nonetheless, the SOV permutation was the most frequent in Classical Latin, except where—in poetry, for example—the ordering was often changed for the sake of rhythm or emphasis.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Word_order_in_Latin (343 words)

	Latin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Latin is a synthetic or inflectional language: affixes are attached to fixed stems to express gender, number, and case in adjectives, nouns, and pronouns, which is called declension; and person, number, tense, voice, mood, and aspect in verbs, which is called conjugation.
		However, as many as half the words in English were derived from Latin, including many words of Greek origin first adopted by the Romans, not to mention the thousands of French, Spanish, and Italian words of Latin origin that have also enriched English.
		Latin was once taught in most of the schools in Britain with academic leanings - perhaps 25% of the total [1].
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Latin (1520 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Therefore Latin nouns are often memorized with their genitive (rex, regis) as this gives a good indication for the declension to use and reveals the stem of the word (reg, not rex).
		The locative case is extremely marginal in Latin, applying only to the names of cities and small islands and to a few other isolated words, and is identical to the genitive case in the singular of the first and second declension, and the ablative case otherwise.
		In poetry, however, word order was often changed for the sake of the meter, for which vowel quantity (short vowels vs. long vowels and diphthongs) and consonant clusters, not rhyme and word stress, governed the patterns.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Latin_grammar (2090 words)

	Word order in Latin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Latin differs from languages like English in that it uses many noun cases which are declined in such a way that they are nearly all different from each other, and even proper nouns such as names are declined.
		Declension by case means that word order can be more variable in Latin than in English and other languages—because a reader or listener can discern the case of a word, it is not necessary to adhere to a strictly defined order.
		Nonetheless, the SOV permutation was the most frequent in Classical Latin, except where—in poetry, for example—the ordering was often changed for the sake of rhythm or emphasis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Word-order_in_Latin (360 words)

	Learn Latin 2
		Latin does not have articles (i.e., the words for "a," "an," and "the").
		When you translate from Latin into English, you will have to guess based on the context whether you should add "a," "an," "the" or nothing at all to the word you are translating.
		In Latin, the subject of a verb (I, you, he, she, we, y'all, they) is often expressed by the verb itself and so it unnecessary.
	members.cox.net /jimmyakin/Learn_Latin_2.html (567 words)

	Linguistic typology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Some languages that are inflected are difficult to classify in the SVO typological system, because virtually any ordering of verb, object, and subject is possible and correct.
		For example, in a non-inflected language, the subject and object of a sentence are determined by word order; in an inflected language, the determination may be made by affixes applied to nouns to designate their grammatical roles.
		In such a system, fixed word order is not necessary to determine meaning (although highly inflected languages do sometimes develop normative word orders).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Linguistic_typology (606 words)

	A Case for Classics in Middle and High School (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		One word was "equanimity." I identified the "equ" part as coming from "equus" an adjective that means "equal" or "steady" in Latin.
		Putting these two words together, I concluded that "equanimity" must possess a meaning close to a "steady mind." My logic proved correct since "equanimity" does mean "evenness of mind" or "composure." Without my knowledge of Latin, I would not have come to such a sure conclusion.
		Because Latin and Greek do not have a set sentence structure, it is absolutely necessary to learn and recognize the cases in each sentence and uses of each word.
	www.newhorizons.org /voices/ruccolo.htm (1178 words)

	Plain Man's Guide to Latin
		In Latin, however, so long as we do not change the word endings, we can change the order of the words as much as we like; the sentence will still mean the same.
		But in English the order of words determines the grammar and we have to use other devices for emphasis, such as the tone of our voice or, on the printed page, the use of italics, underlining or exclamation marks.
		The subject of a Latin sentence is always in the nominative and the object is usually in the accusative.
	www.latin-mass-society.org /pmg/pmg1.htm (2824 words)

	c3.app.word.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		A noun in apposition is a noun placed next to another noun in order to explain and describe it - the noun in apposition functions like an adjective (it describes the noun it modifies).
		The noun in apposition always agrees with the noun it is describing in case, and usually in gender and number also.
		However, there is no "correct" word order for a Latin sentence as there is in English.
	abacus.bates.edu /acad/depts/crll/latin101/Chapter3/c3.app.word.htm (157 words)

	Latin1: The Easy Way
		In Latin, the actor/actee is "Caesar/Marcum Brutum" and the action is "saw".
		Latin shows use by changes in spelling, you can turn a statement inside out and upside down and the meaning doesn't change.
		So are the words for: casa [casam] meaning 'house,' tabula [tabulam] meaning 'table', urna [urnam] meaning 'pot, jar, container', aqua [aquam] meaning 'water', and porta [portam] meaning 'door' or 'access' or 'gate.' Not every of the type has to do with houses and their furnishings, but a lot do.
	www.cherryh.com /www/latin1.htm (716 words)

	Word-order.final (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The word order facts we look at are not readily amenable to structural distinctions, and point to the existence of a separate word order component, but do not seriously challenge the view that the constituency and the word order domain co-incide.
		The Order of Complements in the VP We contrast phrasal complements (which we call 'non-lite', anticipating the weight feature) which occur freely to the right of the head in French, with bare complements (called 'lite') which must precede phrasal complements and are strictly ordered among themselves.
		The word order phenomena under investigation reflect properties of the lexical items; because they cannot be reduced to valence requirements, and because the combinatorics is not different when the phrase behaves ambiguously and when it behaves only as a usual maximal projection, a bar level distinction is not appropriate.
	www.llf.cnrs.fr /fr/Abeille/Word-order.html (9894 words)

	Introduction I: Latin and English
		The principal difference between Latin and English is Latin is a heavily inflected language: it uses word-endings to do a lot of the business that in English is transacted by rigid word order.
		Latin is an example of what's sometimes called a scrambling language, where you can work out the meaning of a sentence no matter what order the words come in.
		This flexibility of word order is one of the great resources of Latin expressiveness, especially in poetry, that simply isn't available in English.
	www.rhul.ac.uk /Classics/NJL/Latin/intro1.html (331 words)

	Latin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Latin was the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium.
		Latin and Romance differ(for example) in that Romance had distinctive stress whereas Latin had distinctive length of vowels.
		During the 16th and on through the 18th century English writers created huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek roots.These words, dubbed "inkpot" words (as if they had spilled from an pot of ink), were rich in flavor and meaning.
	www.therfcc.org /latin-1328.html (516 words)

	Beginning Latin...
		In order to make endingless sentences intelligible again, English substituted a structured word order, in which the first thing mentioned was to be taken as the subject, the second a the verb, and the third a the object.
		Latin with its myriad endings, had no problems identifying the function of words in sentences, and used what may seem to us a "free word order".
		But in Latin, the word order is basically at the service of the author and his ideas, it can be a stylistic and an artistic consideration.
	community.middlebury.edu /~harris/LatinBackground/BeginningLatin.html (845 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Carthusian Order
		In both orders the superiors were to be priors, not abbots, and in all the earliest Carthusian houses there was, as at Camaldoli, a "lower house" for lay brothers who served the external needs of the contemplative monks at the "upper house".
		A century later a second edition was printed at the Correrie or "lower house" of the Grande Chartreuse by order of Dom Innocent Le Masson, and this, after receiving certain corrections of slight importance, was finally confirmed by Innocent XI by the Bull "Injunctum nobis" of 1588.
		The badge of the order is a globe surronded by a cross and seven stars, with the motto "Stat crux, dum volvitur orbis".
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03388a.htm (4693 words)

	Word order in Latin -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Nonetheless, the SOV permutation was the most frequent in Classical Latin, except where—in (Literature in metrical form) poetry, for example—the ordering was often changed for the sake of rhythm or emphasis.
		It is possible to construct a poem with a completely regular rhythm of (Click link for more info and facts about stressed) stressed and unstressed (A unit of spoken language larger than a phoneme) syllables through careful arrangement of the right words in the right order, a feat rendered virtually impossible in English.
		Many (A branch of the Indo European family of language) Slavic languages, such as (A native or inhabitant of Russia) Russian and (The property of being smooth and shiny) Polish—though not (A native or inhabitant of Bulgaria) Bulgarian—also have many noun cases, making variable word order possible as in Latin.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/w/wo/word_order_in_latin.htm (389 words)

	Dummies::Declining a Latin Noun
		Because it's genitive, stick the words of the in front of the noun: of the farmers.
		So put the words in the order they would be in an English sentence — subject, verb, and direct object — throw in a couple articles for good measure, and now you get "The girl loves the land of the farmers." Voila!
		Remember that word order in Latin plays less of a role in determining meaning than it does in English.
	www.dummies.com /WileyCDA/DummiesArticle/id-1432.html (845 words)

	Plain Man's Guide to Latin
		The word “Preface” is something of a misnomer because it has come to mean an introduction to a piece of writing of which it does not strictly form an integral part, rather like the overture to an opera.
		The change in word order destroys the poetry of course, and the translation is stylistically awful, but the idea is to enable you to work through the Preface and understand the meaning of each word in it.
		It is in other words both a light which is new and a light which is directed towards the eyes of our mind; it is, in the Latin word order, a “new towards-our-mind’s-eyes light”.
	www.latin-mass-society.org /pmg/pmg2.htm (1836 words)

	Beginners' Latin \| Reference \| Problems with Latin and the documents
		This is an introduction to the problems that you may encounter with Latin vocabulary and grammar in documents from the period 1086 to 1733.
		It is important to remember that the Latin used in the period covered by this tutorial was not consistent.
		Latin at school, you will find that the Latin in this tutorial is different.
	www.nationalarchives.gov.uk /latin/beginners/problems/default.htm (789 words)

	Word order in Latin: Encyclopedia - Word order in Latin
		Word order in Latin, Word order, Linguistic typology
		However, some Latin writers use word order to add emphasis to certain words in a statement.
		Unfortunately, many students of Latin are never taught this distinction, and instead, they follow the ill-founded idea that word order does not matter.
	www.experiencefestival.com /a/Word_order_in_Latin/id/1972430 (652 words)

	KET DL \| Latin 3 \| Grammatica \| Grammar in General
		However, in Latin I and II, you also saw that frequently the subject came first, that adjectives followed nouns (except those of beauty, size, goodness and truth which precede nouns usually) and the verb came last.
		It is perfectly ok to translate Latin words in the order you see them, but once you have read the sentence, rearrange them into good English word order.
		Read the Latin passage, pay attention to endings and to previously made comments and you will in time be able to respond in Latin with never having translated a word.
	www.dl.ket.org /latin3/grammar/wordorder.htm (903 words)

	Articles - Holy Orders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The word "holy" simply means "set apart for some purpose." The word ordo (order, in Latin) designated an established civil body or corporation with a hierarchy, and ordinatio meant legal incorporation into an ordo.
		The word "priest" either derives ultimately from the Greek presbuteros meaning "elder" or the Latin praepositus meaning "superintendent." The Catholic church sees the priesthood as both a reflection of the ancient temple priesthood of the Jews and the person of Jesus.
		Recently the ordination of Gene Robinson to the order of bishop in the Episcopal Diocese of New Hampshire, and the near ordination of Jeffrey John (was to be ordained Bishop of Reading) in the Church of England have caused a stir in the Anglican Communion, as not all provinces approve of such actions.
	gaple.com /articles/Holy_orders?mySession=de62ee8adc6355dc833437441b... (2537 words)

	View topic - Latin Word Order exercise 47 on page 21. - Textkit Greek and Latin Forums
		Yes, when words are moved out of the common order it is often the result of some emphasis.
		This is one thing I have noticed between Latin and Greek so far -- the focus in latin seems to be on the ones doing the thing but what they really did and how definite it was seems to be more open.
		All Greek and Latin grammars and language learning books are developed by Textkit and they are intended for personal educational use only.
	www.textkit.com /greek-latin-forum/viewtopic.php?t=3543 (787 words)

	Lesson VIII
		In high school Latin, verbs went to the end just as milk is always at the back of the supermarket, in the proper place.
		All three of these words are very useful, and you have no doubt encountered various cases of them in your daily life.
		Word order is subordinate to emphasis and style in Latin and has little effect on meaning.
	www.du.edu /~etuttle/classics/latin/latin8.htm (1338 words)

	Bibliography
		Conrad, Carl, "Traditional Patterns of Word Order in Latin Epic from Enius to Vergil," HSCP 69 (1965) 195-258.
		-----, "Prose Cola and Poetic Word Order," Helios 12 (1985) 51-66.
		Weil, Henri, The Order of Words in the Ancient Languages Compared with that of the Modern Languages, trans.
	omega.cohums.ohio-state.edu /latin/latin_prose_comp/bibliography.htm (564 words)

	Introduction to Diom
		It is not as heavily inflected as Classical or Modern Diom and follows a regular VSO word order.
		Stress on the second syllable if the word has more than two syllables, and this does put the stress off the stem; otherwise stress on the last syllables of the stem.
		Words with a single syllable are mostly particles and unaccented.
	www.bloomington.in.us /~dstokes/diom_intro.html (661 words)

	The Latin Road Home Page
		You do not have to be a Latin scholar to successfully teach Latin to your students.
		Schola Publications presents The LATIN Road to English Grammar, a comprehensive language curriculum designed for anyone who desires to gain a better knowledge of English through the study of Latin.
		The LATIN Road to English Grammar has been designed to begin as early as 5th/6th grade, allowing you to be finished with your high school foreign language requirement before entering high school.
	www.thelatinroad.com (351 words)

	W
		Burke seldom uses such words in a sense that would satisfy someone like Crane as strictly literal; even the word "literal" is not quite literal; thinking about the concept as Burke might, we would no doubt extend my questioning of Crane's usage in chapter 2 [of this work].
		Because word, image, and sound are expressed in a common digital code, the arts take on a new and radical convertibility that threatens both their present compartmentalization and its academic departmental embodiment.
		And by the time the extent of their departure is enough to become generally obvious, the stability of the new order they have built in the name of the old order gives them the strength to abandon their old god-term and adopt another'.
	www.sil.org /~radneyr/humanities/w.htm (10946 words)

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