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Topic: Working class

Related Topics

Lower class

Class consciousness

Social class

Class system

Class in the United States, circa 2004

Classlessness

Class struggle

Class conflict

Achievement in British Education

Lumpenproletariat

Upper class

Bourgeosie

Proletariat

	working class acupuncture \| resources for practitioners
		The goal of Working Class Acupuncture is to create a national community of like-minded practitioners in independent clinics that provide low-cost, high quality acupuncture using our practice model.
		You can say that you practice "working class acupuncture" to describe your practice style, but unless you're planning to duplicate our setting exactly (and we hope you won't), it will be very confusing and possibly legally compromising for everybody.
		Working class people don’t think like that -- which is one of the nice things about being working class.
	www.workingclassacupuncture.org /practitioners.html (1271 words)

	Media Representations of the Working Class
		Working wives in television series tend to be middle class women in pursuit of careers.
		She continues that members of the white working classes are portrayed as dumb, inarticulate and old-fashioned.
		Such stereotypes serve to silence the concerns and perspectives of working class women and men in the media.
	www.media-awareness.ca /english/issues/stereotyping/whiteness_and_privilege/whiteness_working_class.cfm (330 words)

	CLASS ACTIONS PROTECT INVESTORS AND CONSUMERS FROM ABUSE: An Overview of the Requirements for Prosecuting and ...
		A class action is a powerful procedural tool to hold corporate wrongdoers accountable where there is widespread abuse of a large number of individuals who have suffered damages that individually are insufficient to support the cost of prosecuting individual claims.
		Absent commonality, a class action judgment is not binding on the class with respect to the questions of law or fact that were not common to the class.
		23(a)(3) requires that a class action may be maintained only if "the claims or defenses of the representative parties are typical of the claims or defenses of the class." Typicality is to ensure that the interests of the class representative are aligned with the interest of the class.
	www.alexanderlaw.com /class-action.html (2126 words)

	Working class - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The working class is a social class often contrasted with middle class and upper class in terms of the nature of work undertaken (manual labor or skilled), the level of remuneration (typically low hourly rates although there are exceptions) and access to resources (limited access to capital, education and land).
		The concept of the working class is important in Marxist, Anarchist and Socialist thought, there is a great deal of political interest in the precise definition of who the working class is. Key points of commonality amongst various ideas include the idea that there is one working class, even though it may be internally divided.
		Identification of a person as a member of the working class is often based on the nature of the work performed (Blue collar/White collar) by the person, the income of the person, or the extent of formal education that the person has completed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Working_class (1344 words)

	Social class - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Classes are seen to have their origin in the division of the social product into a necessary product and a surplus product.
		It is seen as the process of a "class in itself" moving in the direction of a "class for itself," a collective agent that changes history rather than simply being a victim of the historical process.
		For example, Bourdieu seems to have a notion of high and low classes comparable to that of Marxism, insofar as their conditions are defined by different habitus, which is in turn defined by different objectively classifiable conditions of existence.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Social_class (2245 words)

	working class - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about working class (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The cultural and political identity of the working class has been eroded since World War II by the introduction of new technology and the break-up of traditional communities through urban redevelopment.
		As a Marxist term, working class is more or less synonymous with proletariat and means those workers (manual or nonmanual) whose labour is bought and exploited by the bourgeoisie in exchange for wages.
		Not alone because of the privacy and holiness of the subject, but because of what might have been prudery in the middle class, but which in them was the modesty and reticence found in individuals of the working class when they strive after clean living and morality.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Working+class (281 words)

	The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: about the Working Class
		The "inevitable pauperisation" of the working class, he claims, was "the mechanism which was to ensure" the fall of capitalism and the victory of the working class.
		The working class — especially in Europe, at least for temporary periods — have won countless concessions from the capitalists, perhaps far greater than anticipated in the Manifesto, though Marx was to live to see working class representatives enter a bourgeois parliament.
		By comparison, the peasant and the middle class small businessman or shopkeeper is in competition with his or her peers, as is the capitalist.
	www.marxist.net /marx/workingclass.htm (1250 words)

	ParEcon.org -- Participatory Economics and the Self-Emancipation of the Working Class
		Marx considered the distinction between a worker’s capacity for work and the work he or she actually does for the capitalist firm as the basis of a struggle, a class struggle.
		This class is separate from the working class in virtue of the power they have over it, yet they are separate from the capitalist class because, like the working class, the power and economic prospects of the techno-managerial class are not based on ownership but on their work abilities, their knowledge and expertise.
		The working class form the majority of the population and their subordination in social production is a central facet of the existing system of oppression.
	www.parecon.org /writings/wetzel_emancipation.htm (6304 words)

	Unity of the Working Class against Fascism
		The fighters of the working class, the victims of reaction and fascism who are suffering agony, in torture chambers and concentration camps, political emigrants and their families, should all meet with the most sympathetic care and solicitude on the part of the organizations and functionaries of the ILD.
		The working class must strive to secure the union of all forces of the working-class youth and of all organizations of the anti-fascist youth, and win over that section of the working youth which has come under the demoralizing influence of fascism and other enemies of the people.
		But the working class in the capitalist countries is today no longer what it was in 1914, at the beginning of the imperialist war, nor what it was in 1918, at the end of the war.
	www.marxists.org /reference/archive/dimitrov/works/1935/unity.htm (9748 words)

	Working Class New York: Book Club Chat (Gotham Gazette. October 18, 2004)
		Working people want to be called middle class, even though it would probably be in their economic interest to be called working class.
		And even working class families are voicing their opposition to the war.
		Particularly from the point of view of labor and a view of white, working class New York, he did display some patrician attitudes that were contemptuous of low and working class culture.
	www.gothamgazette.com /article/feature-commentary/20041016/202/1152 (4429 words)

	Genders OnLine Journal - What is Prior? Working-Class Masculinity in Pat Barker's Trilogy
		One of the ways that she has defamiliarized the platitudes and pieties that accompany representations of the English working class is by decentering the ideology of the working-class hero, he who has shouldered the burden of proletarian aspiration.
		His class identification, his fearlessness, his disavowal of his father, even his sadomasochism (in his fugue state he burns himself with a cigar) are aspects of his character accentuated by the war, not just created by it.
		Certainly, Prior's class anger is inconsistent, enough, for instance, that his childhood friend Mac believes him to be a class traitor by informing on anti-war and anti-government protesters (political instability on the home front constitutes one of the sub-plots of the trilogy).
	www.genders.org /g35/g35_hitchcock.html (7201 words)

	Pub Philosopher: The Working Class bears the burden of immigration (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It always amuses me when middle class people condemn working class racism and say: "I don't understand racism," or "I have lots of friends from ethnic minorities," the sub-text being that the working class must all be hate filled savages who are unable to see beyond the colour of a person's skin.
		Working class people are usually totally thick slobs who never bother with education and have only themselves to blame for their problems.
		Labouring class is more correct, because most so-called 'working class' people never use their brains and are totally hostile to any form of education.Give them pubs, inane drivel like 'Eastenders' or 'Coronation Street' and they are happy.
	pubphilosopher.blogs.com /pub_philosopher/2005/04/the_working_cla.html (1886 words)

	Social Class (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Different social classes can be (and were by the classes themselves) distinguished by inequalities in such areas as power, authority, wealth, working and living conditions, life-styles, life-span, education, religion, and culture.
		The increasingly powerful (and class conscious) middle classes, however, undertook organized agitation to remedy this situation: the passage of the Reform Act of 1832 and the abolition of the Corn Laws in 1846 were intimations of the extent to which they would ultimately be successful.
		The working classes, however, remained shut out from the political process, and became increasingly hostile not only to the aristocracy but to the middle classes as well.
	www.victorianweb.org /history/Class.html (282 words)

	CJR May/June 2004: Across the Great Divide by Brent Cunningham (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The class divide between journalists and the poor and working-class Americans many of us claim to write for and about is real, though it has little to do with political ideology and is more complicated than the faux populists of the Right would have us believe.
		The middle class split, as blue-collar manufacturing jobs disappeared and were replaced by a tide of low-paying, insecure service sector jobs and an expansion of the professional class.
		Kotlowitz’s subjects were poor, not working class, and in some ways the press does a better job of covering poor people and their issues.
	www.cjr.org /issues/2004/3/cunningham-class.asp (5549 words)

	Working Class family Life and Structure
		Now with the industrial revolution the possibilty of a wife who stayed home became the ideal for the working classes, although it was often far from reality.
		worked as childrearing permitted, or as needed economically.
		Whatever occupation a breadwinner had, the greatest fear of a working class family was that some illness or injury would befall him.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/rschwart/hist255/la/family.html (338 words)

	One Class, One Party
		For years our Party has correctly advocated the slogan "the working class knows no borders." We understand that it is the ruling classes who have created borders in order to protect their profits, and to separate one area of workers from another.
		Among their correct ideas were: the need for a communist party unified by democratic centralism; the truth that the revolution must be based on the working class; the fact that the workers need allies among other sections of the population.
		Because the working class and the Party do not develop at the pace to satisfy this one or that one, many people throw up their hands and arrive at incorrect conclusions.
	www.plp.org /pl_magazine/one_class.html (5489 words)

	CPUSA Online - Working Class Strategy in the Era of Capitalist Globalization
		Near the turn of the last century Lenin spoke of “fortresses of the working class” referring to the large industrial factories that were the flagships of the unfolding industrial revolution.
		Just as the working class at home cannot truly rise without raising the poorest sections of the working class out of poverty, so too the world working class has a vital interest in putting a floor under poverty and underdevelopment globally.
		The working class response to the industrial revolution and the imperialist stage of capitalism at the turn of the last century was a many sided, long range struggle of the working class.
	www.cpusa.org /article/articleview/784/1/35 (4912 words)

	Working class Info - Encyclopedia WikiWhat.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The definition of the term "working class" is controversial, and depends on the politics of the person making the definition and on the society being discussed.
		Karl Marx defined the "working class" or proletariat as "those individuals who sell their labor and do not own the means of production" whom he believed were responsible for creating the wealth of a society (buildings, bridges and furniture, for example, are physically built by members of this class).
		The proletariat are further subdivided by Marxists into the ordinary proletariat and the lumpenproletariat, those who are extremely poor and cannot find legal work on a regular basis.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/w/wo/working_class.html (240 words)

	VICTORIAN EDUCATION (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Children of the nineteenth-century working class in England had rare prospects of acquiring more than a few scraps of education.
		As the working class began to move closer in location and status to the ruling class, their differences in attitudes and behavior were viewed as uncivilized and immoral.
		The frustrations of the working class grew and by the 1830s resulted in social tensions and eventually rioting.
	www.umd.umich.edu /casl/hum/eng/classes/434/geweb/VICTORIA.htm (1530 words)

	Did Anybody Say Working-Class Power? \| Dollars & Sense
		Gompers' views came to mean that the working class could not speak in its own name.
		Rather than class politics, unions adopted "special interest" politics; the task of the union was to defend the interests of its members.
		The job of the union leader is to represent the interests of the working class.
	www.dollarsandsense.org /archives/2005/0905fletcher.html (823 words)

	NOW with Bill Moyers. Politics & Economy. Downward Mobility . State of the Unions \| PBS
		The working class for me are people who are working and without a great deal of authority over the pace and the content of the work.
		In Zweig's formulation the middle class is much smaller than Americans traditionally believe — even doctors and professors might be losing control of their work day to HMOs and university administrations.
		Unions used to be a way of life in the United States and for many, a marker of membership in the working class.
	www.pbs.org /now/politics/workingclass.html (735 words)

	IWCA - Independent Working Class Association - national website
		Most of the existing research looks at gentrification from the perspective of the agencies charged with urban renewal and the middle class incomers who are moving into working class areas.
		Academies are already failing to give pupils in working class areas, the quality of education they were promised, it was claimed this week.
		What started out as a genuine concern within working class communities about the rise of anti-social behaviour carried out by young people on our estates, has now been hijacked by the right-wing media and elevated into a cultural witch hunt of working class youth: hunt the chav...
	www.iwca.info (1996 words)

	working class acupuncture \| words from acu-land
		Working Class Acupuncture is about bringing patients and practitioners together to create healthy, mutually beneficial communities.
		Acupuncture was a piece of the puzzle that made up the whole picture -- along with prayer and visualization and music -- the whole picture of five more years of living together, of being happy, and without acupuncture, that picture would not have been there.
		As a patient of Working Class Acupuncture and an employee here at the American Red Cross, I hope my testimonial to the benefits of acupuncture will encourage you to take advantage of this unique, affordable and convenient service the clinic and our employer have offered us.
	www.workingclassacupuncture.org /aculand.html (1313 words)

	Public Opinion Watch: The White Working Class
		David Gopoian and Ralph Whitehead, in turn, published a short critique of Bartels’ analysis, questioning his definition of the white working class and the political conclusions he drew from his analysis.
		Bartels defines the white working class as those whites who fall in the bottom third of the income distribution.
		Most damaging of all, in my view, defining the white working class as, in essence, the white poor throws out of the white working class the very kind of workers who traditionally are most associated with that group.
	www.motherjones.com /commentary/columns/2006/01/white_working_class.html (0 words)

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