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Topic: Working age

	4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 1995 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The proportion of the population which is of working age (15-64) is projected to remain stable at around 67% until 2011 and then to decline to 61% by 2041.
		Projected changes in the size of the working age population relative to the young (aged 0-14) and old (aged 65 and over) indicate the changing demands that may be placed on society in the future.
		Over the period 1993-2041, the projected increases in the numbers of people of working age are expected to vary between the states and territories, depending on the age structures of their populations and the projected levels of fertility, mortality and net migration.
	www.abs.gov.au /Ausstats/abs@.nsf/2f762f95845417aeca25706c00834efa/A166BEACF8F6BE9ECA2570EC00751358?opendocument (1019 words)

	Retirement Age and the Need for Saving
		Working just a few years longer and saving somewhat more of their income can greatly improve older workers' financial status even if they have not saved much until they near retirement.
		As a result, if the couple reaches age 62 with only $243,300 in savings--less than half the assets they will need to retire immediately--they can still retire with sufficient assets at age 66 by saving 10 percent of their after-tax income and earning a 3 percent real (inflation-adjusted) rate of return.
		For people ages 55 to 64, the patterns are slightly different: labor force participation by men declined until the mid-1990s and has since turned upward; participation by women has been climbing more or less continuously for half a century, though with a relatively stable period in the 1970s and 1980s (see Figure 2).
	www.cbo.gov /showdoc.cfm?index=5419&sequence=0 (2623 words)

	Fair Labor Association Annual Report: Benchmarks for the FLA Code Provision, Child Labor
		In six instances (19 percent), factories failed to comply with legal provisions for juvenile workers, who have reached the minimum legal working age as defined by local law, but due to their age are limited in the kind of work that they are allowed to do.
		Working with dangerous chemicals or using heavy or dangerous machinery are among the kinds of work that these workers are restricted from doing in many countries.
		In those cases where proof of age documentation is not readily available, employers will take precautions to ensure that all workers are at least the minimum working age, including medical or religious records, or other means considered reliable in the local context.
	www.fairlabor.org /2004report/overview/childLabor.html (806 words)

	Working Memory and Aging
		The elderly were divided into a young-old group of 32 adults between the ages of 60 and 74 and an old-old group of 27 adults between the ages of 75 and 92.
		Working memory was also measured under the assumption that speed of processing might exert its effects on cognition by altering the functioning of working memory.
		The results indicated age related effects of cognitive functioning were mainly mediated by age related reduction in working memory.
	www.hope.edu /academic/psychology/335/webrep/workmem.html (1200 words)

	Center for Immigration Studies
		When looking at the economic impact of the nation’s age structure, demographers often examine the share of the total population that is of working age, which is typically 15 to 64.
		States differ in their age distributions, and it is certainly possible that immigrants are drawn to states were there are relatively few people of working age.
		In 2000, 66 percent of the nation’s population was of working age — 15 to 64.
	www.cis.org /articles/2005/back505.html (10951 words)

	Flexible Working - Age Positive
		If your employer has a compulsory retirement age, you will have the legal right to ask to work beyond it, and your employer must formally consider your request.
		There are increasing options for older workers, such as: Reducing the number of hours you work, or moving to a less demanding role.
		Working beyond State Pension age and taking advantage of deferring State Pension with subsequent increases, or taking State Pension while continuing to work.
	www.agepositive.gov.uk /flexible_working/index.asp (757 words)

	Bertrand Russell -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		This work was heavily influenced by (Influential German idealist philosopher (1724-1804)) Immanuel Kant.
		Interested in the definition of (A concept of quantity derived from zero and units) number, Russell studied the work of (English mathematician; creator of Boolean algebra (1815-1864)) George Boole, (additional info and facts about Georg Cantor) Georg Cantor, and Augustus de Morgan, and he became convinced that the foundations of mathematics were tied to logic.
		He mastered Peano's new symbolism and his set of ((logic) a proposition that is not susceptible of proof or disproof; its truth is assumed to be self-evident) axioms for (The branch of pure mathematics dealing with the theory of numerical calculations) arithmetic.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/be/bertrand_russell.htm (6504 words)

	Center on an Aging Society
		Working caregivers are much more likely to say they are in good or excellent health while non-working caregivers are more likely to say they are in fair or poor health.
		Among those who have ever worked while providing care (includes both currently working caregivers and caregivers who are no longer working but have worked while caregiving), 39 percent rearranged their work schedule.
		Few working caregivers -- 10 percent -- report having to miss days of work to provide care and one in ten caregivers -- 12 percent -- report that they are dissatisfied with the quality of their work as a consequence of their caregiving responsibilities.
	ihcrp.georgetown.edu /agingsociety/pubhtml/caregiver4/caregiver4.html (1405 words)

	Is Your Age Working Against You? August 2003
		Typically age is not a consideration in the job application and hiring process.
		Underlying biases related to age stereotypes often are not translated into legally appropriate behavioral questions, and un-addressed concerns remain with the interviewer.
		When I asked her about her work experience, she admitted she had been a stay at home mom and had no outside-the-home work experience, which means no easy-to-translate track record.
	www.jobsinme.com /misc/page.aspx?pagenum=449 (900 words)

	Phased Retirement Report #1
		The Working Group Report, submitted to the Advisory Council on Employee Welfare and Pension Plans, known as the ERISA Advisory Council, on November 14, 2000, was approved by the full body and subsequently forwarded to the Secretary of Labor.
		Some plans provide that, at a minimum, a person who works past his or her normal retirement age will receive a pension whose value is equal to the value of the pension which would have been payable at his or her normal retirement age.
		Furthermore, individuals age 55 and over who draw their pensions as a series of income payments are not subject to the 10% early withdrawal tax penalty only if they have separated from service.
	www.dol.gov /ebsa/adcoun/phasedr1.htm (11601 words)

	Matthew Yglesias: Retirement Age
		This is an extraordinarily large proportion of people and, despite improvements in health and life expectancy, it's rising which suggests, as Bruce Bartlett argues, that the early retirement benefits are overly generous and should be reduced so as to be actuarially fair.
		An absolute eligibility age of 70 could be maintained to catch those who were unable to find regular employment, though their benefits would still be lower.
		This would have no effect on anyone who is in the labor force full time from age 22 to 62, but it would require more years of work from those who are in college or otherwise not working until their 30's.
	yglesias.typepad.com /matthew/2005/01/retirement_age.html (5412 words)

	U.S. Department of Labor - Find It By Topic - Youth & Labor - Age Requirements
		As a general rule, the FLSA sets 14 years of age as the minimum age for employment, and limits the number of hours worked by minors under the age of 16.
		Also, the FLSA generally prohibits the employment of a minor in work declared hazardous by the Secretary of Labor (for example, work involving excavation, driving, and the operation of many types of power-driven equipment).
		exceptions to the general rules (for example, work by a minor for his or her parents).
	www.dol.gov /dol/topic/youthlabor/agerequirements.htm (518 words)

	Working classes age better: study - Science - www.theage.com.au
		But for those who make it into old age, a working-class life seems to predict a certain hardiness, making them more likely to outlive their middle-class counterparts.
		By the end of 2002, 1598 of the participants were still alive - and of those who were aged 80 or older when the study began in 1988, 12 per cent were now in their late 90s, or older.
		Predictably, bodies begin to break down with age: two-thirds were physically disabled in 2001, compared with one-third in 1988, with women more inclined to physical frailty than men.
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2004/02/29/1077989433767.html (642 words)

	National Catholic Reporter: Nuns renew vows.(nuns keep working despite age) @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		There as many nuns over the age of 70 as under the age of 70 in the U.S. The Sisters of Charity of Nazareth have a retirement home with nuns that, despite their age, are very active socially.
		By working in social justice ministry, women religious are often involved in the secular political process or in fringe movements.
		Whether U.S. born or foreign born, the women's lives down the decades would touch millions of Americans, their work would establish benchmarks for solid, serviceable elementary education, compassionate and effective social services, colleges that were communities of faith, hospitals with a heart, social outreach with a soul.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:54117573&... (3258 words)

	The Body: More Than 35 Million Working-Age Adults Living With HIV/AIDS, International Labor Organization Report Says
		About 36.5 million adults of working age are HIV-positive and about 28 million working-age adults have died from AIDS-related causes since the beginning of the epidemic, according to a report released on Sunday by the International Labor Organization at the XV International AIDS Conference in Bangkok, Thailand, VOA News reports.
		ILO surveyed workers between the ages of 15 and 64 in 50 countries and found that HIV/AIDS is "one of the biggest causes of mortality in the working world," according to VOA News.
		The report, titled "HIV/AIDS and Work: Global Estimates, Impact and Response," shows that if access to antiretroviral drug treatment is not increased, the number of workers who die from AIDS-related causes will increase to 48 million by 2010 and 74 million by 2015, according to the report.
	www.thebody.com /kaiser/2004/jul13_04/work_hiv.html (430 words)

	Ministry of Social Development - Work Areas - Working Age People - Meeting Skill Needs: A Work and Income Response
		Work and Income significantly contributes to reducing skill and labour shortages by working with key industries/employers, other government agencies, training providers, and job seekers.
		The reports are based on Work and Income’s perceptions of skill shortages and recruitment difficulties in each region, and did not necessarily reflect the entire range.
		Work and Income was involved in each initiative in some way.
	www.ssi.govt.nz /work-areas/working-age-people/meeting-skill-needs.html (236 words)

	NASSCOM - US may be forced to get across the age bar, outsource jobs
		NEW DELHI: The US may be reacting strongly to the loss of American jobs to Indian shores but with its working age population declining continuously, age is simply not on its side — by ‘15, it requires an additional 15.6m workers to maintain the share of working population that existed in ’01.
		According to census figures, the US is expected to see a significant decline in the share of working age population.
		In comparison, India is witnessing a big surge in the 20-34 working age group — by 2.5% CAGR to 280m in ’06.
	www.nasscom.org /artdisplay.asp?Art_id=2061 (413 words)

	Untitled Document
		The universe is unemployed workers between the ages of 18 and 65, largely because it coincides with the distribution of employed workers.
		After narrowing the sample to unemployed individuals of working age, the remaining sample size is 1274.
		The households of unemployed workers are slightly larger, and are about as likely to have children in their households as the working age population.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~tanandan/saproject/sec2.htm (398 words)

	Cleveland Sight Center > Services by Age > Working-Age Adults
		Whether you are able to work or not, you will want to improve your daily living skills and your mobility skills in order to get around safely in your own home as well as in public.
		When the members of our employment staff are not working directly with you, they are in the community meeting with potential employers and educating them about hiring employees who are visually impaired or blind.
		Today, working age adults, as well as teens and a growing number of seniors, are learning how to use “adaptive” technology, such as voice-activated software and large print software.
	www.clevelandsightcenter.org /services/adults.htm (986 words)

	WRAL.com - News - Working Past Age 65 Yields Big Benefits For Seniors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Many people would like to retire before age 65, but studies show that the number of working people that are older than 65 has doubled in the last 20 years.
		Norma Outsley says staying in the work force has helped her save more money for when she is ready to retire.
		Consumer Reports said there are advantages to working beyond age 65 and suggests everyone should be prepared to be in the workforce past age 70.
	www.wral.com /news/2220315/detail.html (508 words)

	A profile of disability in Canada, 2001: Disability among working-age adults (aged 15 to 64)
		Working-age women are particularly affected by this less visible type of disability, 8.3% of them stating that they were limited in their activities because of pain or discomfort.
		Pain-related disability increases gradually from age 15 to 64, with prevalence within the total population rising from 2.0% for 15-to-24-year-olds to 5.4% for persons 25 to 44 and 13.1% for those aged 45 to 64.
		The gap between the sexes is also more pronounced in this age group, young women with disabilities being much more likely to have pain-related limitations (59.0%) than their male counterparts (42.6%).
	www.statcan.ca /english/freepub/89-577-XIE/workage.htm (388 words)

	Management of Allergic Rhinitis in the Working-Age Population: Summary of Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, No. 67 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The emphasis on the working-age population raises unique issues, including the relationship between symptoms or functional status and work performance, the effects of allergic rhinitis and its treatments on costs and work performance, and variability in management approaches and patient outcomes among patients treated by generalist physicians, allergy specialists, and otolaryngologists.
		The cost-effectiveness literature for allergic rhinitis is small in quantity and suffers from several methodological shortcomings, principally the lack of a standardized measure of effectiveness, the lack of prospectively collected cost or resource utilization data, and extrapolation of effectiveness data based on short-term randomized trials to long-term economic analyses.
		According to one standardized and validated instrument, overall work impairment associated with allergic rhinitis measured subjectively in three studies ranged from approximately 33 to 41 percent.
	www.ahcpr.gov /clinic/epcsums/rhinworksum.htm (2524 words)

	Chronic neck and shoulder pain, age, and working conditions: longitudinal results from a large random sample in France ...
		Chronic neck and shoulder pain, age, and working conditions: longitudinal results from a large random sample in France -- Cassou et al.
		as the effect of age was not one of their primary objectives.
		A prospective study of work related factors and physical exercise as predictors of shoulder pain.
	oem.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/59/8/537 (5005 words)

	Sound Off 7.24.03
		Teens are legally allowed to start working at age 14 but federal law regulates how many hours teens ages 14 to 17 can work during the school year and during summer.
		Teens 16 to 17 can work 44 hours per week when school is out.
		Anyone under 18 is required to obtain working papers at the local school district before starting a paid job.
	www.goerie.com /freshink/sound_off_7_24_03.html (317 words)

	Conditions/Impairments Among the Working Age
		The median age of people with disabilities is 42--6 years older than the general population whose median age was 36.
		Work disability measures whether or not a medical condition/impairment prevents or limits ability to work.
		Work disability is a combination of subjective, financial, health and disability-related factors.
	aspe.hhs.gov /daltcp/reports/conimpwa.htm (4622 words)

	North Dakota Dependency Ratio Expected to Increase
		If the age distribution patterns of the 1990s continue, 2020 projections indicate that this ratio will rise to 71 nonworking-age residents for every 100 residents of working age.
		The dependency ratio combines the proportion of people who are not of working age, either because they are less than 16 years old or because they are 65 years or older (retirement age) and compares this total with the proportion of people of working ages (16 to 64 years of age).
		This shift in age structure will impact the types of decisions needed to provide services to an older, nonworking population.
	www.ext.nodak.edu /extnews/newsrelease/2004/110404/07northd.htm (303 words)

	Access to Disability Data: Chartbook on Work and Disability
		The SIPP provides an opportunity to examine disability and work using a definition of disability consistent with the Americans with Disabilities Act.
		Compared to information from the National Health Interview Survey or the Current Population Survey, the SIPP definition of disability is more broad-based, covering a variety of limitations that may or may not be related to work.
		But the SIPP definition also includes people who use wheelchairs, report functional limitations or have other specified conditions, but may be fully employed and report no limitation in the amount or kind of work.
	www.infouse.com /disabilitydata/workdisability/1_1.php (263 words)

	Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for fibromyalgia and musculoskeletal pain in working age adults.
		The main purpose of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of multidisciplinary rehabilitation for fibromyalgia and wide spread musculoskeletal pain among working age adults.
		The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of multidisciplinary rehabilitation for fibromyalgia and widespread musculoskeletal pain among working age adults.
		Trials had to assess the effectiveness of multidisciplinary rehabilitation for patients suffering from fibromyalgia and widespread musculoskeletal pain among working age adults.
	www.tripdatabase.com /spider.html?itemid=273378 (669 words)

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